Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 18.048
Filtrar
2.
Science ; 383(6689): 1271, 2024 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513018

RESUMO

When I was chancellor of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, I tried never to miss the annual concert of the Triangle Youth Symphony. When people asked me why I was such a regular, I complimented the music but also suggested that there were potential future college science majors on the stage. The strong correlation between scientific and musical ability is an association familiar to many scientists, but in recent years, the connections between music and the mind have begun receiving broader attention, partly because of an unexpected partnership between the former long-time director of the US National Institutes of Health Francis Collins, and soprano opera superstar Renée Fleming. I caught up with Collins and Fleming for an extended chat about their shared curiosity regarding the science of music and health.


Assuntos
Música , Teoria da Mente , Humanos , Música/psicologia , Estados Unidos
3.
BMC Res Notes ; 17(1): 61, 2024 Mar 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433213

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The neural correlates of creativity are not well understood. Using an improvised guitar task, we investigated the role of Broca's area during spontaneous creativity, regardless of individual skills, experience, or subjective feelings. RESULTS: Twenty guitarists performed improvised and formulaic blues rock sequences while hemodynamic responses were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. We identified a new significant response in Broca's area (Brodmann area [BA] 45L) and its right hemisphere homologue during improvised playing but not during formulaic playing. Our results indicate that bilateral BA45 activity is common during creative processes that involve improvisation across all participants, regardless of subjective feelings, skill, age, difficulty, history, or amount of practice. While our previous results demonstrated that the modulation of the neural network according to the subjectively experienced level of creativity relied on the degree of deactivation in BA46L, our current results independently show a common concurrent activity in BA45 in all participants. We suggest that this is related to the sustained execution of improvisation in "motor control," analogous to motor planning in speech control.


Assuntos
Área de Broca , Música , Humanos , Emoções , Redes Neurais de Computação
4.
J Sports Sci Med ; 23(1): 258-264, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38455446

RESUMO

Music is well-known to elicit ergogenic effects on exercise performance; however, the moderating role of application timing remains unclear. This study examined the effects of the timing of music on fatigue perception and performance during isometric strength exercises. Using a within-subject, randomised crossover design, twelve recreationally active young adults performed two isometric strength tasks (plank-hold and wall-sit) in three separate conditions (MEE: music played during the entire exercise task; MDF: music played during fatigue alone; CON: no music). The total time to volitional exhaustion (TTE), time to the onset of fatigue perception (TFP), heart rate, and blood lactate responses were assessed during each trial. MEE resulted in a significantly longer TTE than CON in both the plank-hold (p < 0.05, d = 0.76) and wall-sit exercises (p < 0.05, d = 0.72), whereas MDF led to a significantly longer TTE than CON in wall-sit exercises alone (p < 0.05, d = 0.60). TFP was significantly longer in MEE than in CON in both the plank-hold (p < 0.05, d = 0.54) and wall-sit exercises (p < 0.05, d = 0.64). The music condition did not influence the heart rate or blood lactate changes in any of the trials. Our results suggest that listening to music during the entire exercise can delay the onset of fatigue perception in isometric strength tasks, whereas listening to music during fatigue has only a modest effect. Athletes and exercisers should consider extending music exposure throughout the entire exercise task to maximise performance benefits.


Assuntos
Música , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Estudos Cross-Over , Fadiga , Percepção/fisiologia , Lactatos
5.
Sci Adv ; 10(10): eadi2525, 2024 Mar 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38446888

RESUMO

Why do humans spontaneously dance to music? To test the hypothesis that motor dynamics reflect predictive timing during music listening, we created melodies with varying degrees of rhythmic predictability (syncopation) and asked participants to rate their wanting-to-move (groove) experience. Degree of syncopation and groove ratings are quadratically correlated. Magnetoencephalography data showed that, while auditory regions track the rhythm of melodies, beat-related 2-hertz activity and neural dynamics at delta (1.4 hertz) and beta (20 to 30 hertz) rates in the dorsal auditory pathway code for the experience of groove. Critically, the left sensorimotor cortex coordinates these groove-related delta and beta activities. These findings align with the predictions of a neurodynamic model, suggesting that oscillatory motor engagement during music listening reflects predictive timing and is effected by interaction of neural dynamics along the dorsal auditory pathway.


