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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36748696

RESUMO

As part of a culturomics study to identify bacterial species associated with inflammatory bowel disease, a large collection of bacteria was isolated from patients with ulcerative colitis. Two of these isolates were tentatively identified as members of the family Erysipelotrichaceae. Following phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and genome sequences, both strain 128T and 539T were found to be most closely related to Allobaculum stercoricanis, with G+C contents of 48.6 and 50.5 mol%, respectively, and the genome sizes of 2 864 314 and 2 580 362 base pairs, respectively. Strains 128T and 539T were strict anaerobe rods that grew in long chains between 37 and 42 °C. Scanning electron microscopy did not reveal flagella, fimbriae or visible endospores. Biochemical analysis showed nearly identical results for both strains with enzymatic activity of C4 and C8 esterases, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, ß-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-ß-glucosaminidase and arginine arylamidase. In addition, both strains produced indole and reduced nitrate. Major fatty acids were identified as C18:1 ω9c (oleic acid, 64.06% in 128T and 74.35% in 539T), C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω9t/C18:1 ω12t/UN17.834 (16.18 % in 128T and 6.22% in 539T) and C16:0 (6.23% in 128T and 7.37% in 538T). Based on these analyses two novel species are proposed, Allobaculum mucilyticum sp. nov. with the type strain 128T (=NCTC 14626T=DSM 112815T) and Allobaculum fili sp. nov. with the type strain 539T (=NCTC 14627T=DSM 112814T).


Assuntos
Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Filogenia , Humanos , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/classificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/isolamento & purificação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Intestinos/microbiologia , Colite Ulcerativa
2.
R I Med J (2013) ; 105(9): 34-36, 2022 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36300962

RESUMO

Two cases of Brucellosis were identified at a hospital in Rhode Island. In both cases, the organisms were isolated from the blood cultures. The bacteria did not appear as the classical textbook description of Brucella spp. as short, Gram-negative rods; instead, Gram-positive rods and Gram-positive cocci in chains were observed. Due to the atypical Gram stain morphology, Brucella spp. were not initially considered as a possible pathogen. Antimicrobial prophylaxes were offered to the technologists who were exposed to the organisms.


Assuntos
Brucella , Cocos Gram-Positivos , Humanos , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Bactérias , Coloração e Rotulagem
3.
Rev. ADM ; 79(4): 218-223, jul.-ago. 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396089

RESUMO

Objetivo: actualizar la información sobre la disbiosis bacteriana oral y su efecto en enfermedades bucales. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica detallada, donde la búsqueda de artículos comenzó desde el 2014 con trabajos de investigación relacionados con el tema. Se aplicaron palabras clave para facilitar y delimitar el tema. En los resultados obtenidos se observa información específica de disbiosis bacteriana y los problemas y enfermedades que causan en la cavidad bucal. Conclusión: la cavidad oral es un ecosistema muy complejo e interactivo donde se desarrollan variedades de hábitats que establecen relaciones entre los microorganismos en los distintos medios bucales. Por lo general, el cuerpo humano vive en simbiosis con dichas bacterias, esta relación hospedador-huésped es producto de años de evolución y convivencia para poder tolerar a dichas especies y por medio de años de investigación, determinar a los agentes patógenos y a los simbióticos, lo que permitirá en un futuro tener enfoques terapéuticos y científicos, para así solucionar, mejorar y evitar problemas relacionados con la salud (AU)


Objective: this review aimed to update the information on oral bacterial dysbiosis and its effect on oral diseases. Material and methods: a detailed literature review was performed, where the search for articles began in 2014 with research papers related to the topic. Keywords were applied to facilitate and delimit the topic. The results obtained show specific information on bacterial dysbiosis and the problems and diseases they cause in the oral cavity. Conclusion: the oral cavity is a very complex and interactive ecosystem where a variety of habitats develop and establish relationships between microorganisms in different oral environments. Generally, the human body lives in symbiosis with these bacteria, this host-guest relationship is the product of years of evolution and coexistence to be able to tolerate these species and through years of research to determine the pathogens and symbiotics, which will allow in the future to have therapeutic and scientific approaches, to solve, improve and avoid health-related problems (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções Bacterianas/complicações , Disbiose/etiologia , Doenças da Boca/microbiologia , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/patogenicidade , Bacilos e Cocos Aeróbios Gram-Negativos/patogenicidade , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Interações entre Hospedeiro e Microrganismos , Boca/microbiologia
4.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35536223

