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1.
Clin Nutr ESPEN ; 60: 41-47, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38479938

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: At hospital level, clinical nutritionists play a fundamental role in health recovery, contributing to shorter hospital stays and addressing hospital malnutrition. However, in Latin America no studies have been conducted on the activities of the nutritionist and the factors influencing their performance. AIMS: to describe the activities of the clinical nutritionist in public and private hospital settings in Latin America and to determine the factors associated with disciplinary practice. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical, quantitative study was conducted. Participants consisted of hospital nutritionists from 13 Latin American countries who had participated in a previously validated online survey on the activities performed during their daily work, obtaining a Professional Activities Score (PAS). RESULTS: 1222 nutritionists participated. Of the activities associated with the professional role, the only ones who reached over 75 % of execution were: performing nutritional intervention; performing nutritional assessment and diagnosis; providing counseling and dietary prescription; developing nutritional care plans for patients with nutritional problems; and performing the monitoring and evaluation of results of priority patients. The least frequent activities were: university teaching and collaborating in research. Regarding the reasons for not performing activities: 34.0 % reported not being included in the activities, 24.5 % mentioned lack of time, and 13.6 % indicated that the activities were conducted by another professional. Variables positively associated with an increase in the PAS were: having spent more years exercising the profession (Beta: 0.028, 95 % CI: 0.004; 0.051), and having a greater number of specialties (4 or more, Beta: 2.294, 95 % CI: 1.031; 3.557). Working in lower-complexity facilities (Low: Beta: -1.037, 95 % CI: -1.443; -0.630), and having more reasons for not performing the activities (3 or more: Beta: -3.105, 95 % CI: -4.111; -2.099) were inversely associated. From the sample, 1.8 % held a doctorate in clinical nutrition, 43.9 % had a specialty, and 64.4 % had a diploma or postgraduate degree in clinical nutrition. CONCLUSION: None of the activities related to the nutritionist work was performed on a 100 % basis. In Latin America, Ministries of Health should standardize and regulate the functions of the clinical nutritionist, as well as quantifying understaffing and proposing solutions to alleviate the shortage of these professionals, acknowledging the positive impact that they have on the recovery of hospital patients.


Assuntos
Nutricionistas , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Apoio Nutricional , Avaliação Nutricional , Aconselhamento
2.
Nutrients ; 16(5)2024 Feb 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474750

RESUMO

Explorations of current knowledge of dietitians about gut-health interconnection and the role of diet in gut microbiota manipulation are rather scarce in the literature. In this online survey we assessed the perceived and current knowledge of dietitians across Europe about gut microbiota and systemic health, nutrition as a modulator of the gut ecosystem, and the role of probiotics and prebiotics. Pre-graduate dietetic students and other professionals were also invited to participate. A total of 179 full responses were recorded (dietitians, n = 155), mainly from Southern and Western regions. Most participants (>78.0%) reported an average to good level of perceived knowledge, with significant positive correlations between perceived and current knowledge in all sections and overall (p for all <0.05). Nevertheless, a rather low current knowledge scoring of participants about probiotics and prebiotics was observed. Features such as being a dietitian, having a higher educational level as dietitian and working in an academic/research setting were usually associated with higher current knowledge. Further analysis revealed that dietitians had a trend for higher scoring about probiotics and prebiotics compared to pre-graduate students or other professionals. Moreover, for dietitians, working in an academic or research setting was an independent factor for scoring in the highest quartile in all tested sections and overall (p for all <0.05). In conclusion, this online survey shed some light on the current knowledge of dietitians across Europe about gut microbiota parameters, including dietary modulation, highlighting in parallel possible knowledge determinants. Potential areas for future educational efforts in this rather unexplored field were indicated.


Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Microbiota , Nutricionistas , Probióticos , Humanos , Prebióticos
3.
Nutrients ; 16(5)2024 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474798

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Despite dietitians being important members of the multidisciplinary team delivering family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN), their specific responsibilities and roles are unclear and their involvement in the treatment can be a contentious issue. METHODOLOGY: Clinicians (n = 20) experienced in the delivery of FT-AN who were working at a specialist child and adolescent eating disorder service responded to an online survey about their experience of including a dietitian in FT-AN and how they understand the role. Both categorical and open-ended questions were used. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative free-text responses of clinician perspectives on the role of the dietitian in FT-AN. RESULTS: All clinicians agreed that dietetics had a role within FT-AN and most frequently sought dietetic involvement in the early phases of FT-AN. Reflexive thematic analysis of responses identified three main themes. These were (1) collaboration is key, (2) confidence as a core consideration and (3) case-by-case approach. These themes evidenced the role of the dietitian within FT-AN and highlighted both the benefits and concerns of this involvement. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that dietitians can take a core role as collaborators within therapy-led teams that facilitate joint working and sharing of expertise. However, dietetic input should be considered on a case-by-case basis, given its potential for creating an over-focus on nutrition and potentially diminishing parental confidence in feeding. When indicated for selected cases, nutritional counselling should be offered in joint sessions with the therapist rather than separately. The findings of the study were limited by the small sample size of participants recruited from a single centre and heterogeneity in the professional background of respondents. Although the integration of dietetics within the multidisciplinary team and the ability of dietitians to individualise patient care can enhance FT-AN treatment, potential benefits and disbenefits should be considered for each case.


Assuntos
Anorexia Nervosa , Dietética , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Nutricionistas , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Anorexia Nervosa/terapia , Terapia Familiar
4.
5.
J Bras Nefrol ; 46(3): e20230092, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38498671

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The importance of dietitians in dialysis units is indisputable and mandatory in Brazil, but little is known about the practices adopted by these professionals. OBJECTIVE: To know practices adopted in routine nutritional care, focusing on nutritional assessment tools and treatment strategies for people at risk or diagnosed with malnutrition. METHODOLOGY: Electronic questionnaire disseminated on social media and messaging applications. It included questions that covered dietitians' demographic and occupational profile characteristics and of the dialysis unit, use and frequency of nutritional assessment tools, nutritional intervention strategies in cases of risk or diagnosis of malnutrition, prescription and access to oral supplements. RESULTS: Twenty four percent of the Brazilian dialysis units (n = 207) responded electronically. The most used nutritional assessment tools with or without a pre-established frequency were dietary surveys (96%) and Subjective Global Assessment (83%). The strategies in cases of risk or presence of malnutrition used most frequently (almost always/always) were instructions to increase energy and protein intake from foods (97%), and increasing the frequency of visits (88%). The frequency of prescribing commercial supplements with standard and specialized formulas was quite similar. The availability of dietary supplements by the public healthcare system to patients varied between regions. CONCLUSION: Most dietitians use various nutritional assessment tools and intervention strategies in cases of risk or malnutrition; however, the frequency of use of such tools and strategies varied substantially.


Assuntos
Desnutrição , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Avaliação Nutricional , Brasil , Diálise Renal , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/terapia , Atenção à Saúde
6.
Support Care Cancer ; 32(4): 213, 2024 Mar 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38446230

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine factors associated with multimodal care practices for cancer cachexia among registered dietitians (RDs) working in cancer care. METHODS: A secondary analysis was performed using RDs' data. Data on knowledge, skills, and confidence in multimodal care were obtained. Nine items regarding multimodal care practices were evaluated. Subjects were divided into two groups based on their answers associated with the nine items. Comparisons were obtained using the Mann-Whitney U test or chi-squared test. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the critical factors involved in practicing multimodal care by determining the variables with significant differences between the two groups. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-two RDs were included in this study. Significant differences were observed in their primary area of practice (p = 0.023), the number of clinical guidelines used (p < 0.001), the number of items used in cancer cachexia assessment (p = 0.002), the number of symptoms used in cancer cachexia assessment (p = 0.039), training for cancer cachexia (p < 0.001), knowledge of cancer cachexia (p < 0.001), and confidence in cancer cachexia management (p < 0.001). The number of symptoms used in cancer cachexia assessment (B = 0.42, p = 0.019), knowledge of cancer cachexia (B = 6.60, p < 0.001), and confidence in cancer cachexia management (B = 4.31, p = 0.010) were identified as critical factors according to the multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The RDs' knowledge and confidence in cancer cachexia management were associated with their multimodal care practices.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Caquexia/etiologia , Caquexia/terapia , Neoplasias/complicações , Conhecimento
8.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 22(1): 1-8, Ene-Mar, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-231373

