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1.
Pap. psicol ; 45(1): 11-18, Ene-Abr, 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229711

RESUMO

En prisión existen programas específicos de tratamiento para condenados por agresión sexual a menores; sin embargo, quienes además tienen pedofilia, requieren una atención específica. El objetivo del presente estudio es doble: primero, ofrecer una propuesta de intervención específica para pedofilia en el entorno penitenciario basada en la evidencia científica disponible y complementaria al Programa de Control de la Agresión Sexual y después, justificar dicha propuesta a través del caso de un interno con pedofilia. En concreto, proponemos una intervención individual y centrada en personas con pedofilia; trabajando la baja autoestima, evaluando la ideación suicida y reestructurando las distorsiones cognitivas con menores, facilitando la creación de relaciones personales funcionales con adultos, evaluando la polivictimización pasada y su posible influencia sobre la conducta sexual posterior, proporcionar a los internos psicoeducación sobre pedofilia; atender de forma específica las fantasías sexuales con menores, evitando las conductas disexuales y la eliminación del consumo de material abusivo.(AU)


There are specific treatment programs in prisons for those convicted of sexually assaulting minors; however, those who also have pedophilia require specific attention. The aim of this study is twofold: first, to offer a specific intervention proposal for pedophilia in the prison setting based on the available scientific evidence, and complementary to the Sexual Assault Control Program, and second, to justify this proposal through the case of an inmate with pedophilia. Specifically, we propose an individual intervention focused on people with pedophilia; working on low self-esteem, assessing suicidal ideation and restructuring cognitive distortions with minors, facilitating the creation of functional personal relationships with adults, assessing past polyvictimization and its possible influence on subsequent sexual behavior, providing inmates with psychoeducation on pedophilia; specifically addressing sexual fantasies with minors, avoiding dyssexual behavior, and eliminating the consumption of abusive material.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Pedofilia/prevenção & controle , Delitos Sexuais , Abuso Sexual na Infância/prevenção & controle , Prisões , Psicologia , Psicologia Social
3.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 26(1): 9-17, Ene-Abr. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231142

RESUMO

Objetivos: El cuestionario de agresión (AQ) de Buss-Perry (Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire; Buss y Perry, 1992) es una medida utilizada en la población en general. Existe un debate sobre la interpretación de las puntuaciones y la utilidad de una versión más breve (AQ-SV [short version]). El objetivo de este estudio es analizar y comparar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión larga (AQ-LV [long version]) y la breve y comprobar la fiabilidad de la versión breve en una muestra de varones encarcelados. Material y método: La muestra estaba formada por 236 varones encarcelados (edad media de 40,4 años) del Centro Penitenciario Ocaña I (Toledo), que se ofrecieron a participar en el estudio. La muestra se seleccionó mediante la técnica de muestreo aleatorio por niveles, basada en el número de reclusos internos. También se incluyó una lista aleatoria de posibles sustitutos en caso de negativa a ser entrevistados, interrumpiéndose la sustitución en caso de dos negaciones consecutivas. Este estudio es un diseño descriptivo transversal. Resultados: La versión breve de la escala demostró un mejor ajuste que la versión larga, como indican los valores mayores del índice de ajuste comparativo (CFI, comparative fit index) y los menores del cuadrado medio residual ponderado (WRMR, weighted root mean square residual). El número de penas de prisión se asoció positivamente con la agresión física, la agresión verbal, la ira y la hostilidad. Los coeficientes fueron ligeramente superiores para la versión breve que para la versión larga. Discusión: La versión breve del cuestionario AQ es un instrumento válido y de utilidad para medir la agresividad en contextos penitenciarios en relación con la versión larga, y se correlaciona con subescalas de agresión con más fuerza que la versión larga.(AU)


