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2.
Womens Health (Lond) ; 20: 17455057241233113, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38426373

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although participation in paid work improves women's quality of life and well-being, the health benefits decline for women with young children. Implementing family-friendly work conditions is one strategy for improving working women's well-being, especially those with competing unpaid work responsibilities. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the extent to which accessibility and use of 11 specific family-friendly work conditions were associated with physical health, anxiety and depression in Malaysian women with young children. DESIGN: A cross-sectional design using a retrospective self-complete, anonymous, online survey was conducted between March and October 2021. METHODS: Women with a child aged 5 years or less (N = 190) completed an online survey measuring their exposure (availability and use) to 11 specific family-friendly work conditions, and their physical health, anxiety, and depression. The sample included women who were currently and recently working and with both formal and informal employment. RESULTS: After accounting for potential confounders, women who used paid maternity leave have a lower likelihood of having anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION: Future research is needed to extend the findings from this study by over-sampling women who are informally employed and not currently working. Policy creation and development processes, including research and decision-making, should be led by and inclusive of women. For example, research funding could be allocated to 'lived experience' research that privileges the co-design of research with consumers. Based on these findings, the extent to which family-friendly work conditions fulfill their intent to improve the well-being for working women requires further critique.


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Emprego
3.
4.
Multimedia | Recursos Multimídia | ID: multimedia-12931

RESUMO

Em comemoração ao Agosto Dourado, o mês do aleitamento materno no Brasil, trouxemos um tema importante para todas as mulheres trabalhadoras que amamentam: o Programa Empresa Cidadã, que oferece o benefício da licença-maternidade estendida para 6 meses, como preconiza a Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria (SBP). Para falar sobre esse tema, a nossa convidada desta edição é a dra. Dolores Fernandez, do Departamento Científico de Aleitamento Materno da SBP.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Promoção da Saúde , Retorno ao Trabalho , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Condições de Trabalho , Licença Parental/legislação & jurisprudência , Webcast
5.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1333867, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38410667

RESUMO

Aims: This study aimed to construct a model that describes heart health behaviors in middle-aged working women and verify the goodness-of-fit of the model based on Salutogenesis. Methods and results: This study adopted a cross-sectional design. Participants were 330 middle-aged working women in South Korea. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling with Sobel's Z test. In the multiple mediation model, stress coping strategy (ß = 0.26; p < 0.001), social support (ß = 0.41; p < 0.001), and health self-efficacy (ß = 0.36; p < 0.001) had significant direct effects on sense of coherence (SOC). SOC had a significant direct effect on occupational (ß = -0.72; p < 0.001) and family stress (ß = -0.76; p < 0.001). Additionally, SOC (ß = 0.67; p < 0.001), occupational stress (ß = -0.46; p < 0.001), and family stress (ß = -0.28; p < 0.001) had significant direct effects on heart health behaviors. Moreover, SOC had a significantly partial mediating effect on heart health behaviors through occupational stress (Z = 3.17; p = 0.002) and family stress (Z = 2.26; p = 0.024). Conclusion: Occupational and family stress mediated the relationship between SOC and heart health behaviors in middle-aged working women. Clinical evidence: Interventions that mitigate occupational and family stress may improve heart health behaviors among middle-aged working women.


Assuntos
Estresse Ocupacional , Senso de Coerência , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Estresse Psicológico , Estudos Transversais , Análise de Classes Latentes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estresse Ocupacional/prevenção & controle
6.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 24(1): 99, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38302881

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Korean government seeks to balance work and family and alleviate low fertility by implementing a parental leave system. This study aimed to identify the impact of the parental leave system on childbirth among married working women in South Korea. METHODS: This study used three-year follow-up data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (2016, 2018, and 2020). The number of participants was 324 at baseline. Logistic regressions using a generalized estimating equation model were performed to examine the impact of parental leave on childbirth. Sub-analyses of covariates, childbirth support, and parental leave systems were conducted. RESULTS: Of workers covered by the parental leave system, 31.7% considered childbirth. Women covered by parental leave were 3.63 times more likely to plan childbirth (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32-9.99). The tendency to plan childbirth was pronounced among those in their early 30s (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 7.20) and those who thought that having children was necessary (AOR, 4.30). Child planning was more influenced by leave support (AOR, 6.61) than subsidies. CONCLUSIONS: Parental leave systems can have a positive impact on working married women's childbirth plans. Although this system was effective in a group interested in childbirth, it did not create a fundamental child plan. Time support is more important than money concerning childbirth plans. The parental leave system had an impact on childbirth plan. Appropriate parenting policies can effectively increase the fertility rate.