RESUMO

Background: Recently in Japan, there have been some cases of pharmacies staffed with dietitians in an effort to improve their health support functions. However, there have been few reports on the effects of these efforts, and it has been pointed out that dietitians may not be fully exercising their professional abilities. We conducted a before-and-after comparison study in 2022 to confirm the effectiveness of collaboration between pharmacy dietitians and pharmacists in supporting patients with type 2 diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the process by which dietitians who participated in our research project became accustomed to providing continuous dietary counseling as a matter of habit. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three dietitians and two pharmacists. The main questions asked were about 1) the nature of their work before they began providing the interventions, 2) the aspects they paid attention to while providing the interventions, 3) what they felt they had changed during the intervention period, and4) what they considered obstacles to providing nutritional guidance in their pharmacies. Results: The responses of the participants regarding the nature of their work before they began providing interventions were mostly related to their “work as a dispensing clerk.” The dietitians also indicated their desire for more continuous dietary support. The responses of the participants regarding what they felt had changed during the intervention period included numerous references to having an “opportunity for trial and error” and obtaining the “cooperation of staff.” In the responses regarding what the participants considered obstacles, the dietitians mentioned “recognition by patients” and “an environment in which they can consult with patients.”... (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Farmácias , Nutricionistas , Farmacêuticos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Hospitais , Manejo da Obesidade , Japão
9.
Nutrients ; 16(4)2024 Feb 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38398808

RESUMO

This study comprehensively examined the associations between shokuiku (food and nutrition education) during school years, current well-balanced diets, and current eating and lifestyle behaviours of Japanese female university students. A hypothetical model was developed using factors potentially associated with well-balanced diets. A simultaneous multipopulational analysis was performed according to the living arrangements of 148 female Japanese students (48.6% living alone) from a registered dietitian course. The analysis showed acceptable goodness of fit and a significant positive path from shokuiku during school years (living alone: standardised estimate 0.29, p = 0.004; with family: 0.32, p = 0.006) and a negative path from eating out frequency (-0.19, p = 0.039; -0.24, p = 0.017) towards a well-balanced diet. A significant negative path was identified from late bedtimes (-0.45, p < 0.001) and home meal replacement use frequency (-0.24, p = 0.010) in those living alone and from late-night snacking frequency (-0.27, p = 0.007) in those living with family. Well-balanced diets in female university students may be positively associated with shokuiku during school years and limited by a late bedtime, eating out, and home meal replacement use in those living alone, and by late-night snacking and eating out in those living with family.


Assuntos
Dieta , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Feminino , Universidades , Japão , Comportamento Alimentar , Estilo de Vida , Instituições Acadêmicas
10.
Nutrients ; 16(4)2024 Feb 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38398823

RESUMO

Sport-related concussion incidence has increased in many team-based sports, such as rugby, Gaelic (camogie, hurling, football), and hockey. Concussion disrupts athletes' brain function, causing an "energy crisis" that requires energy and nutrient support to restore function and heal. Performance dietitians and nutritionists play a role in supporting athletes' post-injury nutritional demands. This study aimed to investigate Irish performance dietitians' and nutritionists' knowledge and implementation of nutritional strategies to manage and support athletes' recovery following concussion. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seventeen (n = 17) Irish performance dietitians and nutritionists recruited from the Sport and Exercise Nutrition register and other sporting body networks across Ireland. Participants practised or had practised with amateur and/or professional athletes within the last ten years. All interviews and their transcripts were thematically analysed to extract relevant insights. These data provided valuable insights revealing performance dietitians and nutritionists: (1) their awareness of concussion events and (2) their use of nutritional supports for concussion management. Furthermore, the research highlighted their implementation of 'novel nutritional protocols' specifically designed to support and manage athletes' concussion recovery. There was a clear contrast between participants who had an awareness and knowledge of the importance of nutrition for brain recovery after sport-related concussion(s) and those who did not. Participants presenting with a practical understanding mentioned re-emphasising certain foods and supplements they were already recommending to athletes in the event of a concussion. Performance dietitians and nutritionists were keeping up to date with nutrition research on concussions, but limited evidence has prevented them from implementing protocols in practice. Meanwhile, participants mentioned trialling/recommending nutritional protocols, such as carbohydrate reloading, reducing omega-6 intake, and acutely supplementing creatine, omega-3 fish oils high in Docosahexaenoic acid, and probiotics to support brain healing. Performance dietitians' and nutritionists' use of nutrition protocols with athletes following concussion was linked to their knowledge and the limited scientific evidence available. Nutrition implementation, therefore, may be overlooked or implemented with uncertainty, which could negatively affect athletes' recovery following sports-related concussions.