Objectives: The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ; Buss & Perry, 1992) is a broad measurement tool used with the general public in Spain. There is some debate regarding the interpretation of AQ scores and the usefulness of a shorter version. The aim is to study and compare the psychometric properties of the long and short version of the AQ and check the reliability of the short version in a sample of male prisoners. Material and method: The sample was composed of 236 incarcerated males (mean age of 40.4 years of age) from Ocaña 1 prison center who volunteered to participate in the study. The sample was selected by using the tiered random sampling technique based on the internal inmate number. A random list of possible substitutes was also included in the event of refusal to be interviewed, with replacement being discontinued in the event of two consecutive refusals. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional design. Results: The short version of the scale demonstrated better adjustment than the long version, as indicated by the larger CFI and smaller WRMR values. The number of prison sentences was positively associated with physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. The coefficients were slightly higher for the short version of the scale than the long one. Discussion: The short version of the AQ is a valid instrument for measuring aggressiveness in prison contexts in relation to the long version, and correlates with subscales of aggression more strongly than the long one.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Prisioneiros , Agressão/classificação , Psicometria , Violência , Comportamento , Comportamento Perigoso , Espanha , Prisões , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 26(1): 18-24, Ene-Abr. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231143

RESUMO

Introducción: La movilidad de la población penitenciaria precisa que la información transmitida en los traslados entre centros garantice una óptima continuidad asistencial. Objetivo: Valorar la calidad de la transmisión de información sanitaria cuando los internos son trasladados en conducción entre centros penitenciarios de todo el territorio español. Material y método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, consistente en la revisión de historias clínicas de los internos que transitaron por el Centro Penitenciario (CP) Madrid III en un periodo de tres meses. Todas las variables medidas fueron cualitativas, expresadas en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Durante ese tiempo, 1.168 internos transitaron por el CP Madrid III. Solo 21 procedían de centros penitenciarios de Cataluña, País Vasco o Navarra, cuya historia clínica es diferente a la del resto del Estado, y solo el 57,14% aportaban algún tipo de información sanitaria. Del resto de internos, el 70,79% aportaba algún tipo de información: el 63,90% del total tenía medicación prescrita y el 5% metadona. De aquellos que tenían medicación, el 89,10% la tenían prescrita en la prescripción electrónica, siendo correcta en el 98% de los casos. Respecto a la metadona, solo el 75,44% lo tenía prescrito electrónicamente, siendo correcta en todos los casos. La fecha de la última dosis administrada solo se indicó en el 72,40% de los tratamientos. Discusión: Solo el 34,70% de las historias presentaban una calidad óptima en cuanto a la información transmitida, siendo en el 2,50% de los casos la información recibida deficiente. El uso de herramientas informáticas facilita la transmisión de la información, reduce la carga de trabajo y mejora la seguridad del paciente.(AU)


Introduction: The mobility of the prison population creates a need for information transmitted in transfers between centers that can guarantee optimal care continuity. Objective: To assess the quality of transmission of health information when inmates are transferred between prisons in Spain. Material and method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, consisting of a review of medical records of inmates who passed through Madrid III Prison in a three-month period. All measured variables were qualitative, and were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: 1,168 inmates passed through Madrid III Prison in this period. Only 21 came from prisons in Catalonia, the Basque Country or Navarre, where their medical records are different from those in the rest of Spain, and only 57.14% provided some type of health information. Of the remaining inmates, 70.79% provided some type of information: 63.90% of the total had prescriptions for medication and 5% were prescribed with methadone. Of those taking medication, 89.10% were prescribed it in electronic prescriptions, which were correct in 98% of the cases. For methadone, only 75.44% had electronic prescriptions,which were correct in all cases. The date of the last dose administered was only indicated in 72.40% of the treatments. Discussion: Only 34.70% of the records presented optimal quality in terms of the information transmitted, and in 2.50% of the cases the information received was deficient. The use of computerized tools facilitates the transmission of information, reduces the workload and improves patient safety.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor , Assistência ao Paciente , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Segurança do Paciente , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , Transferência de Pacientes , Prisões , Espanha , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Direitos dos Prisioneiros , Reconciliação de Medicamentos , Prisioneiros/educação
5.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 26(1): 25-34, Ene-Abr. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231144