RESUMO

A Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium, designated strain BP52GT, was isolated from the hindgut of a Silver Drummer (Kyphosus sydneyanus) fish collected from the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the isolate belonged to the family Erysipelotrichaceae in the phylum Firmicutes and was most closely related to Clostridium saccharogumia with 93.3 % sequence identity. Isolate BP52GT grew on agar medium containing mannitol as the sole carbon source. White, opaque and shiny colonies of the isolate measuring approximately 1 mm diameter grew within a week at 20-28 °C (optimum, 24 °C) and pH 6.9-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.8). BP52GT tolerated the addition of up to 1 % NaCl to the medium. Formate and acetate were the major fermentation products. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16:1n-7t and C18:1n-7t. The genome sequence of the isolate was determined. Its G+C content was 30.7 mol%, and the 72.65 % average nucleotide identity of the BP52GT genome to its closest neighbour with a completely sequenced genome (Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum JCM 1298T) indicated low genomic relatedness. Based on the phenotypic and taxonomic characteristics observed in this study, a novel genus and species Tannockella kyphosi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for isolate BP52GT (=NZRM 4757T=JCM 34692T).


Assuntos
Cifose , Tenericutes , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Firmicutes , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/genética , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tenericutes/genética
5.
Farm. hosp ; 46(3): 1-4, May-Jun, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-203866

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analizar la eficacia y seguridad de la daptomicina frente ala vancomicina en el tratamiento de las infecciones del torrente sanguíneoasociadas a catéter vascular en pacientes oncológicos.Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientesingresados en la Unidad de Oncología-Médica entre 2010-2018 coninfección del torrente sanguíneo asociada a catéter vascular causadapor grampositivos, y que fueron tratados con vancomicina o daptomicina.Como objetivos principales se determinaron la tasa de mortalidad portodas las causas a los 30 días, el reingreso hospitalario a los 30 días yla duración de la estancia hospitalaria.Resultados: El estudio incluyó 70 pacientes con infecciones del torrentesanguíneo asociadas a catéter vascular: el 61,4% (n = 43) recibió vancomicinay el 38,6% (n = 27) daptomicina. El 78,5% (n = 55) de las bacteriasaisladas presentaron una concentración mínima inhibitoria de vancomicina≤ 1 μg/ml. No se observaron diferencias entre ambos grupos depacientes en cuanto a la tasa de mortalidad a 30 días (32,6% [n = 14] frente al 29,6% [n = 8]; p = 0,797), la tasa de reingreso a 30 días (30,2%[n = 13] frente al 29,6% [n = 8]; p = 0,957) o la duración de la hospitalización(18,9 frente a 16,5 días; p = 0,562). La tasa de nefrotoxicidadfue equivalente en ambos grupos: 7% (n = 3) para vancomicina frente al7,4% (n = 2) para daptomicina (p = 0,946).Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados muestran que ambos antibióticos sonequivalentes en su seguridad y eficacia. Por ello, vancomicina deberíaseguir siendo el tratamiento de elección para la infección del torrentesanguíneo asociada a catéter vascular, especialmente en centros con unabaja prevalencia de cepas con una susceptibilidad disminuida a vancomicina.


