Low salinity stress increases the risk of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Pacific white shrimp.
BMC Microbiol
; 24(1): 275, 2024 Jul 25.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39048954
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Extreme precipitation events often cause sudden drops in salinity, leading to disease outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture. Evidence suggests that environmental stress increases animal host susceptibility to pathogens. However, the mechanisms of how low salinity stress induces disease susceptibility remain poorly understood.METHODS:
We investigated the acute response of shrimp gut microbiota exposed to pathogens under low salinity stress. For comparison, shrimp were exposed to Vibrio infection under two salinity conditions optimal salinity (Control group) and low salinity stress (Stress group). High throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and real-time PCR were employed to characterize the shrimp gut microbiota and quantify the severity level of Vibrio infection.RESULTS:
The results showed that low salinity stress increased Vibrio infection levels, reduced gut microbiota species richness, and perturbed microbial functions in the shrimp gut, leading to significant changes in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis that promoted the growth of pathogens. Gut microbiota of the bacterial genera Candidatus Bacilliplasma, Cellvibrio, and Photobacterium were identified as biomarkers of the Stress group. The functions of the gut microbiota in the Stress group were primarily associated with cellular processes and the metabolism of lipid-related compounds.CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings reveal how environmental stress, particularly low salinity, increases shrimp susceptibility to Vibrio infection by affecting the gut microbiota. This highlights the importance of avoiding low salinity stress and promoting gut microbiota resilience to maintain the health of shrimp.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vibrioses
/
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
/
RNA Ribossômico 16S
/
Penaeidae
/
Disbiose
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Microbioma Gastrointestinal
/
Estresse Salino
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Microbiol
Assunto da revista:
MICROBIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Taiwan