Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 4.352
Filtrar
1.
Glob Public Health ; 19(1): 2326631, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468161

RESUMO

This special issue aims to help fill two critical gaps in the growing literature as well as in practice. First, to bring together scholars and practitioners from around the world who develop, practice, review, and question structural competency with the aim of promoting a dialogue with related approaches, such as Latin American Social Medicine, Collective Health, and others, which have been key in diverse geographical and social settings. Second, to contribute to expanding structural competency beyond clinical medicine to include other health-related areas such as social work, global health, public health practice, epidemiological research, health policy, community organisation and beyond. This conceptual expansion is currently taking place in structural competency, and we hope that this volume will help to raise awareness and reinforce what is already happening. In sum, this collection of articles puts structural competency more rigorously and actively in conversation with different geographic, political, social, and professional contexts worldwide. We hope this conversation sparks further development in scholarly, political and community movements for social and health justice.


Assuntos
Política de Saúde , Medicina Social , Humanos , Saúde Global
2.
Gesundheitswesen ; 86(3): 177-181, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38316406

RESUMO

Manfred Pflanz, an internist with his focus on social medicine, medical sociology and epidemiology, (1923-1980) played a key role in the institutional integration of social science expertise into medicine in the Federal Republic of Germany during the 1960s and 70 s. The present study, a biographic sketch of Pflanz, describes his work, his programmatic ideas on social medicine and medical sociology, and his activities as an expert consultant in public health for various political entities. This should enable getting an insight into the origins and ramifications, as well as the contemporary programs and international embeddedness of the overlapping fields of social medicine and medical sociology in Germany.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , Alemanha , Sociologia Médica , Saúde Pública , Institucionalização
3.
Glob Public Health ; 19(1): 2308706, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38373726

RESUMO

This commentary on the special issue of Global Public Health on structural competency in global perspective asks: what is specific to the U.S. about structural competency, and what is its utility beyond the U.S., especially in the 'global south'? Why are biomedical practitioners the focus of U.S. structural competency? And what can U.S. structural competency advocates learn from the deep and rich social medicine traditions of Latin America? And is there anything that Latin American and other non-U.S. social medicine traditions might learn from U.S. structural competency? The commentary identifies the crucial insights from international comparisons include that racial justice movements are Social Medicine innovators in the U.S., that cultivating allies within biomedicine can enhance the impact of community health movements, and that cross-fertilising U.S. Structural Competency and social medicine traditions across regions should be a priority for the fields.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , Saúde Pública , Justiça Social , América Latina , Saúde Global
5.
Glob Public Health ; 19(1): 2295443, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38147567

RESUMO

To explore the narrowing of the concept of 'global' in global health, this article traces how Latin America has held a place of both privilege and power as well as marginalisation in the field. We employ a modified extended case method to examine how Latin America has been 'seen' and 'heard' in understandings of global health, underscoring the region's shifting role as a key site for research and practice in 'tropical medicine' from the mid-nineteenth century through World War II, to a major player and recipient of development assistance throughout the 'international health' era after World War II until the late twentieth century, to a region progressively marginalised within 'global health' since the mid-1980s/1990s. We argue that the progressive marginalisation of Latin America and Southern theory has not only hurt health equity and services, but also demonstrates the fundamental flaws in contemporary 'global' thinking. The narrowing of global health constitutes coloniality of power, with Northern institutions largely defining priority regions and epistemic approaches to health globally, thus impoverishing the field from the intellectual resources, political experience, and wisdom of Latin America's long traditions of social medicine and collective health.


Assuntos
Saúde Global , Medicina Social , Humanos , América Latina
7.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38072452

RESUMO

The recruitment and training of early-career researchers are important for the development of science, especially in countries with low birth rates, such as Japan. In several academic societies for social medicine, early-career researchers have formed associations for the purposes of networking and career development. However, to date, little information about the activities of these associations has been shared. Therefore, we organized a symposium at the 93rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Hygiene (March 4, 2023) to introduce the early-career researcher associations that have been formed within five academic societies namely the Japanese Society for Hygiene, Japan Epidemiological Association, Japan Society for Occupational Health, Japan Society for Medical Education, and Japan Society for Healthcare Administration. In this paper, we summarize the activities, challenges, and future prospects of each association and their strategies for future development and collaboration on the basis of presentations and discussions at the symposium.