Objective: To analyse the effectiveness and safety of daptomycin versusvancomycin on the management catheter-related bloodstream infectionsin oncology patients.Method: A retrospective study was carried out including all patientsadmitted at the Medical Oncology Unit between 2010 and 2018 withpositive blood cultures confirmed catheter-related bloodstream infectionsdue to gram-positive microorganism, who were treated with either vancomycinor daptomycin. The primary end point was all cause 30-daysmortality, 30-days hospital readmission and length of hospital stay (lengthof hospital stay).Results: A total of 70 patients with catheter-related bloodstream infectionswere included in the present study: vancomycin was administeredto 61.4% (n = 43) and daptomycin to 38.6% (n = 27) of patients.78.5% (n = 55) of isolated bacteria showed a vancomycin minimuminhibitory concentration ≤ 1 μg/ml. No differences were observed betweenthe two groups of patients regarding the 30-day mortality rate rate (32.6% [n = 14] versus 29.6% [n = 8]; p = 0.797), the 30-day re-admissionrate (30.2% [n = 13] versus 29.6% [n = 8]; p = 0.957) or the lengthof hospital stay (18.9 versus 16.5 days; p = 0.562). Nephrotoxicity ratewas equivalent in both groups: a 7% (n = 3) of vancomycin goup versus a7.4% (n = 2) of daptomycin group (p = 0.946).Conclusions: Our results show that both antibiotics are equivalent intheir safety and effectiveness. Therefore, vancomycin should continuebeing the treatment of chose for gram-positive catheter-related bloodstreaminfections, in particular at hospital centres with a low prevalence ofstrains that show diminished susceptibility to vancomycin.


Assuntos
Humanos , Vancomicina , Daptomicina , Cateteres Venosos Centrais , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Neoplasias , Bacteriemia , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , Oncologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar
6.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 40(3): 1-6, Marzo, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-203468

RESUMO

BackgroundClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a disease that is potentially preventable by vaccination. A good knowledge of its epidemiology, which can change over time, is warranted for prevention purposes and to help decision-making on the use of vaccines in public health programs. The objective of the research was to determine the epidemiology of healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) and community-associated CDI (CA-CDI) in hospitalized patients in Spain using point prevalence data.MethodsPoint prevalence survey data on infections of hospitalized patients for years 2012–2019 were analyzed. HA-CDI and CA-CDI prevalence rates were calculated. Both HA-CDI and CA-CDI, as well as age group prevalence rates, were examined for trends. Patient comorbidities were tested for association to CDI.ResultsThe prevalence of CDI in Spanish hospitals has grown exponentially from 14.1% in 2012 to 35.9% in 2019 (cases/10.000 hospitalized patients). Almost two thirds of the cases are of nosocomial onset. This increase was observed for HA-CDI and CA-CDI at an annual rate of 1.11% (CI 95% 1.08–1.15) and 1.09% (CI 95% 1.04–1.13), respectively. Patients 50 years old or older represent 87% of the total number of cases. Patients suffering from neoplasm (OR 1.39), immunodeficiency (OR 3.26), neutropenia (OR 3.70), cirrhosis (OR 1.92) and chronic renal failure (OR 1.91) have a significant increased risk of developing CDI, after adjusting for age.ConclusionIn Spain, the prevalence rate of both HA-CDI and CA-CDI have been increasing. Burden of CDI as well as clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CDI patients will help to support public health decision-making.


AntecedentesLa infección por Clostridioides difficile (ICD) es una enfermedad potencialmente prevenible mediante vacunación. Es necesario conocer adecuadamente su epidemiología para ayudar a la toma de decisiones sobre su prevención y el uso de vacunas en programas de salud pública. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la epidemiología de ICD relacionada con la asistencia sanitaria (IRAS-CD) e ICD asociada a la comunidad (IAC-CD) en pacientes hospitalizados en España.MétodosAnalizamos los datos de encuestas de prevalencia puntual en pacientes hospitalizados durante los años 2012-2019. Calculamos las tasas de prevalencia de IRAS-CD e IAC-CD, y por grupos de edad, examinando sus tendencias. Evaluamos la asociación de ciertas comorbilidades con la ICD.ResultadosLa prevalencia de ICD en hospitales españoles ha crecido exponencialmente desde el 14,1% en 2012 al 35,9% en 2019 (casos/10.000 pacientes hospitalizados). Casi 2/3 de los casos son de inicio nosocomial. Este aumento se ha observado en IRAS-CD (1,11%; IC 95%: 1,08-1,15) e IAC-CD (1,09%; IC 95%: 1,04-1,13). Los pacientes de 50 años o más representan el 87% del total de casos. Los pacientes con neoplasia (OR: 1,39), inmunodeficiencia (OR: 3,26), neutropenia (OR: 3,70), cirrosis (OR: 1,92) e insuficiencia renal crónica (OR: 1,91) tienen un riesgo significativamente mayor de desarrollar ICD tras ajustar por edad.ConclusiónEn España la tasa de prevalencia de IRAS-CD e IAC-CD ha ido en aumento. Conocer la carga de la ICD y las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con ICD ayudará a la toma de decisiones en salud pública.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ciências da Saúde , Epidemiologia , Clostridioides difficile , Bacilos Gram-Positivos
7.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-203472