Assuntos
Concussão Encefálica , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Concussão Encefálica/terapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Atletas , Esportes de Equipe
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38359798

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the perceptions held by practicing dietitians of the importance of their tasks performed in current work environments, the frequency at which those tasks are performed, and predictions about the importance of those tasks in future work environments. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey study. An online survey was administered to 350 practicing dietitians. They were asked to assess the importance, performance frequency, and predicted changes in the importance of 27 tasks using a 5-point scale. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and the means of the variables were compared across categorized work environments using analysis of variance. RESULTS: The importance scores of all surveyed tasks were higher than 3.0, except for the marketing management task. Self-development, nutrition education/counseling, menu planning, food safety management, and documentation/data management were all rated higher than 4.0. The highest performance frequency score was related to documentation/data management. The importance scores of all duties, except for professional development, differed significantly by workplace. As for predictions about the future importance of the tasks surveyed, dietitians responded that the importance of all 27 tasks would either remain at current levels or increase in the future. CONCLUSION: Twenty-seven tasks were confirmed to represent dietitians' job functions in various workplaces. These tasks can be used to improve the test specifications of the Korean Dietitian Licensing Examination and the curriculum of dietetic education programs.


Assuntos
Dietética , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Nutricionistas/educação , Nutricionistas/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Dietética/educação , República da Coreia
13.
Can J Diet Pract Res ; 85(1): 12-19, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38377041

RESUMO

Purpose: To explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Nova Scotian dietitian's roles, responsibilities, and professional development needs.Methods: We conducted a province-wide, online, exploratory survey with registered dietitians during the initial waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Differences were explored with descriptive statistics by work sector (hospital/acute care; primary health/community or public health (PH); long-term care [LTC]; other [e.g., private practice, retail]).Results: Dietitians (n = 122) reported being most frequently challenged by stress and anxiety, changing work expectations, and rapidly evolving safety protocols during the pandemic. Those working in PH, primary health, and LTC reported experiencing more work responsibilities, more change, and perceived less employer support than dietitians in other sectors. Despite the identified challenges, most participants (70.7%) felt their education and training were sufficient to take on these new work roles. Primary and PH dietitians, however, more frequently perceived their skill sets to be under-utilized than other sectors. Key learnings from practice identified as being important for dietetic education included qualities such as resilience, problem-solving, flexibility, and self-care.Conclusion: These findings will be of interest to health administrators, professional bodies, and academic institutions to inform strategies for strengthening dietetic practice, building resilience, and preparing for future emergencies.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Nutricionistas/educação , Pandemias , Nova Escócia , Inquéritos e Questionários
14.
Nutrients ; 16(3)2024 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38337619

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Soccer is a game in constant evolution and the intensity of play is increasing. Nutrition can play a role in the physical performance of elite players, maintaining their health and facilitating recovery. It is important to cover players' energy demands, and low energy availability may therefore result in impaired performance. This study aimed to evaluate alterations in body composition to determine the effects of a nutritional program led by a sport nutritionist. METHODS: A group of 88 elite soccer players from a Serie A club in Italy (44 males aged 26.5 ± 3.0 years and 44 females aged 27.1 ± 5.2 years) were enrolled. To evaluate changes in body composition, bioimpedance and anthropometric measurements were obtained following the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). RESULTS: Compared with females, males had more muscle mass and less fat mass in both seasons evaluated. Comparing the first and last seasons, the male soccer players showed increased muscle mass and decreased fat mass while the female soccer players only showed decreased fat mass. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a specialist sport nutritionist on the staff of professional soccer clubs could be important to ensure energy availability and evaluate body composition during the season.