Assuntos
Médicos , Medicina Social , Humanos , Sociedades , Coeficiente de Natalidade , Higiene , Japão
8.
Comunidad (Barc., Internet) ; 25(2)JULIO-OCTUBRE 2023. graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223684

RESUMO

Introducción. La prescripción social es el proceso de recomendación de activos beneficiosos para la salud y bienestar. Para ello es necesario conocer los activos de la comunidad de trabajo. El fotovoz es una técnica de investigación participativa que permite conocer una comunidad con la fotografía.Objetivos. Elaborar un fotovoz con los activos de salud de la comunidad.Métodos. Se formó a profesionales y se hizo un paseo comunitario para identificar y fotografiar activos de la comunidad. Se hizo una puesta en común de las fotografías recogidas y una selección. Se creó un fotovoz que se expuso en el centro.Resultados. Un total de 17 profesionales sanitarios hicieron 91 fotografías a activos. Se hizo una selección y se llevó a cabo una discusión, y como resultado, se creó un fotovoz con 16 activos.Conclusión. El fotovoz es un proceso participativo basado en la comunidad que permite mejorar el conocimiento que los profesionales sanitarios tienen sobre los recursos de salud disponibles en su entorno y hacer una prescripción social. (AU)


Introduction. Social prescribing is the process of recommending assets beneficial to health and well-being. To do this, it is necessary to get to know the assets of the working community. Photovoice is a participatory research technique that enables getting to know a community with photography.Objectives. Prepare a Photovoice with community health assets.Methods. Professionals were trained and a community walk was held to identify and photograph community assets. A sharing the photographs collected and made a selection. A Photovoice was created and exhibited in the centre.Results. A total of 17 healthcare professionals took 91 asset photographs. A selection was made and a discussion held. As a result a photovoice was created with 16 assets.Conclusion. PhotoVoice is a community-based participatory process that enables improving health professionals' knowledge of the health resources available in their setting and enables social prescribing. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Pública/métodos , Medicina Social/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Serviços Básicos de Saúde , Espanha/etnologia
9.
Med Hist ; 67(3): 247-265, 2023 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37668379

RESUMO

John A. Ryle was Britain's first professor of Social Medicine. In the 1930s and 1940s, at the peak of his influence, he was a vigorous proponent of social medicine, then a relatively new, if contested, field. This article examines Ryle's views and activities under three broad headings: What was social medicine? What were Ryle's politics? Why prioritise medical education? We conclude with the apparent failure of the social medicine project, at least as envisioned by Ryle.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , Masculino , Política
11.
Med Hist ; 67(1): 1-4, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37461277

RESUMO

Our contributions examine the Norwegian Karl Evang's (1901-1981) and the Dane Halfdan Mahler's (1923-2016) participation in international health co-operation facilitated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in India in the 1950s. While Evang's was a hectic, but relatively short visit as part of a WHO visiting team of medical scientists in 1953, Mahler's spanned the entire decade on assignments as WHO medical officer to tuberculosis control projects. Mahler's name should be familiar to researchers of international health as the Director-General of the WHO 1973-88, and for his promotion of primary health care through the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration. Evang, Norway's Director of Health 1938-72, was also a key figure in international health in the mid-twentieth century as one of the original instigators of the WHO, and a participant in much of its early work.A core theme is the place of social medicine, both in Evang's and Mahler's work, and within the WHO and its navigation of complex postcolonial settings in the 1950s. Investigating cross-regional encounters and circulations of social medicine ideas between Evang and Mahler and their Indian interlocutors as well as international WHO staff members, we ask what the role of social medicine was in international health in the early post-war period. Researchers have found that social medicine had its heyday during the 1930s and 1940s, and that a technology-focused, vertical approach became dominant soon after the war. In contrast, we suggest that continued circulation of social medical ideas points towards a more complicated picture.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Saúde Global , Índia
12.
Med Hist ; 67(1): 5-22, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37461280

RESUMO

This article investigates how World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General Halfdan Mahler's views on health care were formed by his experience in India between 1951 and 1961. Mahler spent a large part of the 1950s in India assigned as WHO medical officer to tuberculosis control projects. It argues that Mahler took inspiration from the official endorsement of the doctrine of social medicine that prevailed in India; even if it was challenged by an increasing preference for vertical, techno-centric campaigns. It shows how, from the outset, Mahler was remarkably hostile towards the highly skilled, clinically oriented doctors, but embraced prevalent ideas of community participation. It suggests that Mahler - although he remained silent on the issue - was impressed by the importance and resilience of indigenous traditions of medicine, despite hostility from leading political figures. In this way, the article attempts to establish links to Mahler's advocacy of primary health care in the 1970s. A broad approach to health, scepticism toward clinically oriented doctors, preference for simple technologies and community participation, as well as an accommodating attitude towards indigenous practitioners, were all features of primary health care, which correlate well with views developed by Mahler as he negotiated social medicine in India between 1951 and 1961.


