Effects of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcer in older bedridden patients: A meta-analysis.

To evaluate the effect of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcers in elderly bedridden patients by meta-analysis. Applied computer searches of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of predictive nursing in preventing pressure ulcers in elderly bedridden patients from the database inception to November 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and performed quality assessment based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 17.0 software was utilised for data analysis. Eighteen RCTs involving 6504 patients were finally included. The analysis revealed the implementation of predictive nursing interventions had a significant advantage in reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers in elderly bedridden patients compared with conventional nursing (odds ratio [OR] = 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15-0.28, p < 0.001), while the patients' satisfaction with nursing care was higher (OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 2.99-4.57, p < 0.001). This study shows that the implementation of a predictive nursing interventions for elderly bedridden patients can effectively reduce the occurrence of pressure ulcers and significantly improve patients' satisfaction with nursing care, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Effects of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcer in elderly bedridden patients.

The study explores the impact of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcers (PUs) in elderly bedridden patients. A total of 120 elderly bedridden patients from the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between August 2019 and August 2023 were selected as the subjects of the study and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method. The control group received conventional nursing care, while the observation group received predictive nursing interventions. The study compared the incidence of PUs, Braden scale scores, the onset time of PUs, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores, and nursing satisfaction between the two groups. In elderly bedridden patients, the application of predictive nursing interventions significantly reduced the incidence of PUs (p < 0.001), significantly lowered the SAS and SDS scores (p < 0.001), and also significantly increased Braden scale scores (p < 0.001) and delayed the onset time of PUs (p < 0.001). Additionally, it improved patients' nursing satisfaction (p = 0.008). Predictive nursing interventions in elderly bedridden patients have good application effects, reducing the occurrence of PUs, delaying the time of onset in patients, improving patients' negative emotions and enhancing nursing satisfaction rates. It is worthy of widespread use.

The clinical applicability of sensor technology with body position detection to combat pressure ulcers in bedridden patients.

INTRODUCTION: Pressure Ulcers (PUs) are a major healthcare issue leading to prolonged hospital stays and decreased quality of life. Monitoring body position changes using sensors could reduce workload, improve turn compliance and decrease PU incidence. METHOD: This systematic review assessed the clinical applicability of different sensor types capable of in-bed body position detection. RESULTS: We included 39 articles. Inertial sensors were most commonly used (n = 14). This sensor type has high accuracy and is equipped with a 2-4 hour turn-interval warning system increasing turn compliance. The second-largest group were piezoresistive (pressure) sensors (n = 12), followed by load sensors (n = 4), piezoelectric sensors (n = 3), radio wave-based sensors (n = 3) and capacitive sensors (n = 3). All sensor types except inertial sensors showed a large variety in the type and number of detected body positions. However, clinically relevant position changes such as trunk rotation and head of bed elevation were not detected or tested. CONCLUSION: Inertial sensors are the benchmark sensor type regarding accuracy and clinical applicability but these sensors have direct patient contact and (re)applying the sensors requires the effort of a nurse. Other sensor types without these disadvantages should be further investigated and developed. We propose the Pressure Ulcer Position System (PUPS) guideline to facilitate this.

Association between N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and clinical outcomes in bedridden patients with stroke: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Patients with stroke often remain bedridden despite rehabilitation. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels increase after stroke. Our study aimed to investigate the difference in NT-pro-BNP levels between bedridden and non-bedridden patients with stroke and to explore the factors influencing NT-pro-BNP levels in bedridden patients. DESIGN: A single-centre, cross-sectional study. SETTING: This study was conducted in a hospital, Shenzhen, China. PARTICIPANTS: Between January 2019 and December 2022, 465 participants were included in this study. OUTCOME MEASURES: The collected data included basic information, laboratory data and echocardiographic parameters. Binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify factors associated with high NT-pro-BNP levels. RESULTS: Bedridden patients with stroke had higher levels of NT-pro-BNP, D-dimer, high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lower levels of creatinine, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, albumin and haemoglobin, as well as lower left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening and the ratio between the peak velocities of early and late diastolic filling than non-bedridden patients. In bedridden patients, age ≥75 years, high levels of hs-CRP and creatinine, and low levels of albumin were associated with high NT-pro-BNP levels. In non-bedridden patients, age ≥75 years and high creatinine levels were associated with high NT-pro-BNP levels. In bedridden patients with stroke, the area under the curve (AUC) of hs-CRP was 0.700 (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.638 to 0.762) with a cut-off value of 5.12 mg/L. The AUC of albumin was 0.671 (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.606 to 0.736) with a cut-off value of 37.15 g/L. CONCLUSIONS: NT-pro-BNP levels were higher in bedridden patients with stroke than in non-bedridden patients. Decreased albumin and elevated hs-CRP levels were associated with high levels of NT-pro-BNP in bedridden patients. Further studies are needed to explore the risk stratification and potential treatments for elevated NT-pro-BNP in bedridden patients with stroke.

