Strobilurin fungicide increases the susceptibility of amphibian larvae to trematode infections.
Aquat Toxicol
; 269: 106864, 2024 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38422928
ABSTRACT
The global rise in fungal pathogens has driven the increased usage of fungicides, yet our understanding of their ecotoxicity remains largely limited to acute toxicity. While such data is critical for projecting the risk of fungicide exposure to individual species, the contamination of natural systems with fungicides also has the potential to alter species interactions within communities including host-parasite relationships. We examined the effects of the fungicide pyraclostrobin on the susceptibility of larval American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) to trematode (echinostome) infections using a controlled laboratory experiment. Following a 2-wk exposure to 0, 1.0, 5.2, or 8.4 µg/L of pyraclostrobin, tadpoles were then exposed to parasites either in the 1) presence (continued/simultaneous exposure) or 2) absence (fungicide-free water) of pyraclostrobin. We found that when exposed to pyraclostrobin during parasite exposure, meta cercariae counts increased 4 to 8 times compared to control tadpoles. Additionally, parasite loads were approximately 2 times higher in tadpoles with continued fungicide exposures compared to tadpoles that were moved to fresh water following fungicide exposure. This research demonstrates that fungicides at environmentally relevant concentrations can indirectly alter host-parasite interactions, which could elevate disease risk. It also underscores the need for studies that expand beyond traditional toxicity experiments to assess the potential community and ecosystem-level implications of environmental contaminants.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Parasitos
/
Infecções por Trematódeos
/
Poluentes Químicos da Água
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Fungicidas Industriais
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Aquat Toxicol
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA
/
TOXICOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article