Assuntos
Negociação , Medicina Social , Masculino , Humanos , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Índia
13.
Surg Endosc ; 37(9): 6660-6671, 2023 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37439820

RESUMO

BACKGROUNDS: Chevalier Jackson (1865-1958) was a pioneering force in the medical world, whose extraordinary contributions to surgery and public health have left an indelible impact. He developed the endoscope and perfected the bronchoscope, and his mastery of these tools enabled him to transform the prognosis of foreign body aspiration from 98% mortality to 98% survival. He was also a passionate advocate of public health chairing the national committee on lye legislation, which culminated in the Caustic Poison Act, responsible for poison and antidote labels. Yet Jackson's accomplishments were not limited to these. The aim of this manuscript was to shed light on Chevalier Jackson's lesser-known contributions to surgical science and culture, and to celebrate and honor the life of this remarkable surgeon. METHODS: Digital and physical historical records from the National Library of Medicine, Smithsonian Institution, Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh PA, and Sunrise Mill Museum, Montgomery County PA were reviewed for Chevalier Jackson's scientific, cultural, and social contributions to the field of surgery. RESULTS: Among his lesser-known contributions, Chevalier Jackson was the first to describe erosive esophagitis. He developed the first standardized tracheotomy procedure, still in use today. He was ahead of his time in many ways, pioneering a multidisciplinary approach to medicine, advocating for patient-centered care, and advancing the inclusion of women in the medical profession. CONCLUSION: Chevalier Jackson's legacy extends far beyond the tools and techniques he invented. He was a champion of social justice, a protector of patients, and an inspiration to medical professionals across the globe.


Assuntos
Saúde Pública , Medicina Social , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , História do Século XIX , Endoscopia , Pennsylvania , Justiça Social
14.
Glob Public Health ; 18(1): 2220023, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37272349

RESUMO

ABSTRACTStructural competency is a recent framework for understanding and addressing the structural drivers of disease. Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health is a decades-long movement similarly concerned with the study and transformation of social structures to achieve health equity. In this paper, we put insights from Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health into conversation with the developing structural competency framework. We focus specifically on insights from Jaime Breilh's new article summarising his theoretical work on medical ethics and rights in this special issue and his new book, Critical Epidemiology and the People's Health. This paper is comprised of three parts. Part 1 provides an introduction to the structural competency framework. Part 2 provides an overview of the Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health movement, along with a summary of the social determination of health paradigm. Part 3 places insights from these works into conversation with structural competency and considers ways in which Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health might inform the further development of structural competency, and potentially vice versa. The paper closes by calling for greater attention to Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health among those committed to health equity within the anglophone world.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , América Latina
16.
Health Hum Rights ; 25(1): 105-117, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37266318

RESUMO

Global health equity is at a historically tenuous nexus complicated by economic inequality, climate change, mass migration, racialized violence, and global pandemics. Social medicine, collective health, and structural competency are interdisciplinary fields with their own histories and fragmentary implementation in health equity movements situated both locally and globally. In this paper, we review these three fields' historical backgrounds, theoretical underpinnings, and contemporary contributions to global health equity. We believe that intentional dialogue between these fields could promote a generative discourse rooted in a shared understanding of their historical antecedents and theoretical frameworks. We also propose pedagogical tools grounded within our own critical and transformative pedagogies that offer the prospect of bringing these traditions into greater dialogue for the purpose of actualizing the human right to health.


Assuntos
Equidade em Saúde , Medicina Social , Humanos , Direitos Humanos , Violência , Mudança Climática
18.
Glob Public Health ; 18(1): 2191685, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36947564

RESUMO

This study examines efforts to integrate social medicine into global health education and its potential to guide the new practice of structural competency. The methods employ participant observation and interviews with program coordinators and participants in a social medicine course. Areas of success included: pedagogical innovation, conscientizing course participants, decentralising global health practice, and promoting reflexivity. Accompanying these successes were points of friction, including: inequities in personal risk and mobility limitations among course participants, as well as complexities and nuances in unintentionally reproducing hierarchies of knowledge. Specifically, further recommendations from our research include: (1) incorporating innovative pedagogical approaches, which highlight social medicine practices outside the global north, prioritising opportunities for cross-collaboration among practitioners from the global south; (2) framing social theory as a bidirectional flow: global south traditions must be included in teaching social theory; (3) practising structural humility by highlighting the perspectives and expertise of communities experiencing social and structural marginalisation, while including strategies in organising and direct pathways to political engagement. These conclusions highlight how social medicine-based training can both build from and move beyond the competencies explicitly specified by the structural competency model to create a global health practice inclusive of diverse thought from around the world.


Assuntos
Saúde Global , Medicina Social , Humanos , Educação em Saúde , Currículo
20.
Rev Infirm ; 72(287): 16-18, 2023 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36801052

RESUMO

A review of the history leading from the creation of social medicine to the management of precariousness in the health field. We will define the main concepts (precariousness, poverty, social inequalities in health) and indicate the main barriers to access to care for people in precarious situations. Finally, we will give some guidelines for the healthcare community in order to improve care.


Assuntos
Medicina Social , Humanos , Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde , Instalações de Saúde
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...