Assuntos
Música , Humanos , Membrana Celular , Córtex Cerebral , Magnetoencefalografia
6.
J Acoust Soc Am ; 155(3): 1694-1703, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38426839

RESUMO

Cochlear implant (CI) is currently the vital technological device for assisting deaf patients in hearing sounds and greatly enhances their sound listening appreciation. Unfortunately, it performs poorly for music listening because of the insufficient number of electrodes and inaccurate identification of music features. Therefore, this study applied source separation technology with a self-adjustment function to enhance the music listening benefits for CI users. In the objective analysis method, this study showed that the results of the source-to-distortion, source-to-interference, and source-to-artifact ratios were 4.88, 5.92, and 15.28 dB, respectively, and significantly better than the Demucs baseline model. For the subjective analysis method, it scored higher than the traditional baseline method VIR6 (vocal to instrument ratio, 6 dB) by approximately 28.1 and 26.4 (out of 100) in the multi-stimulus test with hidden reference and anchor test, respectively. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can benefit CI users in identifying music in a live concert, and the personal self-fitting signal separation method had better results than any other default baselines (vocal to instrument ratio of 6 dB or vocal to instrument ratio of 0 dB) did. This finding suggests that the proposed system is a potential method for enhancing the music listening benefits for CI users.


Assuntos
Implante Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Surdez , Aprendizado Profundo , Música , Humanos , Surdez/reabilitação , Percepção Auditiva
7.
Nurs Sci Q ; 37(2): 173-180, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38491880

RESUMO

It is important to explore the ways that the working lives of persons provides meaning in personal, professional, and organizational ways. In this paper, the author utilized the processes of Parse's (2021a) humanbecoming hermeneutic sciencing (discoursing with penetrating engaging, interpreting with quiescent beholding, and understanding with inspiring envisaging) and the leading-following model to further understanding of the meaning of "working" through Stephen Schwarz's Broadway show, Working, the Musical (Browning & Schwartz, 1982/2002). Although not a formal sciencing project, this interpretive reflection provided a way to "see" how work is "lived out" uniquely.


Assuntos
Música , Humanos , Humanismo , Hermenêutica , Teoria de Enfermagem
8.
Acta Psychol (Amst) ; 244: 104204, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38430726

RESUMO

Several studies have been conducted that show the crucial role of active participation in music in health promotion (e.g. Dingle et al., 2021; Sheppard & Broughton, 2020); however, little research has focused on the biopsychosocial effects of choral singing. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness, in terms of improving physiological and psychosocial factors, of a choral program for middle-aged and older individuals. We integrated our study with qualitative observations of the atmosphere and flow state experienced by the choristers. The data were collected before and after 12 weeks of training, with 23 participants took part in the study. They experienced significant improvements in weight, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and satisfaction of psychological needs. A beneficial trend, although not statistically significant, were observed for blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, stress, psychological needs, and mental health. The observations progressively revealed a more cohesive and focused group. Our findings support the potential for cross-disciplinary collaboration between healthcare and arts policy to promote and enhance health and well-being throughout the lifespan.