RESUMO

Introducción: En el entorno penitenciario, hay una elevada incidencia de conductas autolesivas, con una tasa de suicidio superior a la existente en la población general. Estudios previos describen la asociación de factores sociodemográficos, clínicos y criminológicos, con el riesgo de suicidio en la población penitenciaria masculina, pero hay pocas investigaciones centradas en el análisis de la conducta suicida entre mujeres. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las características de las internas que ingresan en una unidad psiquiátrica por presentar ideas de suicidio o haber realizado tentativas.Material y método: Análisis descriptivo y comparativo de 97 internos (68 hombres, 29 mujeres) ingresados en la Unidad de Hospitalización Psiquiátrica de la Penitenciaria de Cataluña (UHPP-C), por ideas de suicidio, entre el 1 de enero de 2017 y el 31 de diciembre de 2022. Resultados: Se encuentran diferencias respecto al lugar de nacimiento, con mayor presencia de nacionalidades africanas en varones no nacionales, mientras que las internas extranjeras suelen ser originarias de países latinoamericanos. Los hombres tienen menor edad media, con ingresos más prolongados y una mayor tasa de reingreso. También padecen más trastornos psicóticos y adictivos. Las mujeres presentan mayor prevalencia de trastornos de personalidad y cuadros afectivos. Conclusiones: Hay diferencias sociodemográficas y clínicas entre hombres y mujeres internos en prisión que requieren ingreso por ideación suicida. Incluir la perspectiva de género en los estudios sobre el riesgo suicida en la población penitenciaria puede proporcionar una base sólida para futuros estudios, permitiendo así una comprensión más completa de la ideación suicida y las necesidades de intervención en la población penitenciaria.(AU)


Introduction: There is a high incidence of self-harming behavior in the prison setting, with a suicide rate that is higher than that of the general population. Previous studies describe the association of sociodemographic, clinical, and criminological factors with the risk of suicide in the male prison population, but there is little research that specifically analyses suicidal behavior among women. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of inmates who are admitted to a psychiatric unit for suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide. Material and method: Descriptive and comparative analysis of 97 inmates (68 men, 29 women) admitted to the Unidad de Hospitalización Psiquiátrica Penitenciaria de Cataluña (UHPP-C), for suicidal ideation, between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022. Results: There are differences in terms of place of birth, with a more significant presence of African nationalities in non-national males, while foreign inmates tend to come from Latin American countries. Men have a lower mean age, longer admissions, and a higher readmission rate. They also suffer from more psychotic and addictive disorders. Women have a higher prevalence of personality disorders and affective symptoms. Conclusions: There are sociodemographic and clinical differences between male and female prison inmates who require admission for suicidal ideation. Including a gender perspective in studies on suicide risk in the prison population can provide a solid foundation for future studies, thus allowing a more complete understanding of suicidal ideation and intervention needs in theprison population.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Perspectiva de Gênero , Comportamento Autodestrutivo , Suicídio , Ideação Suicida , Tentativa de Suicídio , Prisões , Espanha , Psiquiatria , Saúde Mental , Epidemiologia Descritiva
6.
Rev. esp. sanid. penit ; 26(1): 35-43, Ene-Abr. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231145