Hygiene with wet wipes in bedridden patients to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection in cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

We assessed hygiene with wet wipes in bedridden patients with urinary catheters for catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention. CAUTIs occurred in 16.5% of the control group compared to 5.9% of the intervention group (P = .035). Hygiene with wet wipes can substitute for conventional hygiene for preventing CAUTI.

A novel multi-scale pressure sensing hydrogel for monitoring the physiological signals of long-term bedridden patients.

For long-term bedridden patients who need to wear diapers, the timely replacement of diapers is very important to ensure their quality of life. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a pressure sensor that can monitor the physiological conditions of patients in real time. Inspired by the multi-scale network structure of the multi-fiber protein in the muscle, a multi-scale hydrogel as a pressure sensor was prepared by introducing micron-scale hydrogel microspheres as physical crosslinking agents. Compared with the traditional polyacrylamide hydrogel (0.17 MPa of compressive strength), the multi-scale hydrogel showed a higher compressive strength of up to 1.37 MPa. Meanwhile, the hydrogel exhibited better pressure sensitivity (0.59 kPa-1) than the existing hydrogels (0.27-0.40 kPa-1). The sensor prepared by this hydrogel could monitor the patient's physiological condition (urine outflow and urinary filling) in real time through the conductivity response to ion concentration and pressure, and then transmit the signal to the caregivers in time to avoid skin damage. This multi-scale hydrogel provided a great convenience for the physiological monitoring of long-term bedridden patients by acting as a pressure sensor.

Life satisfaction and its influencing factors for bedridden patients with stroke.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the life satisfaction of bedridden patients with stroke and explore its relationship with demographic, social, and medical factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in two steps. The Longshi scale was used to select the study population and assess patients' ability to perform activities of daily living. Subsequently, a multidimensional questionnaire was used to obtain the participants' information and evaluate their level of life satisfaction. The chi-squared test and binary logistic regression methods were employed to analyze the factors influencing the life satisfaction of bedridden patients with stroke. RESULTS: A total of 3,639 bedridden patients with stroke were included in this study, of them, only 27.2% reported satisfaction with their current lives. Factors associated with higher life satisfaction include female sex, older age, and primary school education or lower (P<0.05). Patients who had experienced a single stroke episode had chronic diseases, and rated their health as good were more satisfied with their lives than those who did not. The results of the binary logistic regression confirmed that age, education, religion, household income, cohabitation, social participation, number of chronic diseases, self-rated health status, and disability level significantly influenced the life satisfaction of bedridden patients with stroke (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the overall life satisfaction of bedridden patients with stroke was low, with several factors influencing their life satisfaction. Therefore, effective measures should be implemented to improve life satisfaction and quality of life.

Long-Term Risk of Being Bedridden in Elderly Patients Who Underwent Oncologic Surgery: A Retrospective Study Using a Japanese Claims Database.

BACKGROUND: Although functional outcomes are important in surgery for elderly patients, the long-term functional prognosis following oncologic surgery is unclear. We retrospectively investigated the long-term, functional and survival prognosis following major oncologic surgery according to age among elderly patients. METHODS: We used a Japanese administrative database to identify 11,896 patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent major oncological surgery between June 2014 and February 2019. We investigated the association between age at surgery and the postoperative incidence of bedridden status and mortality. Using the Fine-Gray model and restricted cubic spline functions, we conducted a multivariable, survival analysis with adjustments for patient background characteristics and treatment courses to estimate hazard ratios for the outcomes. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 588 (interquartile range, 267-997) days, 657 patients (5.5%) became bedridden and 1540 (13%) died. Patients aged ≥ 70 years had a significantly higher incidence of being bedridden than those aged 65-69 years; the subdistribution hazard ratios of the age groups of 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and ≥ 85 years were 3.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-6.71), 3.86 (95% CI 1.89-7.89), 6.26 (95% CI 3.06-12.8), and 8.60 (95% CI 4.19-17.7), respectively. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an increase in the incidence of bedridden status in patients aged ≥ 65 years, whereas mortality increased in patients aged ≥ 75 years. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale, observational study revealed that older age at oncological surgery was associated with poorer functional outcomes and higher mortality among patients aged ≥ 65 years.