Assuntos
Música , Canto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Idoso , Projetos Piloto , Longevidade , Itália
9.
Br Dent J ; 236(6): 442, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38519671

Assuntos
Música , Neoplasias , Canto
10.
J Rehabil Med ; 56: jrm34877, 2024 Mar 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38482971

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Musician's focal hand dystonia is a painless task-specific focal dystonia, which presents with involuntary movements, abnormal postures, and loss of fine motor dexterity. We report here the case of a 63-year-old male, percussionist, with african ethnicity, with musician's focal hand dystonia who was treated with botulinum toxin, and describe the results at 4-weeks follow up. METHODS: Clinical examination and video analysis revealed abnormal flexion of the 3rd finger, followed by flexion of the 4th and 5th fingers while playing the congas. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of musician's focal hand dystonia was established. Ten units of botulinum toxin were injected into the muscle fibres of the flexor digitorum superficialis corresponding to the 4th finger using electromyography and ultrasound guidance. Four weeks later, the patient reported a subjective 60% improvement in his performance. He emphasized the effect of botulinum toxin on performance speed and tension over the forearm and hand. CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin is not a definitive treatment for musician's focal hand dystonia, but it may potentiate other definitive rehabilitation techniques. More research is needed to determine the long-term effects of botulinum toxin on function enhancement in musician's focal hand dystonia.


Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas , Distúrbios Distônicos , Música , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Toxinas Botulínicas/uso terapêutico , Distúrbios Distônicos/tratamento farmacológico , Músculo Esquelético , Mãos
11.
Cereb Cortex ; 34(3)2024 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38489785

RESUMO

Dance and music are well known to improve sensorimotor skills and cognitive functions. To reveal the underlying mechanism, previous studies focus on the brain plastic structural and functional effects of dance and music training. However, the discrepancy training effects on brain structure-function relationship are still blurred. Thus, proficient dancers, musicians, and controls were recruited in this study. The graph signal processing framework was employed to quantify the region-level and network-level relationship between brain function and structure. The results showed the increased coupling strength of the right ventromedial putamen in the dance and music groups. Distinctly, enhanced coupling strength of the ventral attention network, increased coupling strength of the right inferior frontal gyrus opercular area, and increased function connectivity of coupling function signal between the right and left middle frontal gyrus were only found in the dance group. Besides, the dance group indicated enhanced coupling function connectivity between the left inferior parietal lobule caudal area and the left superior parietal lobule intraparietal area compared with the music groups. The results might illustrate dance and music training's discrepant effect on the structure-function relationship of the subcortical and cortical attention networks. Furthermore, dance training seemed to have a greater impact on these networks.


Assuntos
Música , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Mapeamento Encefálico , Lobo Parietal , Lobo Frontal , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos
12.
Neuron ; 112(6): 870-874, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513617

RESUMO

In an interview with Neuron, Joseph LeDoux outlines his early work on consciousness in split-brain patients, his transition into studying emotional behavior in rodents, and his continued exploration of consciousness in books and other writings. He describes how his research fused with his interest in music, which he pursued though his band, The Amygdaloids, and their unique genre, "heavy mental."


Assuntos
Música , Masculino , Humanos , Estado de Consciência , Emoções
13.
Eval Program Plann ; 103: 102416, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38452409

RESUMO

Child marriage has continued to rear its ugly head in Nigerian society. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of storytelling and multimedia music interventions in improving knowledge of the Child Rights Act and reducing the propensity to engage in child marriage. The researchers applied a quasi-experimental design and collected data using a structured questionnaire. The children were assigned into three groups (control, storytelling and multimedia music) of 173 participants. It was found that the interventions were effective. In particular, while storytelling contributed more to reducing the propensity to engage in child marriage, multimedia music contributed more to improving knowledge of the Child Rights Act. These results suggest that storytelling and multimedia music interventions can be effective approaches for addressing the lingering problem of child marriage in Nigeria.