RESUMO

La vacunación ha sido tradicionalmente una de las actividades de prevención primaria a la que mayor esfuerzo se ha dedicado en las instituciones penitenciarias españolas. Una vez más, la pandemia de coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) ha puesto de manifiesto la importancia de la vacunación en el control de las enfermedades inmunoprevenibles. Tras superar la emergencia sanitaria provocada por la enfermedad del coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19), tenemos por delante el reto de recuperar las coberturas vacunales que teníamos antes de la pandemia, además de aumentar las de otras vacunas con menor implantación en nuestro medio. Entre las estrategias de mejora que se deben implementar, estaría la optimización de la transmisión de la información sanitaria entre centros penitenciarios dependientes de diferentes administraciones. También sería deseable poder acceder a los sistemas de información sobre vacunas de las diferentes comunidades autónomas, tanto para conocer el estado vacunal de los pacientes como para notificar las dosis administradas durante el periodo de internamiento, así como mejorar las estadísticas vacunales disponibles en prisión.(AU)


Vaccination has traditionally been one of the primary prevention activities to which most effort has been devoted in Spanish penitentiary institutions. Once again, the type 2 coronavirus pandemic causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has highlighted the importance of vaccination in the control of immunopreventable diseases.After overcoming the health emergency caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we face the challenge of recovering the vaccination coverage we had before the pandemic, in addition to increasing the coverage of other vaccines with lesser implantation in our environment. Among the improvement strategies to be implemented would be the optimization of the transmission of health information between penitentiary centers dependent on different administrations. It would also be desirable to be able to access the vaccine information systems of the different autonomous communities, both to know the vaccination status of patients and to report the doses administered during the period of internment, as well as to improve the vaccine statistics available in prison.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde Pública , Prisões/organização & administração , Cobertura Vacinal , Vacinação , Vacinas
8.
Salud Colect ; 20: e4665, 2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427347

RESUMO

This research aims to analyze the breastfeeding experiences of incarcerated mothers in the prisons of the Spanish penitentiary system. Additionally, it explores whether these mothers have perceived practices related to obstetric violence during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted using a qualitative approach and a critical ethnographic method. Fieldwork, including participant observation and semi-structured interviews, was carried out between December 2021 and April 2022. The study involved 30 adult women from Africa, Europe, Eastern Europe, and Latin America, all serving sentences with their infants in Mother Units located in the Spanish cities of Alicante, Barcelona, Madrid, and Seville. The main findings highlight the need for penitentiary policies with a gender and feminist perspective. These policies should aim to eliminate severe inequalities and discriminations faced by incarcerated women while protecting the basic rights of both mothers and infants.


Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la experiencia con respecto a la lactancia materna de las madres encarceladas en las prisiones del sistema penitenciario español, así como estudiar si han percibido prácticas que aludan a la violencia obstetricia durante la gestación, el parto y el puerperio. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo y método etnográfico crítico. Entre diciembre de 2021 y abril de 2022, se efectuó el trabajo de campo con observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 de las mujeres mayores de edad procedentes de África, Europa, Europa del Este y Latinoamérica, que se encontraban cumpliendo condena junto a sus criaturas en las Unidades de Madres de las ciudades españolas de Alicante, Barcelona, Madrid y Sevilla. Las principales conclusiones señalan la necesidad de aplicar políticas penitenciarias con perspectiva de género y feminista, que consigan erradicar las graves desigualdades y discriminaciones que sufren las mujeres encarceladas y que sirvan para proteger los derechos básicos de madres y criaturas.


Assuntos
Prisioneiros , Prisões , Adulto , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Mães , Aleitamento Materno , Parto , Pesquisa Qualitativa
9.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0299318, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427652