Assuntos
Licença Parental , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Gravidez , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Seguimentos , Estudos Longitudinais , Inquéritos e Questionários
8.
Adv Nutr ; 15(3): 100179, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38246350

RESUMO

Around the world, paid work without appropriate structural support is a key barrier to optimal breastfeeding practices. To better protect, promote, and support optimal breastfeeding practices among working women in Africa, this scoping review sought to understand how paid work influences infant feeding practices in the first 6 mo of life and what support women need to manage work and optimal infant feeding practices. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Global Health, and CINAHL Plus, screened 2436 abstracts, and reviewed 322 full-text articles using Covidence for review and charting. We identified 203 articles that met the inclusion criteria. We identified 32 quantitative, 10 qualitative, 3 mixed-methods, and 2 review articles that focused on examining the relationship between work and breastfeeding, and 109 quantitative, 22 qualitative, 21 mixed-methods, and 4 review articles that included work as part of broader breastfeeding research but did not focus on work. Most studies reported a significant negative association between work and exclusive breastfeeding. Three major domains were reported in the qualitative studies: challenges to managing work and infant feeding, receiving support from employers and family members/caregivers, and strategies for feeding infants when the mother is working. Reviewed studies proposed recommendations to increase support for breastfeeding through changes to policies and support within worksites, the health system, and childcare; however, evidence of previously implemented policies or programs is limited. We recommend more consistent definitions and measurement of women's work. Future research is needed on the impact of implementing various strategies and benefits for breastfeeding at workplaces, as well as efforts to support breastfeeding among informal workers.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Lactente , Humanos , Feminino , Mães , Local de Trabalho , África
9.
Obstet Gynecol ; 143(4): e107-e124, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38207334

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review to assess the association between the length of maternity leave and breastfeeding duration in the United States. DATA SOURCES AND METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: This review was conducted with a five-stage model for reviews. We included publications from 2000 to 2023, U.S.-based studies written in English, and primary research and peer-reviewed articles. In February 2023, a medical librarian conducted a search across seven databases, yielding 1,540 results. ClinicalTrials.gov was later searched, yielding no results. After duplicates were removed, 835 abstracts were screened. A full-text article review was then conducted of the remaining 34 articles. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Twenty-three articles met inclusion criteria, two of which were reviews. Of the nonreview articles, all found a positive relationship between increased maternity leave and duration of breastfeeding. Data showed that earlier return to work for the birth parent decreased the odds of breastfeeding dyads meeting breastfeeding recommendations. Many studies adjusted for confounders (eg, race, socioeconomic status); however, Black or Latinx mothers still experience shorter breastfeeding durations or lower breastfeeding exclusivity when given equal leave compared with White mothers. CONCLUSION: Results show a positive relationship between length of maternity leave and breastfeeding duration. Advocacy for longer, paid parental leave and more robust research rooted in rigorous methods are needed.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Estados Unidos , Licença Parental , Emprego , Mães
10.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 1248, 2024 01 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38218900

RESUMO

Sleep disorders can adversely affect physical, sexual, and marital health, particularly among middle-aged women. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep quality and marital satisfaction of working women during the premenopausal period. In this cross-sectional study, we selected 150 women working at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran was selected using random cluster sampling. A demographic information form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication, and Happiness (ENRICH) marital satisfaction scale were used for data collection. The Data were analyzed using SPSS.22 software at a significance level of P < 0.05. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to predict sleep quality based on marital satisfaction. Our results showed that 79 (52.7%) of the participants had undesirable sleep quality, 87 (58%) had high marital satisfaction, and 32 (21.3%) had very high marital satisfaction. Regression analysis revealed that the total marital satisfaction score could not predict the sleep quality score of the participants. However, as dimensions of marital satisfaction, personality issues negatively (ß = 0.327, P < 0.05) and ideological orientation positively (ß = 0.336, P < 0.01) predicted the sleep quality score. Based on the prediction of the sleep quality score by personality issues and ideological orientations among the dimensions of marital satisfaction, it seems that life skills training, especially in these two dimensions, may improve the quality of sleep and, as a result, the physical and mental health of working women.