Assuntos
Musicoterapia , Música , Criança , Humanos , Multimídia , Casamento , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde
14.
Nurs Open ; 11(3): e2134, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38481006

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and potential effectiveness of a group-based instrumental musical training programme in improving resilience, depressive symptoms, self-esteem and quality of life among school-aged children from low-income families. DESIGN: Assessor-blinded pilot randomised waitlist controlled trial with process evaluation. METHODS: This study was conducted in the community from January 2022 to July 2023. Sixty-four children from low-income families (aged 8-12 years) were randomised (1:1) to intervention and waitlist control groups. The intervention group (n = 32) received weekly 1-hour instrumental musical training for 6 months in groups of four to five from professionally qualified musicians at a music centre. The participants in the waitlist control group (n = 32) received the same intervention as the participants in the intervention group after the completion of all outcome assessments. The primary outcome was the children's levels of resilience, measured using the Resilience Scale for Children - 10. The secondary outcomes were depressive symptoms, self-esteem and quality of life. Assessments were conducted at baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1). An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS: The 64 participants had a mean (SD) age of 9.5 (1.44) years, and 37 (57.8%) were boys. Compared with the waitlist control group, participants in the intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in resilience levels from baseline to T0 (group-by-time interaction coefficient ß = 4.41; 95% CI, 1.82-6.99; p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (ß = -6.42; 95% CI, -11.12 to -1.71; p = 0.008), self-esteem (ß = -2.60; 95% CI, 0.28-4.92; p = 0.028) and quality of life (ß = 6.69; 95% CI, 0.18-13.2; p = 0.044). CONCLUSION: The group-based instrumental musical training programme was feasible and acceptable for school-aged underprivileged children and showed the potential to improve the resilience and quality of life of this vulnerable population.


Assuntos
Música , Testes Psicológicos , Resiliência Psicológica , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida , Projetos Piloto , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
16.
J R Soc Interface ; 21(212): 20230647, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38503341

RESUMO

Cultural processes of change bear many resemblances to biological evolution. The underlying units of non-biological evolution have, however, remained elusive, especially in the domain of music. Here, we introduce a general framework to jointly identify underlying units and their associated evolutionary processes. We model musical styles and principles of organization in dimensions such as harmony and form as following an evolutionary process. Furthermore, we propose that such processes can be identified by extracting latent evolutionary signatures from musical corpora, analogously to identifying mutational signatures in genomics. These signatures provide a latent embedding for each song or musical piece. We develop a deep generative architecture for our model, which can be viewed as a type of variational autoencoder with an evolutionary prior constraining the latent space; specifically, the embeddings for each song are tied together via an energy-based prior, which encourages songs close in evolutionary space to share similar representations. As illustration, we analyse songs from the McGill Billboard dataset. We find frequent chord transitions and formal repetition schemes and identify latent evolutionary signatures related to these features. Finally, we show that the latent evolutionary representations learned by our model outperform non-evolutionary representations in such tasks as period and genre prediction.


Assuntos
Evolução Cultural , Música , Genômica
17.
Otol Neurotol ; 45(4): e297-e306, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38437807

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the number of channels and channel interaction on timbre perception in cochlear implant (CI) processing. By utilizing vocoder simulations of CI processing, the effects of different numbers of channels and channel interaction were examined to assess their impact on timbre perception, an essential aspect of music and auditory performance. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Fourteen CI recipients, with at least 1 year of CI device use, and two groups (N = 16 and N = 19) of normal hearing (NH) participants completed a timbre recognition (TR) task. NH participants were divided into two groups, with each group being tested on different aspects of the study. The first group underwent testing with varying numbers of channels (8, 12, 16, and 20) to determine an ideal number that closely reflected the TR performance of CI recipients. Subsequently, the second group of NH participants participated in the assessment of channel interaction, utilizing the identified ideal number of 20 channels, with three conditions: low interaction (54 dB/octave), medium interaction (24 dB/octave), and high interaction (12 dB/octave). Statistical analyses, including repeated-measures analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons, were conducted to examine the effects. RESULTS: The number of channels did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on TR in NH participants ( p > 0.05). However, it was observed that the condition with 20 channels closely resembled the TR performance of CI recipients. In contrast, channel interaction exhibited a significant effect ( p < 0.001) on TR. Both the low interaction (54 dB/octave) and high interaction (12 dB/octave) conditions differed significantly from the actual CI recipients' performance. CONCLUSION: Timbre perception, a complex ability reliant on highly detailed spectral resolution, was not significantly influenced by the number of channels. However, channel interaction emerged as a significant factor affecting timbre perception. The differences observed under different channel interaction conditions suggest potential mechanisms, including reduced spectro-temporal resolution and degraded spectral cues. These findings highlight the importance of considering channel interaction and optimizing CI processing strategies to enhance music perception and overall auditory performance for CI recipients.