RESUMO

La transferencia de microbiota fecal (TMF) es un tratamiento eficaz y seguro para tratar la infección recurrente por Clostridioides difficile. Es esencial extremar esfuerzos para que la TMF se realice con rigor y en base a los conocimientos científicos. La selección del donante de microbiota fecal es un punto clave del proceso para garantizar la seguridad del receptor. Es necesario disponer de protocolos de actuación que permitan a los clínicos actuar con las máximas garantías y minimizar los riesgos del procedimiento. Por este motivo, en Cataluña se ha constituido un grupo de trabajo multidisciplinario con el objetivo de establecer unas recomendaciones para la selección del donante de microbiota fecal.


Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective and safe treatment to treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. It is essential to make every effort to perform FMT rigorously and based on scientific knowledge. Selection of the fecal microbiota donor is a key point of the process to ensure recipient safety. It is necessary to have protocols of action that allow clinicians to act with the maximum guarantees and to minimize the risks of the procedure. For this reason, a multidisciplinary working group has been set up in Cataluña with the aim of establishing recommendations for the selection of the fecal microbiota donor.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ciências da Saúde , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Seleção do Doador , Transplante , Espanha , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Microbiologia , Doenças Transmissíveis , Endocrinologia
8.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 45(3): 223-230, Mar. 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-204216

RESUMO

Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is currently recommended for recurrent Clostridioidesdifficile infection. However, it is interesting to acknowledge the potential therapeutic role in other diseases associated with dysbiosis. This review will focus on the current and potential indications of FMT in gastrointestinal diseases, evaluating the available evidence and also exposing the necessary requirements to carry it out.(AU)


El trasplante de microbiota fecal (TMF) está actualmente recomendado en la infección por Clostridioides difficile recurrente; sin embargo, es interesante conocer el potencial rol terapéutico en otras enfermedades asociadas a disbiosis. Esta revisión se enfocará en las indicaciones actuales y potenciales en enfermedades gastrointestinales de TMF, evaluando la evidencia disponible y además exponiendo los requerimientos necesarios para llevarlo a cabo.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transplante de Microbiota Fecal , Gastroenteropatias , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Microbiota , Disbiose , Gastroenterologia
9.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 56(1): 17-31, ene. 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1402943

RESUMO

Resumen La espectrometría de masas (MALDI-TOF MS) permite la identificación de microorganismos directamente de las colonias en pocos minutos. En este estudio se ha desarrollado y evaluado un protocolo reducido para identificar microorganismos directamente de las botellas de hemocultivos positivos en 30 minutos con una alta sensibilidad y especificidad, utilizando MALDITOF. Un total de 2535 hemocultivos positivos fueron estudiados por el método directo de MALDI-TOF MS, a partir de una alícuota de sangre de las botellas y el método de colonia, utilizando los cultivos desarrollados en medios sólidos. Del total de hemocultivos positivos incluidos en este estudio, 2381 (93,9%) fueron monomicrobianos y 146 (5,8%) polimicrobianos. Mil trescientos treinta (55,9%) de los aislamientos correspondieron a cocos gram positivos, 922 (38,7%) a bacilos gram negativos, 60 (2,5%) a anaerobios, 36 (1,5%) a bacilos gram positivos y 13 a levaduras. La concordancia global entre ambos métodos fue del 81,7% a nivel de especie (90,0% para bacilos gram negativos, 76,7% para cocos gram positivos y 33,3% para bacilos gram positivos). Se identificó al menos un germen en el 88% de las botellas positivas con desarrollo polimicrobiano. Los resultados del presente estudio demostraron que el protocolo basado en MALDI-TOF MS permite la identificación microbiana directamente de hemocultivos positivos en un tiempo corto, con una alta precisión, con excepción de los bacilos gram positivos.


