Tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine metabolites in cancer: systemic nutritional and metabolic implications.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care
; 27(3): 316-321, 2024 05 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38386476
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To describe the role of Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism and Kynurenine (Kyn) metabolites in nutritional and metabolic changes in cancer. RECENT FINDINGS:
Trp is in part utilized for protein and neurotransmitters biosynthesis, but more than 95% is implicated in Kyn pathways. In this molecular cascade, metabolites are produced with distinct biological activities regulating the immune response and neurotransmission with potential implications in malnutrition/cachexia during cancer. Immune dysfunction is a phenomenon occurring during cancer and malnutrition. Kyn metabolites regulate lymphocytes activity and recent data in animals showed that the inhibition of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via 1-methyl-tryptophan determines partial amelioration of inflammation, but no positive effects on the preservation of muscularity were observed. Kynurenines seem to contribute to muscle catabolism via NAD+ biosynthesis and ROS generation. Trp metabolism via the serotonin biosynthesis is involved in appetite control in cancer. Moreover, kynurenines have a role in determining fatigue in conditions associated with inflammation.SUMMARY:
Trp metabolism has implications in immune and energy balance in cancer. The modulation of Trp and kynurenines have impact on central nervous system mechanisms, including appetite, fatigue, and muscle wasting/cachexia. Research focusing on these clinical implications will open new scenario for therapeutic interventions aimed at counteracting nutritional derangements in cancer.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Desnutrição
/
Neoplasias
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care
Assunto da revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
/
METABOLISMO
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Itália