Assuntos
Implante Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Música , Percepção da Fala , Humanos , Percepção Auditiva , Implante Coclear/métodos , Testes Auditivos/métodos
18.
Adv Neurobiol ; 36: 935-951, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468070

RESUMO

The concept of fractal was popularized by Mandelbrot as a tool to tame the geometrical structure of objects with infinite hierarchical depth. The key aspect of fractals is the use of simple parsimonious rules and initial conditions, which when applied recursively can generate unbounded complexity. Fractals are structures ubiquitous in nature, being present in coast lines, bacteria colonies, trees, and physiological time series. However, within the field of cognitive science, the core question is not which phenomena can generate fractal structures, but whether human or animal minds can represent recursive processes, and if so in which domains. In this chapter, we will explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the representation of recursive hierarchical embedding. Language is the domain in which this capacity is best studied. Humans can generate an infinite array of hierarchically structured sentences, and this capacity distinguishes us from other species. However, recent research suggests that humans can represent similar structures in the domains of music, vision, and action and has provided additional cues as to how these capacities are cognitively implemented. Using a comparative approach, we will map the commonalities and differences across domains and offer a roadmap to understand the neurobiological implementation of fractal cognition.


Assuntos
Fractais , Música , Humanos , Cognição/fisiologia
19.
Soins Psychiatr ; 45(351): 29-32, 2024.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38527870

RESUMO

Music can be used as a therapeutic tool with people suffering from complex addictions and traumas. By playing together, the patient and care team create a transitional space conducive to emotional attunement and trust. This shared experience facilitates connection and engagement in the therapeutic relationship, which conveys a sense of security. Music is a powerful tool in the treatment of addiction and trauma. It helps to repair damaged bonds and develop empathy, cooperation and creativity within the care team.


Assuntos
Comportamento Aditivo , Música , Humanos , Música/psicologia , Emoções , Empatia , Criatividade
20.
Med Probl Perform Art ; 39(1): 1-7, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38413825

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency and trends of musculoskeletal medical attention injuries occurring in Australian professional musical theatre performers over two consecutive Australian city tours. METHODS: Medical attention performance-related injuries were prospectively reported from 269 professional Australian music theatre performers across nine professional music theatre productions from 2015 to 2020. Medical attention injuries were defined as a presentation to physiotherapy for assessment or treatment of a body region that may or may not have resulted in time lost on stage. RESULTS: 844 injuries were reported in City 1 and 776 injuries were reported in the City 2. The proportion of performers reporting injuries in City 1 ranged from 39.5% to 96.4% and in City 2, from 15.4% to 92.9%. Cervical spine injuries (ncity1 = 194, ncity2 = 187) were the most prevalent musculoskeletal presentation to physiotherapy followed by lumbar spine (ncity1 = 124, ncity2 = 117) and thoracic spine (ncity1 = 124, ncity2 = 90). There were more acute injuries reported in City 1 than City 2 (adj residuals = -4.09, p < 0.001) and more persistent injuries in City 2 (adj residuals = 4.09, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Almost half of all injuries requiring medical attention in Australian professional music theatre performers were related to the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine, with an increasing trend of cervical spine injury frequency across show durations. The study suggests a need for targeted injury prevention strategies in this population.


Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Música , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral , Humanos , Austrália/epidemiologia , Vértebras Lombares , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...