Assuntos
Pré-Menopausa , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Feminino , Qualidade do Sono , Estudos Transversais , Satisfação Pessoal
11.
BMC Womens Health ; 24(1): 62, 2024 01 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38263186

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Work-life conflict (WLC) is important in organizational behavior research and human resource management. The present research aimed to investigate the underlying causes, consequences, and solutions to WLC in Iranian working women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present qualitative study was conducted through a content analysis method among 19 working married women in Birjand, a city in the east of Iran, from December 2021 to February 2022. To collect the data, semi-structured interviews were held. The average interview time was 45 minutes, and all interviews were recorded upon the participants' consent. Finally, after coding, the information was analyzed with MAXQDA software. FINDINGS: The causes of conflict included 4 main categories of individual, interpersonal, organizational, and cultural factors, with seven subcategories: the pressure of the mother's role at home, personality traits, lack of individual skills, insufficient support, work characteristics, organizational policies, and the traditional role of women in society. The consequences of conflict included 2 main categories, Decreasing quality of life and work problems with 4 subcategories: physical and mental illnesses, forgetting one's role towards others, limiting social communication, and reducing productivity. Conflict resolution methods included 3 main classes of individual-oriented, other-oriented, and organization-oriented with 8 subclasses: program-oriented, meaning-oriented, emotion-oriented, avoidance, emotional support, instrumental and work support, support work policies, and correct management views. CONCLUSION: To solve the problem of conflict, different aspects should be considered and help to solve this challenge by influencing each dimension.


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Humanos , Feminino , Irã (Geográfico) , Equilíbrio Trabalho-Vida , Causalidade
12.
Womens Health (Lond) ; 20: 17455057231225539, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38279820

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although a significant lack of physical activity has been linked to an increase in obesity among Emirati women, the factors associated with accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times in Emirati women remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: To explore the association of accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times with sociodemographic, anthropometric, and sleep quality factors among Emirati working women. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: A convenience sample of 163 healthy working Emirati women aged 18-45 years was used. Sedentary and physical activity times were measured using the Fibion accelerometers worn on the thighs for 4-7 days. General demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and self-reported sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index score) were collected. Only participants who had valid data (i.e. wear time of ⩾600 min (10 h) per day for a minimum of 4-7 days) were evaluated. All values were normalized to a 16-h day to mitigate differences in wear time among the participants. RESULTS: Overall, 110 Emirati women were included. The mean sitting time per 16-h day was 11.6 ± 1.1 h; mean moderate activity time per day, 40.88 ± 17.99 min; and mean vigorous activity time per day, 2.41 ± 1.21 min. Longer sitting time was associated with high body fat, secondary education, and divorce. Sitting time was reduced in those with good sleep quality. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time was increased in women with postgraduate education and was decreased in women with a longer work experience and with comorbidities. The total activity time increased with increasing age and good sleep quality, whereas it decreased with increasing body fat, presence of at least one comorbidity, secondary education, and divorce. CONCLUSION: Certain demographic, anthropometric, and sleep quality factors were associated with accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times among Emirati working women. Future longitudinal studies should consider these factors when investigating predictors of physical activity levels in this population.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Feminino , Humanos , Acelerometria , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Pandemias , Postura Sentada , Qualidade do Sono , Emirados Árabes Unidos/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
13.
Soc Sci Med ; 340: 116418, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37992613

RESUMO

The COVID-19 pandemic had detrimental and unequal repercussions on mental health. To date there is little evidence exploring how motherhood and workplace size moderates this relationship for working women. This study aimed to estimate changes in working women's mental health at the start of each UK lockdown and estimate the effect of motherhood and workplace size on mental health. We used Understanding Society data from women in paid employment, who participated in at least: one pre-COVID-19 Wave (9 or 10/11) and one COVID-19 lockdown wave (Lockdown 1: April 2020, Lockdown 2: November 2020, Lockdown 3: January 2021). Primary outcome was probable psychological distress (i.e., score≥4 in the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12)). In Model 1, exposure was motherhood (binary), interacting with a variable that split time in the pre-pandemic and lockdown periods. In Model 2, workplace size (Micro:1-24, Medium: 25-199, Large: More than 200 employees) was added as an exposure (3-way interaction) to investigate moderation effects. We fitted mixed-effects logistic regression models, adjusting for age, ethnicity, UK country of residence, cohabitation, educational qualifications, working hours, furlough, subjective financial difficulty and previous health condition. In the adjusted Model 1, pre-pandemic, odds of GHQ-12 caseness were lower for mothers compared to non-mothers (OR:0.89 95%CI:0.77,1.03). However post-pandemic compared to pre-pandemic, odds for mothers were higher than non-mothers, especially during lockdown 3 (Non-mothers: OR:1.93 95%CI:1.69,2.20; Mothers: OR:2.87 95%CI:2.36,3.49). In Model 2, workplace size did not modify the relationship. Pre-pandemic, there was no difference in the odds of GHQ-12 caseness by workplace size; however, the differences observed in Lockdown 3 between non-mothers and mothers, are mainly attributed to differences in medium-sized enterprises (Non-mothers: OR:1.95 95%CI:1.53,2.48; Mothers: OR:3.56 95%CI:2.54,4.99). Future policies should be designed to facilitate the working lives of mothers, but especially for medium-sized enterprises as extreme uncertainty appears to affect these employees more.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Feminino , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Pandemias , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Local de Trabalho
14.
J Occup Environ Med ; 66(3): 216-225, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38083798