The effects of nursing interventions on the level of anxiety and care burden of the caregivers of bedridden patients.

Background: Taking care of bedridden patients at home is a very difficult task for caregivers. In this care process, caregivers can be supported with the interventions given by the nurses at home. Aim: This study mainly aimed to compare the anxiety and care burden levels of caregivers of bedridden patients at home after nursing interventions which a personal care handbook, regular home visits, and telephone counseling. Subject and Methods: To proceed with this study, 51 caregivers have included in this study between January 1 and July 21, 2018. The Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living (BIADL) was used to measure levels of independence in patient's activities, State and Trait Anxiety Scale (SAI and TAI) was used to measure the anxiety levels, and Burden Interview (BI) care burden problems of caregivers who participated in the study. Also, Sociodemographic Characteristics Form was used for demographic data of patients and caregivers. Results: The analysis of the responses showed the proportions of the caregivers who had lower SAI- TAI and BI scores after taking nursing intervention at home. The state anxiety level of caregivers (pre-test: Mean; 54.06+-7.97; post-test: Mean; 38.43+-6.41) and the trait anxiety level of the caregivers (pre-test: Mean; 51.45+-5.94; post-test: Mean; 41.59+-7.05) and the burden level of caregivers (pre-test: Mean; 75.75+-11.41; post-test: Mean; 57.69+-13.39) was determined. The differences between the pre and post-test mean scores of SAI, TAI, and BI were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study highlights that the burden and anxiety levels of the caregivers had lower post-test levels than the pre-test levels.

Vitamin D deficiency in bedridden elderly people at home.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the homebound elderly people and relate them to level of dementia, nutritional risk, and route of dietary administration. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving 207 bedridden elderly people assisted by the Home Care Service in the city of Santo André - SP, from June to December 2016. The following factors were evaluated: dietary intake of vitamin D, arm circumference, triceps skin fold thickness, calf circumference, nutritional risk by Mini-Nutritional Assessment, level of dementia by the adapted Clinical Dementia Rating questionnaire, and laboratory tests such as serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium, and parathormone. RESULTS: The mean age of the elderly people was 81.6 (9.2) years. Deficiency of 25(OH)D was observed in 76.3% of the elderly people. There was an inverse correlation between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D: parathormone (r=-0.418, p<0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (r=-0.188, p=0.006) and a direct correlation with serum calcium (r=-0.158, p=0.022). Logistic regression showed that vitamin D deficiency was directly and independently associated with oral feeding (odds ratio 7.71; 95%CI 2.91-20.40). CONCLUSION: Bedridden households showed high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency without association with nutritional risk and level of dementia. Oral diet was associated with vitamin D deficiency, possibly due to low consumption of source foods.

Efetividade de um plano de metas fisioterapêuticas em pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva: uma análise retrospectiva vs. prospectiva / Effectiveness of a plan of physiotherapy goals in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis vs. prospective

Introdução: A fisioterapia na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) apresenta como objetivo utilizar estratégias de mobilização precoce a fim de reduzir o impacto da fraqueza muscular adquirida na UTI. Logo, este estudo apresenta como objetivo avaliar a efetividade de um plano de metas fisioterapêuticas para pacientes internados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo e prospectivo comparativo realizado em uma UTI de um hospital público de Porto Alegre. Foram incluídos pacientes internados entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2019, maiores de 18 anos e que tiveram alta da UTI. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de informações e relatório que constam no prontuário eletrônico utilizado na Instituição. Foi analisado o desfecho das metas estabelecidas na admissão para sentar fora do leito e deambular.Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes foi do sexo masculino (57,5%). A média de idade foi de 60,52 ± 17,64 anos. A maioria das metas estabelecidas, tanto para sentar fora do leito como para deambular, foram atingidas (89% e 86,9%, respectivamente). Houve correlação significativa entre o alcance de meta para deambulação e ganho de força muscular pelo escore MRC (p = 0,041) e ganho de força muscular quando comparada admissão e alta da UTI (p = 0,004).Conclusão: Este estudo observou que estabelecer metas para sentar fora do leito e deambular para pacientes internados em UTI é efetivo.