Assuntos
Nutricionistas , Futebol , Esportes , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Futebol/fisiologia , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Estado Nutricional
16.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(1): 244-248, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230904

RESUMO

El presente documento tiene como objetivo plantear y justificar la incorporación del dietista-nutricionista en los equipos multidisciplinares deatención integrada en la educación, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de aquellos pacientes con patologías que cursen con alteraciones del estadonutricional, tanto en su defecto como en su exceso, en el área sanitaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid.El estado nutricional de los pacientes hospitalizados se beneficiará de la incorporación del dietista-nutricionista al equipo multidisciplinar que,actualmente, se ocupa de la atención de estos. El manejo de la terapia nutricional por dietistas-nutricionistas ha demostrado ser costo-efectiva,habida cuenta de la repercusión sanitaria que tiene el estado nutricional en la evolución clínica y prevención de enfermedades como la diabetes,los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, la obesidad, el cáncer, la insuficiencia cardiaca, la osteoporosis, la enfermedad celiaca y la enfermedadrenal crónica, entre otras.(AU)


The present document has the objective of justifying the incorporation of a dietician/nutritionist to the multidisciplinary teams of specialized carethat provide education, food anamnesis, nutritional recommendations, treatment and follow up of those patients in risk of malnutrition in Madrid.The appropriate nutritional status of hospitalized patients bears a close relationship with the existence of dieticians at hospitals. Dieticians usenutrition therapy as a cost-effective means to achieve significant health benefits by preventing or altering the course of diabetes, obesity, hyper-tension, lipid metabolism disorders, heart failure, osteoporosis, celiac disease, and chronic kidney disease, among other diseases.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Nutricionistas , Seleção de Pessoal , Pacientes , Estado Nutricional , Terapia Nutricional , Espanha , Hospitais Públicos , Desnutrição , Programas de Rastreamento
17.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(1): 249-254, Ene-Feb, 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230905

RESUMO

La Federación Latinoamericana de Terapia Nutricional, Nutrición Clínica y Metabolismo – FELANPE, fue fundada en el año 1988. Reúne a Socie-dades y Asociaciones Interdisciplinarias de Nutrición Clínica y Terapia Nutricional de América Latina y el Caribe, además de España y Portugal.Actualmente la conforman representaciones de 18 países.Se describen los objetivos de la Federación teniendo en cuenta el compromiso asumido.Se trata de estudio observacional transversal, multicéntrico en que se incluyeron 132 hospitales con más de 100 camas, de alta complejidad,estatales y privados de 14 países de Latinoamérica miembros de FELANPE. Se evaluaron las características del hospital, la implementación dela valoración nutricional, el diagnóstico nutricional de pacientes, el equipo responsable de la terapia nutricional, la terapéutica nutricional (oral,enteral y parenteral), la monitorización y el seguimiento nutricional.Para tal, se diseñó y validó un cuestionario digital y un video explicativo para garantizar la calidad de los datos recolectados. La validación seefectúo mediante un estudio piloto realizado en Paraguay, aprobado por el Comité de ética en la Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicasde la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. La investigación actual cuenta con la aprobación del Comité de ética de Investigación de la Facultad deCiencias Químicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción y del Comité de ética de FELANPE.Los resultados presentados en el XVIII Congreso Latinoamericano de FELANPE, en Asunción del Paraguay, el 12 de octubre del 2023, sirven comobase para caracterizar la implementación de la Terapia Nutricional Parenteral y Enteral (terapia nutricional médica) en Hospitales de Latinoaméricay son utilizados como sustento técnico del presente Compromiso de Asunción.(AU)