Abstract Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) enables the identification of microorganisms directly from colonies within minutes. In this study this technology was adapted and tested for use with blood culture bottles, thus allowing identification in 30 minutes once the blood culture is detected as positive by the automate. A total of 2535 blood culture bottles reported as positive were tested by MALDI-TOF MS directly from positive blood culture bottles and colonies. A total of 2381 (93.9%) and 146 (5.8%) of the positive blood cultures were monomicrobial and polymicrobial, respectively. And 1330 (55.9%), 922 (38.7%), 60 (2.5%), 36 (1.5%) and 13 of the isolates were gram-positive cocci (GPC), gram-negative bacilli (GNB), anaerobic bacteria, gram-positive bacilli (GPB) and yeast respectively. Concordance between both methods was 81.7% (76.7% of GPC, 90% of GNB, 74.2% of anaerobic bacteria and 33.3% of GPB) in monomicrobial cultures. Eighty eight per cent of the polymicrobial cultures were identified correctly in at least one of the two bacteria. The results of the present study show that this fast, MALDI-TOF MS based method allows microbial identification directly from positive blood culture in a short time, with a high accuracy, with the exception of gram-positive bacilli.


Resumo A espectrometria de massa (MALDI-TOF MS) permite a identificação de microorganismos diretamente das colônias em minutos. Nesse estudo, foi desenvolvido um protocolo reduzido para identificar microrganismos diretamente das garrafas de hemoculturas positivas em 30 minutos com alta sensibilidade e especificidade, utilizando MALDI-TOF. Um total de 2535 hemoculturas positivas foram relatadas -o método direto de MALDI-TOF MS, a partir de uma alíquota de sangue dos vidros e o método de colônia, a partir das culturas desenvolvidas em meios sólidos. Do total de hemoculturas positivas incluídas neste estudo, 2.381 (93,9%) eram monomicrobianas e 146 (5,8%) eram polimicrobianas. Mil trezentos e trinta (55,9%) dos isolados corresponderam a cocos gram-positivos, 922 (38,7%) bacilos gram-negativos, 60 (2,5%) anaeróbios, 36 (1,5%) bacilos gram-positivos e 13 leveduras. A concordância geral entre os dois métodos foi de 81,7% em nivel de especie (90,0% para bacilos gram-negativos, 76,7% para cocos gram-positivos e 33,3% para bacilos gram-positivos). Pelo menos um germe foi identificado em 88% dos vidros positivos com desenvolvimento polimicrobiano. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que o protocolo baseado em MALDI-TOF MS permite a identificação microbiana diretamente de hemoculturas positivas em um curto espaço de tempo, com alta precisão, com exceção de bacilos gram-positivos.


Assuntos
Espectrometria de Massas , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Microbiologia , Tecnologia , Tempo , Bactérias , Leveduras , Indústria de Vidros , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Cocos Gram-Positivos , Guias como Assunto , Cocos , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Cultura , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento , Hemocultura , Lasers , Métodos
11.
Rev. med. vet. zoot ; 68(2): 95-104, mayo-ago. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1352096