Introduction: Physiotherapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) aims to use early mobilization strategies in order to reduce the impact of muscle acquired weakness in the ICU. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a physiotherapeutic goal plan for patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit. Methods: Retrospective and comparative prospective cohort study carried out in an ICU of a public hospital in Porto Alegre. Patients hospitalized between January and June 2019, over 18 years old and discharged from the ICU were included. Data collection was carried out through information and report contained in the electronic medical record used in the Institution. The outcome of goals established at admission for sitting out of bed and walking was analyzed. Results: Most patients were male (57.5%). The mean age was 63.2 ± 16.2 years. Most established goals, both for sitting out of bed and walking, were achieved (89% and 86.9%, respectively). There was a significant correlation between reaching the ambulation goal and muscle strength gain by the MRC score (p= 0.041) and muscle strength gain when comparing admission and discharge from the ICU (p = 0.004). Conclusion: This study observed that establishing goals for sitting out of bed and walking for ICU patients is effective.

Necesidades y demandasde servicios de salud por parte del cuidador principal del paciente inmovilizado / Needs and demands for health services by the main caregiver of the immobilized patient

Objetivo: Evaluar las necesidades y las demandas de servicios desalud del cuidador principal de pacientes inmovilizados en el Centrode Salud de Caranza. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversalsobre los cuidadores principales de pacientes inmovilizados, mediantela identificación de inmovilizados y captación de 39 cuidadoresprincipales que voluntaria y anónimamente participaron. Inclusiónde variables de calidad (≥ 2 visitas/año), clínicas (sobrecarga, apoyo,estrés, ansiedad y depresión), sociodemográficas y de satisfaccióncon el servicio. Resultados: El indicador de calidad se superó en el89,8% de inmovilizados. Entre sobrecarga y parentesco (p = 0,040),nivel de cobertura (p = 0,012) o tiempo de respuesta (p = 0,015) seobservaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. También hubodiferencias estadísticamente significativas entre apoyo social y nivelde cobertura (p < 0,001), tiempo de respuesta (p = 0,022), sobrecarga(p = 0,003), ansiedad (p = 0,046) o depresión (p = 0,040). Por último,se apreciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre nivel deestrés y género (p = 0,035). Conclusiones: El presente trabajo muestraque las necesidades y demandas de servicios de salud se deben dirigir adisminuir el elevado nivel de sobrecarga, estrés y depresión detectado.De este modo, el estudio pone en evidencia el tipo de actuacionesmultidisciplinarias que los servicios de salud deben implementar paramejorar la calidad de vida y mitigar los problemas de salud de loscuidadores principales de pacientes inmovilizados. (AU)

Objective: Assess the needs and demands for health servicesof the main caregiver of immobilized patients at the CaranzaHealth Center. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive studyon the main caregivers of immobilized patients, through theidentification of immobilized patients and recruitment of 39main caregivers who voluntarily and anonymously participated.Inclusion of quality variables (≥ 2 visits/year), clinical (burden,support, stress, anxiety, and depression), sociodemographic, andsatisfaction with the service. Results: The quality indicator wasexceeded in 89.8% of fixed assets. Between burden and kinship(p = 0.040), level of coverage (p = 0.012) or response time(p = 0.015), statistical differences were observed. There were alsostatistically significant differences between social support andcoverage level (p < 0.001), response time (p = 0.022), overload(p = 0.003), anxiety (p = 0.046) or depression (p = 0.040). Finally,statistically significant differences were observed between stresslevel and gender (p = 0.035). Conclusions: The present workshows that the needs and demands of health services shouldbe aimed at reducing the high level of overload, stress anddepression detected. In this way, the study highlights the type ofmultidisciplinary actions that health services must implement toimprove the quality of life and mitigate the health problems of themain caregivers of immobilized patients. (AU)

Atenção Domiciliar: os desafios das práticas profissionais de Enfermagem em Unidade de Saúde da Família na cidade de Itatiba ­ SP / Home Care: Nursery Professional Practice Challenges in a Family Health Unit in the city of Itatiba