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In Thailand, the growing prevalence of mental health problems among the increasing number of adult female prisoners has emerged as a significant public health concern. However, studies on the health of women prisoners are primarily conducted in Western societies, and studies in other countries are rare. Thailand, a non-western country, is no exception to this. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the current levels of anxiety and depression among women drug offenders in Thailand and to identify possible associated factors. METHODS: Data were collected from a sample consisting of 554 women drug offenders serving sentences of eight years or more. Stratified random sampling with proportionate stratification was employed during the data collection. The female inmates were being held in three categories of prisons: correctional institutions, central prisons, and provincial prisons. A single question was used to measure self-perceived levels of anxiety and depression: none, moderate, or substantial. Ordered logit regression was employed in the data analysis. FINDINGS: One out of five (21.1%) of the inmates in the sample reported no perceived current anxiety and depression, 61.7% reported moderate anxiety and depression, and 17.1% reported having substantial perceived levels of anxiety and depression. It was found that chronic health conditions or disease, concerns about economic status, and feelings of shame were associated with the perceived anxiety and depression reported by the inmates. CONCLUSION: The study's findings suggest that integrated mental health services that emphasize a holistic approach that acknowledges the intersectionality of women's mental health and societal gender roles should be provided in prisons. Regular mental health screening and accessible mental health services are essential for all incarcerated women. Empowerment programs during confinement can boost self-esteem and thus lead to better post-release outcomes. The government should also implement programs to alleviate the financial burden on prisoners' households.


Assuntos
Depressão , Prisioneiros , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Tailândia/epidemiologia , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Prisões , Ansiedade/epidemiologia
11.
Clin Lab ; 70(3)2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38469784

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major health concerns worldwide. Recent data indicate a decline in prevalence in the Saudi population; however, there are no data on the prevalence in prisoners. This study is the first to investigate the prevalence of viral hepatitis in female inmates in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections and to assess the knowledge and attitudes related to these infections among inmates. METHODS: Inmates were interviewed using a pre-designed questionnaire, and their blood samples were tested for HBV and HCV infections using serology, PCR, and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HBV infection in the study population was 4.4%. The age group > 25 years was predominantly affected; 11.1% of the infected cases were Saudi nationals, and 88.9% were non-Saudis. The prevalence of HCV infection was 2.4%. Among the studied variables, age and previous employment were significantly associated with positive HBV PCR, while conviction, knowledge about protection from sexually transmitted infections (STIs), knowledge about condom use for protection against STIs, and condom use for protection against STIs were significantly associated with HCV infection. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows higher HBV and HCV prevalence in the female prisoners in Briman prison compared to the general population. Uneducated prisoners, over 25 years old, and convicted of prostitution are more associated with both HBV and HCV infection. Future preventive plans should include screening new prisoners with these risk factors for HBV and HCV at the time of entry.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Hepatite B , Hepatite C , Prisioneiros , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Prisões , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Filogenia , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite B/complicações , Hepatite C/diagnóstico , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/complicações , Vírus da Hepatite B , Hepacivirus , Prevalência , Infecções por HIV/complicações
12.
Womens Health (Lond) ; 20: 17455057241228748, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468474

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pregnant individuals in incarcerated settings have unique healthcare needs. Rates of mental health, infectious diseases, and chronic disease are higher among nonpregnant incarcerated women compared with those who are not, but the prevalence of these conditions among pregnant people in custody has not been documented. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of metabolic, infectious, and mental health conditions in pregnant people to identify the medical needs of high-risk pregnancies in US state prisons and local jails. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective epidemiologic surveillance of a convenience sample of state prisons (n = 20) and local jails (n = 3). METHODS: We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit a national sample of prisons and jails of a range of sizes and geographies. Reporters submitted to our study database monthly data on selected pregnancy comorbidities for 6 months between 2016 and 2017. Screening, diagnosis, and tracking of these conditions are derived from each facility's medical record and health care delivery systems. RESULTS: Of the 445 newly admitted pregnant people in prisons and 243 in jails, the most prevalent conditions were mental health conditions and hepatitis C. Specifically, 34.1% (n = 152) in prison and 23.5% (n = 57) in jail had a substance use disorder, and 27.4% (n = 122) of those in prison and 17.7% (n = 43) in jail had a psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, 20.2% (n = 91) in prison and 6.6% (n = 16) in jail had hepatitis C. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that chronic medical and mental health conditions are prevalent among pregnant people in US prisons and jails. However, significant variability in the reported number of cases of these conditions from state to state and between facility types implies a lack of or inadequate screening practices. These data indicate the need for comprehensive screening and appropriate care for the complex needs of pregnant incarcerated people.


OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of these conditions in pregnant people to identify the medical needs of high-risk pregnancies in US state prisons and local jails. STUDY DESIGN: The study involved ongoing systematic data collection, analysis and interpretation of pregnancy data from a convenience sample of state prisons (n = 20) and local jails (n = 3). METHODS: We intentionally recruited a national sample of prisons and jails of a range of sizes and geographies that house pregnant individuals. Some study facilities were referred from others. Reporters submitted to our study database monthly data on selected pregnancy comorbidities for 6 months between 2016 and 2017. Screening, diagnosis, and tracking of these conditions derived from each facility's medical record and health care delivery systems. RESULTS: Of the 445 newly admitted pregnant people in prisons and 243 in jails, the most prevalent conditions were mental health conditions and hepatitis C. Specifically, 34.1% (n = 152) in prison and 23.5% (n = 57) in jail had a substance use disorder and 27.4% (n = 122) of those in prison and 17.7% (n = 43) in jail had a psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, 20.2% (n = 91) in prison and 6.6% (n = 16) in jail had hepatitisc. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that chronic medical and mental health conditions are prevalent among pregnant people in US prisons and jails. However, significant variability in the reported number of cases of these conditions from state to state and between facility types implies a lack of or inadequate screening practices. These data indicate the need for comprehensive screening and appropriate care for the complex needs of pregnant incarcerated people.


Health care conditions among pregnant persons in US state prisons and local jails 2016­2017Background: Pregnant individuals in incarcerated settings have unique health care needs. Rates of mental health, infectious diseases, and chronic disease are higher among nonpregnant incarcerated women compared with those who are not, but the prevalence of these conditions among pregnant people in custody has not been documented.


Assuntos
Hepatite C , Prisioneiros , Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Prisões , Saúde Mental , Prisões Locais , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Estudos Prospectivos
13.
JAMA Netw Open ; 7(3): e242732, 2024 Mar 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38497959

RESUMO

Importance: Agonist medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), buprenorphine and methadone, in carceral settings might reduce the risk of postrelease opioid overdose but are uncommonly offered. In April 2019, the Massachusetts Department of Correction (MADOC), the state prison system, provided buprenorphine for incarcerated individuals in addition to previously offered injectable naltrexone. Objective: To evaluate postrelease outcomes after buprenorphine implementation. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study with interrupted time-series analysis used linked data across multiple statewide data sets in the Massachusetts Public Health Data Warehouse stratified by sex due to differences in carceral systems. Eligible participants were individuals sentenced and released from a MADOC facility to the community. The study period for the male sample was January 2014 to November 2020; for the female sample, January 2015 to October 2019. Data were analyzed between February 2022 and January 2024. Exposure: April 2019 implementation of buprenorphine during incarceration. Main Outcomes and Measures: Receipt of MOUD within 4 weeks after release, opioid overdose, and all-cause mortality within 8 weeks after release, each measured as a percentage of monthly releases who experienced the outcome. Segmented linear regression analyzed changes in outcome rates after implementation. Results: A total of 15 225 individuals were included. In the male sample there were 14 582 releases among 12 688 individuals (mean [SD] age, 35.0 [10.8] years; 133 Asian and Pacific Islander [0.9%], 4079 Black [28.0%], 4208 Hispanic [28.9%], 6117 White [41.9%]), a rate of 175.7 releases per month; the female sample included 3269 releases among 2537 individuals (mean [SD] age, 34.9 [9.8] years; 328 Black [10.0%], 225 Hispanic [6.9%], 2545 White [77.9%]), a rate of 56.4 releases per month. Among male participants at 20 months postimplementation, the monthly rate of postrelease buprenorphine receipt was higher than would have been expected under baseline trends (21.2% vs 10.6% of monthly releases; 18.6 additional releases per month). Naltrexone receipt was lower than expected (1.0% vs 6.0%; 8.8 fewer releases per month). Monthly rates of methadone receipt (1.4%) and opioid overdose (1.8%) were not significantly different than expected. All-cause mortality was lower than expected (1.9% vs 2.8%; 1.5 fewer deaths per month). Among female participants at 7 months postimplementation, buprenorphine receipt was higher than expected (31.6% vs 9.5%; 12.4 additional releases per month). Naltrexone receipt was lower than expected (3.4% vs 7.2%) but not statistically significantly different. Monthly rates of methadone receipt (1.1%), opioid overdose (4.8%), and all-cause mortality (1.6%) were not significantly different than expected. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study of state prison releases, postrelease buprenorphine receipt increased and naltrexone receipt decreased after buprenorphine became available during incarceration.