The Latin American Federation of Nutritional Therapy, Clinical Nutrition, and Metabolism – FELANPE, was founded in 1988. It brings togetherinterdisciplinary societies and associations in Clinical Nutrition and Nutritional Therapy from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as Spainand Portugal. Currently, it comprises representations from 18 countries.The objectives of the Federation are described, taking into account the assumed commitment. This is an observational cross-sectional, multicenterstudy that included 132 hospitals with more than 100 beds, of high complexity, both state-owned and private, from 14 countries in Latin Americathat are members of FELANPE. The study assessed hospital characteristics, implementation of nutritional assessment, nutritional diagnosis ofpatients, the team responsible for nutritional therapy, nutritional therapy (oral, enteral, and parenteral), monitoring, and nutritional follow-up.For this purpose, a digital questionnaire and an explanatory video were designed and validated to ensure the quality of the collected data. Validationwas carried out through a pilot study conducted in Paraguay, approved by the Ethics Committee for Research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences ofthe National University of Asunción. The current research has the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Chemical Sciencesof the National University of Asunción and the Ethics Committee of FELANPE.The results presented at the XVIII Latin American Congress of FELANPE in Asunción, Paraguay, on October 12, 2023, serve as a basis for cha-racterizing the implementation of Parenteral and Enteral Nutritional Therapy (medical nutritional therapy) in hospitals in Latin America and areused as technical support for the present Asunción Commitment.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Terapia Nutricional/tendências , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Nutricionistas , Avaliação Nutricional , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição , Estudos Transversais , Ciências da Nutrição , Inquéritos e Questionários , Paraguai
18.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 44(1): 254-260, Feb. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231315

RESUMO

Antecedentes: El incumplimiento de la pensión de alimentos tiene un impacto negativo en la protección de la infancia, incrementando el riesgo de malnutrición e inseguridad alimentaria. Las relaciones familiares y la confianza en el sistema de justicia también se pueden ver afectadas.Objetivo: Describir las características de las deudas de pensión mensual de alimentos en Perú, según el área geográfica y la jurisdicción del órgano judicial.Materiales y métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio transversal mediante el análisis de los casos de deuda de pensión de alimentos del 2019, según el Registro de Deudores Alimentarios Morosos (REDAM) del Poder Judicial del Perú. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las deudas de pensión de alimentos por región y jurisdicción del órgano judicial.Resultados: Se incluyeron 750 registros de deudores de pensión de alimentos, y se identificó que solo 0.53% de los deudores subsano su deuda. Se encontraron diferencias entre las deudas de pensión de alimentos entre las regiones de Perú. Los indicadores de desarrollo humano y vulnerabilidad a la inseguridad alimentaria tuvieron una tendencia semejante que las pensiones de alimentos entre las regiones de Perú.Conclusión: Las deudas de pensión de alimentos se caracterizaron por provenir en mayor proporción de varones con trabajo, y se identificaron más casos de deudores en la sierra peruana.(AU)


Background: Noncompliance with child support paymentshas a negative impact on the protection of children, increas-ing the risk of malnutrition and food insecurity. Family rela-tionships and trust in the justice system can also be affected.Objective: To describe the characteristics of monthly childsupport debts in Peru, according to the geographic area andjurisdiction of the judicial authority.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study wasconducted by analyzing the cases of child support debt from2019, according to the Register of Delinquent Child SupportDebtors (REDAM) of the Judiciary of Peru. A descriptive analy-sis of child support debt by region and jurisdiction of the ju-dicial authority was carried out. Results: 750 records of child support debtors were in-cluded, and it was identified that only 0.53% of the debtorspaid off their debt. Differences were found in child supportdebt between the regions of Peru. Human development indi-cators and vulnerability to food insecurity had a similar trendas child support payments among the regions of Peru.Conclusion: Child support debts were characterized ascoming mostly from employed males, and more cases ofdebtors were identified in the Peruvian highlands.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Nutricionistas , Proteção da Criança , Nutrição da Criança , Direitos Humanos , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Estudos Transversais , Ciências da Nutrição , Peru
19.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 98: e202402003, Feb. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231346