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Mastitis is one of the most important illnesses in specialized dairy herds worldwide due to the effects on production and animal health. The types caused by CNS has a special importance in a production where the main pathogens are controlled. The objective of the present work is to determine the prevalence of CNS in a dairy herd in Boyaca and also quantify the effects of every species of CNS in SCC. 40 cows were selected and sampled during 6 months, CMT was performed, and results from 1 to trace were sampled. The routine bacteriological test was also performed for CNS identification, and the isolating of CNS was performed through rpoB gene identification and through the type of strain using the pulse gel electrophoresis procedure. Out of 960 samples, 619 were positive for CNS growth. The most prevalent species were Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S. sciuri, S. simulaans, S. haemolyticus and S. capitis. The results that were found here are similar to the results observed in different parts of the world, which confirms that they are pathogens that must be constantly evaluated because they can go unnoticed in routine controls, especially in those farms where major pathogens are not a serious problem. The results determined in this study demonstrate that CNS generates a slight increase in somatic cells.


RESUMEN La mastitis es una de las enfermedades más importantes en los rebaños lecheros especializados alrededor de todo el mundo debido a los efectos sobre la producción y la salud animal. Los tipos ocasionados por estafilococos coagualasa negativo (ECN) tienen una importancia especial en una producción en la que los principales patógenos están controlados. El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la prevalência del ECN en un hato lechero en Boyacá y cuantificar los efectos de cada especie de ECN en el conteo de células somáticas (CCS). Se seleccionaron 40 vacas y se tomaron muestras durante 6 meses, se realizó california mastitis test (CMT) y se tomaron muestras de los resultados desde 1 hasta donde hubo trazas. También se realizó la prueba bacteriológica de rutina para la identificación del ECN y el aislamiento del ECN se realizó mediante la identificación del gen rpoB y del tipo de cepa, usando el procedimiento de electroforesis en gel de pulso. De 960 muestras, 619 fueron positivas para el crecimiento del ECN. Las especies más prevalentes fueron Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S. sciuri, S. simulans, S. haemolyticus y S. capitis. Los resultados encontrados aquí son similares a resultados en diferentes partes del mundo, lo que confirma que son patógenos que deben ser evaluados constantemente porque pueden pasar desapercibidos en los controles de rutina, especialmente en aquellas fincas donde los patógenos mayores no son un problema grave. Los resultados determinados en este estudio demuestran que el SNC genera un ligero aumento de células somáticas.


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Staphylococcus , Bovinos , Células , Estudos Longitudinais , Eletroforese , Glândulas Mamárias Animais , Mastite , Medicina Veterinária , Catalase , Contagem de Células , Prevalência , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Hemólise
12.
FEMS Microbiol Lett ; 368(8)2021 05 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33930123

RESUMO

Equol, which produced from daidzein (one of the principal isoflavones), is recognized to be the most resultful in stimulating an estrogenic and antioxidant response. The daidzein transformation was studied during fermentation of five growth media inoculated with feces from a healthy human, and a daidzein conversion strain was isolated. To enrich the bacterial population involved in daidzein metabolism in a complex mixture, fecal samples were treated with antibiotics. The improved propidium monoazide combined with the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMAxx-qPCR) assay showed that the ampicillin treatment of samples did result in a reduction of the total visible bacteria counts by 52.2% compared to the treatment without antibiotics. On this basis, the newly isolated rod-shaped, Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, named strain Y11 (MN560033), was able to metabolize daidzein to equol under anaerobic conditions, with a conversion ratio (equol ratio: the amount of equol produced/amount of supplemented daizein) of 0.56 over 120 h. The 16S rRNA partial sequence of the strain Y11 exhibited 99.8% identity to that of Slackia equolifaciens strain DZE (NR116295). This study will provide new insights into the biotransformation of equol from daidzein by intestinal microbiota from the strain-level and explore the possibility of probiotic interventions.


Assuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/classificação , Equol/metabolismo , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/classificação , Isoflavonas/metabolismo , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Anaeróbias/metabolismo , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Biotransformação , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Fezes/microbiologia , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/isolamento & purificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/metabolismo , Humanos , Intestinos/microbiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA
13.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 118(11)2021 03 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33836615

RESUMO

Gram-positive bacteria assemble a multilayered cell wall that provides tensile strength to the cell. The cell wall is composed of glycan strands cross-linked by nonribosomally synthesized peptide stems. Herein, we modify the peptide stems of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis with noncanonical electrophilic d-amino acids, which when in proximity to adjacent stem peptides form novel covalent 5,3-cross-links. Approximately 20% of canonical cell-wall cross-links can be replaced with synthetic cross-links. While a low level of synthetic cross-link formation does not affect B. subtilis growth and phenotype, at higher levels cell growth is perturbed and bacteria elongate. A comparison of the accumulation of synthetic cross-links over time in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria highlights key differences between them. The ability to perturb cell-wall architecture with synthetic building blocks provides a novel approach to studying the adaptability, elasticity, and porosity of bacterial cell walls.


Assuntos
Parede Celular/química , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/química , Peptidoglicano/química , Aminoácidos/química , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Bacillus subtilis/química , Bacillus subtilis/citologia , Bacillus subtilis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bacillus subtilis/metabolismo , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/química , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/citologia , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/metabolismo , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/citologia , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/metabolismo , Peptidoglicano/metabolismo , Peptidil Transferases/genética , Peptidil Transferases/metabolismo , Fenótipo
14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33881979

RESUMO

The genera Catabacter (family 'Catabacteraceae') and Christensenella (family Christensenellaceae) are close relatives within the phylum Firmicutes. Members of these genera are strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming and short straight rods with diverse phenotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes suggest that Catabacter splits Christensenella into a polyphyletic clade. In an effort to ensure that family/genus names represent monophyletic clades, we performed a whole-genome based analysis of the genomes available for the cultured representatives of these genera: four species of Christensenella and two strains of Catabacter hongkongensis. A concatenated alignment of 135 shared protein sequences of single-copy core genes present in the included strains indicates that C. hongkongensis is indeed nested within the Christensenella clade. Based on their evolutionary relationship, we propose the transfer of Catabacter hongkongensis to the genus Christensenella as Christensenella hongkongensis comb. nov.


Assuntos
Clostridiales/classificação , Genoma Bacteriano , Filogenia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/classificação
15.
J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis ; 27: e20200027, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1287091

RESUMO

Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis are gram-positive bacterial pathogens and the causative agents of leprosy in humans across the world. The elimination of leprosy cannot be achieved by multidrug therapy alone, and highlights the need for new tools and drugs to prevent the emergence of new resistant strains. Methods In this study, our contribution includes the prediction of vaccine targets and new putative drugs against leprosy, using reverse vaccinology and subtractive genomics. Six strains of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis (4 and 2 strains, respectively) were used for comparison taking Mycobacterium leprae strain TN as the reference genome. Briefly, we used a combined reverse vaccinology and subtractive genomics approach. Results As a result, we identified 12 common putative antigenic proteins as vaccine targets and three common drug targets against Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Furthermore, the docking analysis using 28 natural compounds with three drug targets was done. Conclusions The bis-naphthoquinone compound Diospyrin (CID 308140) obtained from indigenous plant Diospyros spp. showed the most favored binding affinity against predicted drug targets, which can be a candidate therapeutic target in the future against leprosy.(AU)


Assuntos
Bacilos Gram-Positivos/patogenicidade , Vacinologia , Mycobacterium leprae/patogenicidade , Mycobacterium lepraemurium/patogenicidade
16.
J Neurosurg Pediatr ; 27(3): 287-293, 2020 Dec 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33338992