Assuntos
Buprenorfina , Overdose de Opiáceos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides , Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Prisões , Naltrexona , Estudos de Coortes , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/epidemiologia , Metadona/uso terapêutico , Buprenorfina/uso terapêutico
14.
Int Tinnitus J ; 27(2): 225-230, 2024 Mar 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38512870

RESUMO

This paper delves into the intricate realm of mental health issues within prisons including other correctional facilities, the intersectionality with legal and medical aspects, and the potential of pharmacology as a viable treatment modality. The prevalence and diverse array of mental disorders among incarcerated individuals are thoroughly examined, underscoring the imperative for all-encompassing interventions. The legal structure, hurdles encountered in delivering mental healthcare, and the indispensability of interdisciplinary cooperation are scrutinized. Furthermore, the effectiveness and moral implications of pharmaceutical interventions in correctional environments are deliberated upon. Conclusive suggestions are put forth to enhance mental healthcare provisions in prisons. The research paper endeavors to penetrate the labyrinthine complexities of mental health predicaments within correctional institutions, with a specific emphasis on the convergence of medico-legal facets and the plausible impact of pharmacological interventions. The study strives to elucidate the intricate nature of mental health challenges among incarcerated populations, considering the intricate interplay of socio-cultural, environmental, and psychological factors that contribute to their pervasiveness. By delving into these interconnected dimensions, the research aims to unlock prospective remedies capable of efficaciously meeting the mental health requisites of incarcerated individuals.


Assuntos
Transtornos Mentais , Prisioneiros , Humanos , Prisões , Saúde Mental , Estudos Prospectivos , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia
15.
BMC Psychiatry ; 24(1): 95, 2024 Feb 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38317111

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders are common among people in prison, but their prevalence in the Scandinavian prison population remain unclear. In this multinational register study, we examined the prevalence of mental health disorders and the comorbidity of substance use disorders (SUDs) with other mental health disorders in this population. Further, we investigated how the prevalence of mental disorders at prison entry had changed in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden over the study period. METHODS: The three study cohorts included all individuals, aged 19 or older, whom had been imprisoned in Norway (2010-2019), Denmark (2011-2018), and Sweden (2010-2013). Mental disorders were defined as ICD-10 diagnoses (F-codes) registered in the national patient registers. The study prevalence was estimated based on recorded diagnoses during the entire study follow-up period in each respective country. The one-year prevalence of mental disorders was estimated for each calendar year for individuals entering prison during that year. RESULTS: The Scandinavian prison cohorts included 119 507 individuals released 191 549 times during the study period. Across all three countries a high proportion of both women (61.3%-74.4%) and men (49.6%-57.9%) had at least one mental health disorder during the observation period. The most prevalent disorders were SUDs (39.1%-44.0%), depressive disorder (8.1%-17.5%), and stress related disorder (8.8%-17.1%). Women (31.8%-41.1%) had higher levels of mental health and substance use comorbidities compared to men (20.8%-27.6%). The one-year prevalence of any mental health disorder increased over time with a 33% relative increase in Norway, 8% in Denmark, and 10% in Sweden. The proportion of individuals entering prison with a comorbid SUD and other mental disorder had also increased. CONCLUSIONS: While the incarceration rate has been decreasing during the past decade in the Scandinavian countries, an increasing proportion of people entering prison have a diagnosed mental health disorder. Our results suggest that prisons should provide adequate treatment and scale up services to accommodate the increasing proportion of people with complex health needs among incarcerated people.