RESUMO

Fundamentos: la obesidad infantil representa un grave problema de salud pública y, dado su carácter multifactorial y sus consecuencias, resulta necesario llevar a cabo un abordaje eficaz. El sistema de autonomías español, con competencias delegadas, podría acentuar la desigualdad en su abordaje. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la existencia o no de dichas desigualdades. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal descriptivo, entre los meses de febrero-abril de 2022, en el que se comparó el abordaje de la obesidad infantil entre las diecisiete comunidades y dos ciudades autónomas, mediante el análisis de los siguientes indicadores: personal de pediatría; enfermería pediátrica; personal de nutrición y su reconocimiento legal; existencia de planes integrales; y gasto sanitario para obesidad infantil. La búsqueda de información se realizó mediante revisión bibliográfica y solicitud de acceso a información pública a las correspondientes consejerías autonómicas. Hubo cálculo de ratios de pediatras y enfermeros por 1.000 habitantes y gasto sanitario por habitante. Resultados: se observó que a nivel nacional los pediatras poseen una ratio acorde a las recomendaciones internacionales (1,21), no así enfermería general y pediátrica (con una ratio de 0,65, que equivale a aproximadamente 1.544 habitantes por cada enfermera), ni el personal de nutrición. Entre comunidades autónomas se apreciaron grandes variaciones para las tres categorías. Los planes integrales de abordaje se encontraron desactualizados o, directamente, ausentes, al igual que el análisis periódico del gasto derivado de la obesidad.Conclusiones: el abordaje de la obesidad infantil parece variar de forma considerable entre autonomías según los indicadores analizados. Por ello, sería recomendable encauzar todos los esfuerzos en homogenizarlo, para mejorar la calidad asistencial e igualar las oportunidades de prevención y tratamiento en todo el ámbito nacional.(au)


Background: childhood obesity represents a serious public health problem and given its multifactorial nature and its con-sequences; it is necessary to carry out an effective approach. The spanish system of autonomies, with delegated powers, could accentuate inequality in its approach. The objective of the study was to know the existence or not of these inequalities. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between the months of february-april 2022, in which the approach to childhood obesity was compared among the seventeen communities and two autonomous cities, through the analysis of the following indicators: pediatric staff, pediatric nursing, nutrition personnel and their legal recognition, the existence of comprehensive plans and health expenditure on childhood obesity. The search for information has been carried out through a bibliographic review and a request for access to public information to the corresponding regional councils. It were performed ratios of paediatricians and nurses per 1,000 inhabitants and health expenditure per inhabitant were calculated.results: it was observed that in spain paediatricians have a ratio according to international recommendations (1.21), but not ge-neral and paediatric nursing (with a ratio of 0.65, which is equivalent to approximately 1,544 inhabitants for each nurse), and nutrition professionals. Among autonomies there were large variations for the three categories. Comprehensive plans were outdated or absent altogether, as well as the periodic analysis of obesity expenditure. Conclusions: the approach to childhood obesity seems to vary considerably among autonomies according to the analysed indicators. Thus, it would be advisable to lead all efforts to homogenize it, to improve care quality and prevention and treatment choices in all national regions.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Prevenção Primária , Obesidade Pediátrica/prevenção & controle , Nutrição da Criança , Medicina Comunitária , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Nutricionistas , Saúde Pública , Prevenção de Doenças , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Pediatria , Gastos em Saúde
20.
Nutr Hosp ; 41(1): 244-248, 2024 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38224303

RESUMO

Introduction: The present document has the objective of justifying the incorporation of a dietician/nutritionist to the multidisciplinary teams of specialized care that provide education, food anamnesis, nutritional recommendations, treatment and follow up of those patients in risk of malnutrition in Madrid. The appropriate nutritional status of hospitalized patients bears a close relationship with the existence of dieticians at hospitals. Dieticians use nutrition therapy as a cost-effective means to achieve significant health benefits by preventing or altering the course of diabetes, obesity, hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, heart failure, osteoporosis, celiac disease, and chronic kidney disease, among other diseases.


Introducción: El presente documento tiene como objetivo plantear y justificar la incorporación del dietista-nutricionista en los equipos multidisciplinares de atención integrada en la educación, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de aquellos pacientes con patologías que cursen con alteraciones del estado nutricional, tanto en su defecto como en su exceso, en el área sanitaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. El estado nutricional de los pacientes hospitalizados se beneficiará de la incorporación del dietista-nutricionista al equipo multidisciplinar que, actualmente, se ocupa de la atención de estos. El manejo de la terapia nutricional por dietistas-nutricionistas ha demostrado ser costo-efectiva, habida cuenta de la repercusión sanitaria que tiene el estado nutricional en la evolución clínica y prevención de enfermedades como la diabetes, los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, la obesidad, el cáncer, la insuficiencia cardiaca, la osteoporosis, la enfermedad celiaca y la enfermedad renal crónica, entre otras.


Assuntos
Desnutrição , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Estado Nutricional , Hospitais Universitários , Desnutrição/terapia , Apoio Nutricional
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