O crescente aumento da população idosa no Brasil e em todo o mundo, juntamente com o aumento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e dos acidentes de trânsito, que resultam em incapacidade motora temporária ou permanente, torna evidente a necessidade de reexaminar a metodologia de trabalho e desenvolver novos conhecimentos no modelo de atenção à saúde Com este olhar dentro da Atenção Primária, temos a Atenção Domiciliar como um instrumento de cuidado motivado por vários olhares no bem-estar, como: desospitalização, organização do cuidado domiciliar, planejamento para a assistência principalmente para pacientes acamados e restritos, utilizando a organização e os princípios do SUS ­ universalidade, equidade, integralidade, descentralização, planejamento e sistematização para esta população. Objetivo: Descrever como os Enfermeiros da cidade de Itatiba, um município de médio porte, que trabalham na Unidade de Saúde da Família realizam a sistematização para a elegibilidade e frequência na Atenção Domiciliar para acamados e restritos. Metodologia: Foram aplicados questionários para conhecer como as unidades selecionam e definem a atenção domiciliar, as práticas realizadas pelas unidades de saúde, o conhecimento dos Enfermeiros em escalas e protocolos, se já aplicados ou não para este fim. Resultados: A Atenção Domiciliar é realizada em todas as Unidades de Saúde da Família de Itatiba. No município, há o total de 19 equipes, mas apenas 16 enfermeiros participaram do estudo. Observou-se que a Atenção Domiciliar é realizada em 100% das unidades, mas a maneira com que cada uma define seus critérios é divergente e, apesar de muitas conhecerem os protocolos já existentes para este fim, não os utilizam na sua prática diária alegando falta de orientação ou educação permanente para assegurar a utilização dos protocolos. O uso de recursos como o matriciamento, o acesso ao SISAB e os dados coletados pelos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, também costuma ser ignorado para definir quando ou quem irá realizar esta assistência. Conclusão: Por fim, observa-se que mesmo não existindo um protocolo linear as enfermeiras se esforçam com as ferramentas que possuem para a atenção domiciliar, porém tendo dificuldades em garantir a equidade desta assistência. Ao final do estudo, apresentamos duas escalas, como sugestão, na elaboração dos protocolos sugeridos para classificação deste público específico tratado na investigação e a reflexão de utilizar a ciência da implementação para reorganizar o trabalho.

Atenção domiciliar: os desafios das práticas profissionais de Enfermagem em Unidade de Saúde da Família na cidade de Itatiba-SP: resumo executivo / Home Care: Nursery Professional Practice Challenges in a Family Health Unit in the city of Itatiba-SP: executive summary

A Atenção Domiciliar é uma das práticas assistenciais feita na atenção básica e por profissionais de nível superior, que também oferece cuidados de saúde e uma série de benefícios tanto para o paciente quanto para os sistemas de saúde. Esta prática visa proporcionar cuidados humanizados e personalizados no conforto do lar ao lado dos familiares e cuidadores, promovendo a continuidade do tratamento e a melhoria da qualidade de vida.

Chronic Bedridden Condition Is Reflected by Substantial Changes in Plasma Inflammatory Profile.

Absent or reduced physical activity and spontaneous movement over days, weeks, or even years may lead to problems in almost every major organ/system in the human body. In this study, we investigated whether the dysregulation and alteration of plasma protein inflammatory profiling can stratify chronic bedridden conditions observed in 22 elderly chronic bedridden (CBR) individuals with respect to 11 age-matched active (OLD) controls. By using a combination of immune-assay multiplex techniques, a complex of 27 inflammatory mediators was assessed in the plasma collected from the two groups. A specific plasma protein signature is indeed able to distinguish IPO individuals from age-matched OLD controls; while significantly (p < 0.001) higher protein levels of IL-2, IL-7, and IL-12p70 were measured in the plasma of CBR with respect to OLD individuals, significantly (p < 0.01) higher levels of seven inflammatory mediators, including IL-9, PDGF-b, CCL4 (MIP-1b), CCL5 (RANTES), IL-1Ra, CXCL10 (IP10), and CCL2 (MCP-1), were identified in OLD individuals with respect to CBR individuals. These data suggest that the chronic absence of physical activity may contribute to the dysregulation of a complex molecular pattern occurring with ageing and that specific plasma protein signatures may represent potential biomarkers as well as new potential therapeutic targets for new treatments aimed at improving health expectancy.