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine working mothers' experiences with returning to work after giving birth, work-family conflict, breastfeeding, and mental health. METHODS: A sequential, mixed methods design was used to administer an online survey to capture job characteristics and perceptions of work-family conflict among first-time mothers in Georgia who gave birth within the previous year ( N = 26). Then, interviews were conducted to understand their experiences with returning to work, work-family conflict, breastfeeding, and mental health. RESULTS: Many participants worked in educational settings and returned to full-time work after giving birth. Qualitative themes from 12 interviews captured the context of participants' work environments, types of work-family conflict, and factors that alleviated work-family conflict. CONCLUSIONS: Employers need to incorporate support for work-family conflict and perinatal mental health into workplace breastfeeding programs and maternity leave policies.


Assuntos
Aleitamento Materno , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Aleitamento Materno/psicologia , Saúde Mental , Conflito Familiar , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/psicologia , Mães/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/psicologia
15.
Soc Sci Med ; 341: 116527, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38160606

RESUMO

RATIONALE: While previous research has primarily examined the mental health implications of experiencing racial or gender discrimination in the workplace within a Western context, there remains a gap in understanding the impact of perceptions of workplace gender discrimination (WGD) on mental health in Asian countries. Additionally, the potential moderating role of job satisfaction in this relationship is yet to be thoroughly explored. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between perceptions of WGD and depressive symptoms, independent of an individual's personal experiences of workplace discrimination. This study also examined whether this association is moderated by job satisfaction, distinguishing between intrinsic satisfaction (related to recognition of performance and achievement) and extrinsic satisfaction (related to wages, workplace relationships, and welfare). METHODS: The data utilized for this study were collected from 2170 employed women over four waves (eight years) of the Korea Women Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families, between 2012 and 2020. Fixed effects (FE) models were utilized to account for unobserved individual heterogeneity. RESULTS: FE estimates indicated that perceptions of WGD is significantly associated with an increase in depressive symptoms (b = 0.577, p < 0.001), even after controlling for personal experiences of workplace discrimination. Interaction analyses further revealed that this association is moderated by extrinsic job satisfaction (b = -0.318, p < 0.05), but not intrinsic job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The perceptions of WGD may be a potential pathway by which gender inequalities at the workplace harms women's mental health. Interventions to reduce gender discrimination and enhance extrinsic job satisfaction may contribute to improving the mental health of working women.


Assuntos
Satisfação no Emprego , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Humanos , Feminino , Sexismo , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/psicologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , República da Coreia , Inquéritos e Questionários
16.
Soc Sci Med ; 340: 116501, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38103496

RESUMO

RATIONALE: Despite a growing body of empirical evidence on the detrimental effects of work-family conflict (WFC) on psychological health, little attention has been given to whether educational mismatch in the workplace, which refers to the perceived level of match between one's attained education and the required educational level for a position, may exacerbate these effects. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between WFC, educational mismatch, and depressive symptoms in Korean working women, with a particular focus on the potential moderating effects of educational mismatch on the association between WFC and depressive symptoms. METHODS: The data utilized for this study were collected from 5174 married working women over five waves (16,610 person-observations) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families spanning 8 years between 2012 and 2020. Fixed effects (FE) models were estimated to account for unobserved individual-level heterogeneity. RESULTS: FE estimates indicated that WFC is associated with an increase in depressive symptoms, even after accounting for unobserved confounding factors and time-varying covariates. The interaction model provides evidence for the moderating role of educational mismatch in the association between WFC and depressive symptoms. The positive association between WFC and depressive symptoms was more pronounced among those who perceive themselves as "overeducated." The estimated coefficient for the association was about 45% larger for those who perceive themselves as "overeducated" than their "well-matched" counterparts. CONCLUSION: The study's findings suggest a robust link between WFC and depressive symptoms and further elaborate on how this association varies depending on educational mismatch. In Korea, where conservative gender role norms of female-caregiver ideology are still prevalent, WFC and educational mismatch can act as double jeopardy, exacerbating the mental health of working women.