Assuntos
Transtornos Mentais , Prisioneiros , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Saúde Mental , Prisões , Prevalência , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Comorbidade
16.
Matern Child Health J ; 28(2): 253-266, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38341837

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The number of incarcerated pregnant women is increasing globally. With many having complex health and social backgrounds, incarceration provides opportunities for health interventions, including the chance to have their nutritional needs met. Despite the additional nutritional requirements of pregnancy being well documented, how these are being met within the correctional setting is currently poorly understood. METHODS: A scoping review of the literature was conducted to identify the literature published between January 2010 and April 2023 related to the provision of nutrition for pregnant women in the international prison systems. Sixteen papers met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The relevant key findings were charted and thematically analysed. RESULTS: Two themes were identified: 'the inconsistent reality of food provision' and 'choice, autonomy and food'. There is a clear disparity in the way in which diet is prioritised and provided to pregnant incarcerated women across several countries. DISCUSSION: The findings highlight the need for a consistent approach to diet on a macro, global level to ensure the health of women and their infants in context.


Assuntos
Gestantes , Prisioneiros , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Prisões , Alimentos , Dieta
17.
J Urban Health ; 101(1): 80-91, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38349583

RESUMO

Following release from prison, housing and health issues form a complex and mutually reinforcing dynamic, increasing reincarceration risk. Supported accommodation aims to mitigate these post-release challenges. We describe the impact of attending Rainbow Lodge (RL), a post-release supported accommodation service for men in Sydney, Australia, on criminal justice and emergency health outcomes. Our retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data includes 415 individuals referred to RL between January 2015 and October 2020. Outcomes of interest were rates of criminal charges, emergency department (ED) presentations and ambulance attendance; and time to first reincarceration, criminal charge, ED presentation and ambulance attendance. The exposure of interest was attending RL; covariates included demographic characteristics, release year and prior criminal justice and emergency health contact. Those who attended RL (n = 170, 41%) more commonly identified as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (52% vs 41%; p = 0.025). There was strong evidence that attending RL reduced the incidence criminal charges (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] = 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.340.86; p = 0.009). Absolute rates indicate a weak protective effect of RL attendance on ED presentation and ambulance attendance; however, adjusted analyses indicated no evidence of an association between attending RL and rates of ED presentations (ARR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.65-1.21), or ambulance attendance (ARR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.57-1.18). There was no evidence of an association between attending RL and time to first reincarceration, charge, ED presentation or ambulance attendance. Greater detail about reasons for emergency health service contact and other self-report outcome measures may better inform how supported accommodation is meeting its intended aims.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Prisões , Masculino , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Austrália/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação
18.
J Correct Health Care ; 30(1): 49-55, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38335312

RESUMO

Sexual violence within prisons is a complex issue. The Prison Rape Elimination Act identifies standards to guide the provision of care to meet the medical and forensic needs of individuals who experience sexual assault (SA) while incarcerated. The standards include access to care by a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) whenever possible. Telehealth is one solution to ensure expert SANE access. This brief report addresses the pre-examination concerns/worries and immediate post-examination perceptions and experiences of six individuals who experienced SA while incarcerated. Findings show resolution of pre-examination worries, high satisfaction with care, high telehealth acceptability rates, and universal endorsement that examinations should occur outside of correctional facilities. Although not generalizable, this report provides preliminary insight into care in an understudied population with unique health care needs.


Assuntos
Vítimas de Crime , Prisioneiros , Delitos Sexuais , Telemedicina , Humanos , Prisões
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