Comparación entre las escalas Norton, Braden y EMINA originales y las escalas Braden y EMINA modificadas para pacientes inmovilizados en atención domiciliaria / Comparison between Norton, Braden and EMINA original scales and Braden and EMINA modified scales for immobilized patients in home care

Objetivo: General: Clasificar en niveles de riesgo a los pacientes según las escalas Norton, EMINA y Braden originales y las escalas Braden y EMINA modificadas para pacientes de atención domiciliaria incluidos en programa de inmovilizados. Específicos: a) analizar la concordancia entre las escalas y su nivel de significación; b) determinar la incidencia de lesiones por presión en los pacientes valorados con las escalas Braden y EMINA modificadas para pacientes inmovilizados incluidos en programa de atención domiciliaria. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal del total de los pacientes incluidos dentro del programa de atención domiciliaria, inmovilizados, de un cupo de enfermería. Muestra conceptual de 45 pacientes. El estudio se desarrolló en la Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Algarrobo, perteneciente al Área de Gestión Sanitaria Este de Málaga-Axarquía, desde enero 2021 hasta julio 2021. Resultados: Al comparar las escalas originales con la escala Braden modificada para pacientes inmovilizados en atención domiciliaria, se obtuvo un valor de kappa de 0,0727 con la escala Norton, de 0,404 con la escala Braden original y de 0,286 con la escala EMINA original. Los valores de kappa para la comparación entre la escala EMINA modificada para pacientes inmovilizados en atención domiciliaria y las originales arrojaron un resultado de 0,345 con Norton, de 0,503 con Braden original y de 0,5 con EMINA original. Al terminar el estudio se registraron 5 pacientes que habían padecido úlceras por presión, 4 fuera del ámbito de la atención domiciliaria y 1 con úlceras de Kennedy. Conclusiones: Las escalas Norton, Braden y EMINA originales catalogan como de alto riesgo a más pacientes que las escalas Braden y EMINA modificadas para pacientes inmovilizados en atención domiciliaria (AU)

Objective: General: Classify in risk levels the patients according to scales Norton, EMINA and Braden originals and Braden and EMINA modified scales for patients in home care included in the immobilized programme. Specifics: a) analysis the concordance between the scales and its significance level; b)determine the incidence of pressure ulcers in patients evaluated with Braden and EMINA scales modified for immobilized patients included in the home care program. Methodology:Longitudinal descriptive study of the total of patients included in the home care program, immobilized, of a nursing quota. Conceptual sample of 45 patients. The study was carried out in the Clinical Management Unit of Algarrobo, belonging to the Area of Health Management East of Málaga-Axarquía. From January 2021 to July 2021. Results: Comparing the original scales with the Braden modified scale for immobilized patients in Home Care, a Kappa value of 0.0727 was obtained with the Norton scale, 0.404 with the original Braden scale and 0.286 with the original EMINA scale. Kappa values for the comparison between the modified EMINA scale for patients immobilized in home care and the original ones yielded a result of 0.345 with Norton, 0.503 with original Braden and 0.5 with original EMINA. At the end of the study, 5 patients were registered having suffered pressure ulcers, 4 outside the scope of home care and 1 with Kennedy ulcers. Conclusions: Norton, Braden and EMINA original scales lists as high-risk more patients than the modified Braden and EMINA scales for patients immobilized in home care. The agreement between the original and modified scales for patients immobilized in home care is mild or moderate, with high levels of significance, due to changes in cut-off points of modified scales for home care. The incidence found there are no studies that refer to modified scales for home care. Non-validated scales continue to be applying for the home care environment(AU)

Ciclo de charlas: Envejecimiento activo y salud de las personas mayores. Segundo Encuentro. Caídas y síndrome de inmunización

En esta charlo, el doctor Máximo Etchepareborda, responsable del Programa de Envejecimiento Activo y Salud para las Personas Mayores trata las siguientes cuestiones en referencia a las Caídas y el Síndrome de Inmovilización: Los gigantes de la geriatría (Bernard Isaacs, 1975); La Inmovilidad y la Inestabilidad en relación a las caídas de las personas mayores; Definición de Caída, según la OMS; Caídas como causas predominantes de lesiones; Tipos de lesiones/accidentes; Impacto en los ingresos hospitalarios en los adultos mayores; Datos estadísticos; Estructuras más lesionadas tras una caída; Lugares de la casa con mayor frecuencia de caídas; ¿Qué sucede cuando una persona mayor se cae? Impacto en la autonomía del adulto mayor; Otras causas para la pérdida de autonomía; Factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos de las caídas; Prevención de caídas: Prevención primaria y Educación para la salud; Pruebas sencillas para detectar alteraciones en la marcha y riesgo de caídas; Prevención secundaria y terciaria y Las caídas como problema de salud. Por último, con respecto al Síndrome de Inmovilidad desarrolla los siguientes ítems: Definición; Escala de fuerza muscular de Daniels; Necesidad de registro en la Historia Clínica: el rol fundamental de los enfermeros; Tratamiento. Cuidados hacia una persona mayor inmóvil; Rehabilitación y aproximación progresiva al movimiento.