Assuntos
Conflito Familiar , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Humanos , Feminino , Conflito Familiar/psicologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/etiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Escolaridade , República da Coreia/epidemiologia
17.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 29: e55777, 2024.
Artigo em Português | LILACS, Index Psicologia - Periódicos | ID: biblio-1529194

RESUMO

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar o impacto do isolamento social decorrente da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre a vida familiar, com ênfase na vivência da maternidade e na relação com os filhos. Participaram 20 mães de camadas sociais médias, de 29 a 45 anos, que mantinham atividades laborais a distância e estavam em isolamento social. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais em profundidade por meio digital. O material coletado foi transcrito e submetido à análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados mostraram que as mudanças impostas pela pandemia impactaram diretamente a vida familiar, explicitando as desigualdades de gênero na organização da rotina, distribuição de tarefas domésticas e cuidados parentais. Observou-se uma relação ambivalente das mães com a maternidade e com seus imperativos sociais, que reverberam no vínculo que estabelecem com seus filhos. A análise revela que a sobrecarga emocional e física contribui para exacerbar sentimentos de culpa e solidão vivenciados na relação com a maternidade, além de evidenciar conflitos no desempenho dos papéis de mãe, esposa e profissional. As entrevistadas demonstraram exaustão com as demandas domésticas e de cuidados com os filhos, além de conflitos relacionados ao descompasso entre expectativas e padrões sociais que regulam o exercício da maternidade e suas experiências pessoais como mães. As conclusões sugerem a presença de uma crise identitária relacionada aos ideais sociais vinculados às vivências da maternidade, o que convida a pensar na urgência de se olhar para o sofrimento materno, buscando compreender as dimensões subjetivas das transformações que perpassam essa experiência na vigência do isolamento social.


RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los efectos del aislamiento social resultante de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la vida familiar, con énfasis en la experiencia de la maternidad y la relación con los niños. Participaron 20 madres de estratos sociales medios, de 29 a 45 años de edad, que mantenían actividades laborales a distancia y se encontraban en aislamiento social. Se realizaron entrevistas individuales exhaustivas por medios digitales. El material recopilado se transcribió y se sometió a un análisis de contenido temático. Los resultados mostraron que los cambios impuestos por la pandemia afectaban directamente a la vida familiar, lo que explicaba las desigualdades de género en la organización rutinaria, la distribución de las tareas domésticas y el cuidado de los niños. Se observó una relación ambivalente entre las madres y la maternidad y sus imperativos sociales, que reverberaban en el vínculo que establecen con sus hijos. El análisis revela que la sobrecarga emocional y física contribuye a exacerbar los sentimientos de culpa y soledad experimentados en la relación con la maternidad, además de mostrar conflictos en el desempeño de los papeles de madre, esposa y profesional. Las mujeres entrevistadas mostraron agotamiento con las demandas domésticas y el cuidado de sus hijos, además de conflictos relacionados con el desajuste entre las expectativas y las normas sociales que regulan el ejercicio de la maternidad y sus experiencias personales como madres. Las conclusiones sugieren la presencia de una crisis de identidad ligada a los ideales sociales vinculados a las experiencias de la maternidad, lo que invita a pensar en la urgencia de mirar el sufrimiento materno, tratando de comprender las dimensiones subjetivas de las transformaciones en tiempos de aislamiento social.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the impacts of the social isolation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic on family life, with emphasis on the experience of motherhood and the relationship with children. Twenty mothers from the middle social strata, from 29 to 45 years old, who kept working activities at a distance and were in social isolation, participated. In-depth individual interviews were conducted by digital means. The collected material was transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. The results showed that the changes imposed by the pandemic directly impacted family life, highlighting gender inequalities in routine organization, distribution of household tasks and parental care. An ambivalent relationship was observed between mothers and maternity and their social imperatives, which reverberated in the bond they establish with their children. The analysis reveals that emotional and physical burden contributes to exacerbate feelings of guilt and loneliness experienced in the relationship with motherhood, in addition to showing conflicts in the performance of the roles of mother, wife and professional. The women interviewed showed exhaustion with domestic and child care demands, in addition to conflicts related to the mismatch between expectations and social standards that regulate the exercise of motherhood and their personal experiences as mothers. The conclusions suggest the presence of an identity crisis due to the social ideals linked to the experiences of motherhood, which invites us to think about the urgency of looking at maternal suffering, seeking to understand the subjective dimensions of the transformations that this experience goes through in the times of social isolation.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Mulheres Trabalhadoras/psicologia , Quarentena/psicologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Mães/psicologia , Psicanálise , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Família/psicologia , Características da Família , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Cônjuges/psicologia , Emoções/fisiologia , Solidão/psicologia
18.
São Paulo; s.n; 20231211. 156 p.
Tese em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1519329

RESUMO

Movimentos históricos pela reforma psiquiátrica configuraram a Saúde Mental enquanto campo de saberes e práticas. Isso possibilitou o enfrentamento ao paradigma psiquiátrico, outrora absoluto, sobre o fenômeno da loucura, e instaurou um processo social complexo de mudanças em conceitos, estruturas de serviços e práticas no contexto da assistência às pessoas em sofrimento psíquico. O cuidado em saúde mental na Atenção Básica está previsto em documentos do Ministério da Saúde. Esta previsibilidade do âmbito político-jurídico, entretanto, parece não encontrar correspondência no âmbito técnico assistencial, onde atuam as trabalhadoras, que por sua vez estão submetidas a exigências de produtividade em meio a aumentos de procura por atendimentos e inseguranças no manejo das demandas por saúde mental. Nesse contexto, nota-se que há um descompasso entre o que a política pública propõe e o que o serviço consegue realizar. Um olhar sobre as perspectivas e entendimentos que emergem no entre desses dois âmbitos pode indicar cenários sobre os quais seja possível a proposição de caminhos alternativos de enfrentamento aos atuais desafios. O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no território de MBoi Mirim, Distrito do Jardim Ângela, em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde na região sul do município de São Paulo. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa que objetiva identificar, a partir da perspectiva de trabalhadoras de saúde, cenários que se manifestam nos âmbitos das políticas e práticas no contexto da assistência às demandas por saúde mental na Atenção Básica. O trabalho foi teoricamente orientado pelas contribuições epistêmicas do campo da Saúde Mental, enquanto campo de saber e prática, tem o Grupo Focal como principal instrumento de escuta das trabalhadoras e a Análise de Conteúdo como meio de interpretar. Ofertar atendimento às demandas por saúde mental no contexto da Atenção Básica ainda é um desafio que está para além das complexidades próprias dessas demandas. Este é um terreno repleto de ambiguidades e contradições, atravessado por questões que, por um lado, apontam para concepções e práticas dos trabalhadores que atuam nesse nível de atenção no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sobre o fenômeno da loucura e, por outro, dizem sobre a natureza de certas políticas públicas de saúde mental, cujos programas são implantados e implementados visando atender a projetos de governos, de viés ideológico, sem entregar, de fato, o que prometem ao usuário dos serviços.


Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , Atenção , Mulheres Trabalhadoras , Saúde , Saúde Mental , Desinstitucionalização , Políticas
19.
Asclepio ; 75(2): e23, Juli-Dic. 2023. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228670

RESUMO

El artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar como la institucionalización de la especialización en salud pública en Brasil abrió oportunidades para la capacitación y la profesionalización de mujeres a partir de los años 1920. El análisis busca avanzar en la historiografía en lo que toca al desempeño y especialización de las mujeres en el campo de la salud pública en un periodo, hasta entonces, poco estudiado, sobrepasando la Primera República brasileña (1889-1930), hasta 1960. La delimitación del marco temporal se realizó en función de las fuentes, es decir, la documentación de los cursos del Instituto Oswaldo Cruz y los formularios de registro e inscripción de las alumnas, que se encuentran bajo la tutela de la Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Fundación Oswaldo Cruz.(AU)


The article aims at demonstrating how the institutionalisation of specialisation in public health in Brazil opened up opportunities for the training and professionalisation of women from the 1920s onwards. The analysis seeks to advance the historiography regarding the performance and specialisation of women in the field of public health during a period until then little studied, extending beyond the First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930), until 1960. The delimitation of the time frame was based on the arquives, i.e. the documentation of the courses of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute and the registration and enrolment forms of the students, which are under the care of the House of Oswaldo Cruz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Saúde Pública/educação , História do Século XX , Direitos da Mulher , Identidade de Gênero , Institucionalização , Especialização , Brasil , Mulheres/educação , Mulheres Trabalhadoras
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