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Repeated failure of ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) is a problem familiar to pediatric neurosurgeons and patients. While there have been many studies to determine what factors are associated with the first shunt failure, studies of subsequent failures are much less common. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated risk factors of clustered shunt failures (defined as 3 or more VPS operations within 3 months). METHODS: The authors reviewed prospectively collected records from all patients who underwent VPS surgery from 2008 to 2017 at their institution and included only those children who had received all of their hydrocephalus care at that institution. Demographics, etiology of hydrocephalus, history of endoscopic third ventriculostomy or temporizing procedure, initial valve type, age at shunt placement, and other factors were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to test for the association of each variable with a history of shunt failure cluster. RESULTS: Of the 465 included children, 28 (6.0%) had experienced at least one cluster of shunt failures. Among time-independent variables, etiology of hydrocephalus (OR 0.27 for non-intraventricular hemorrhage [IVH], nonmyelomeningocele, nonaqueductal stenosis etiology vs IVH, 95% CI 0.11-0.65; p = 0.003), younger gestational age at birth (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.97; p = 0.003), history of a temporizing procedure (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.12-6.85; p = 0.028), and smaller head circumference at time of initial shunt placement (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.99; p = 0.044) showed significant association with shunt failure cluster on univariate analysis. None of these variables maintained significance in a multivariate model. Among children with a history of a shunt failure cluster, 21 (75%) had a shunt infection either prior to or during the shunt failure cluster. A comparison of the infecting organism between these children and 62 children with a history of infection but without a shunt failure cluster showed an association of cluster with gram-negative rod species. CONCLUSIONS: Six percent of children in this institutional sample had at least one shunt failure cluster. These children accounted for 30% of the total shunt revisions in the sample. Shunt infection is an important factor associated with shunt failure cluster. Children with a history of prematurity and IVH may have a higher risk for failure cluster.


Assuntos
Falha de Equipamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal , Fatores Etários , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/complicações , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/microbiologia , Feminino , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Cabeça/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Hemorragias Intracranianas/etiologia , Masculino , Neuroendoscopia , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Terceiro Ventrículo/cirurgia , Ventriculostomia
17.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol ; 70(8): 4730-4738, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32697189

RESUMO

An obligately alkaliphilic, anaerobic, proteolytic bacterium was isolated from a sample of Tanatar III soda lake sediment (Altai region, Russia) and designated as strain Z-1701T. Cells of strain Z-1701T were short, straight, motile Gram-stain-positive rods. Growth of Z-1701T obligately depended on the presence of sodium carbonate. Strain Z-1701T could utilize various peptides mixtures, such as beef and yeast extracts, peptone, soytone, trypticase and tryptone, as well as such proteins as albumin, gelatin and sodium caseinate. It was able to grow oligotrophically with 0.02 g l-1 yeast extract as the sole energy and carbon source. Carbohydrates did not support the growth of strain Z-1701T. The main products released during the growth of strain Z-1701T on tryptone were formate, acetate and ammonium. Strain Z-1701T was able to reduce ferrihydrite, Fe(III)-EDTA, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and elemental sulfur, using proteinaceous substrates as electron donors. In all cases the presence of the electron acceptor in the medium stimulated growth. The main cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 aldehyde, iso-C15 : 1 ω6, C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 aldehyde, C16 : 0 aldehyde and C14 : 0. The DNA G+C content of the isolate was 43.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated alignment of 120 protein-marker sequences revealed that strain Z-1701T falls into a cluster with the genus Tindallia, family Clostridiaceae. 16S rRNA gene sequence identity between strain Z-1701T and Tindallia species were 88.3-89.75 %. On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic position, the novel isolate is considered to be a representative of a novel genus and species for which the name Isachenkonia alkalipeptolytica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with Z-1701T (=JCM 32929Т=DSM 109060Т=VKM B-3261Т) as its type strain.


Assuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/classificação , Compostos Férricos/metabolismo , Lagos/microbiologia , Filogenia , Bactérias Redutoras de Enxofre/classificação , Álcalis , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácidos Graxos/química , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/classificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/isolamento & purificação , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Federação Russa , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Enxofre/metabolismo , Bactérias Redutoras de Enxofre/isolamento & purificação
18.
Infectio ; 24(2): 135-139, abr.-jun. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1114854

RESUMO

La bacteriemia por Clostridium sordellii es infrecuente y usualmente se origina a partir de infecciones de etiología generalmente ginecológica y puerperal, con una mortalidad de aproximadamente el 70%. Existen pocas herramientas para el diagnóstico rápido y oportuno, siendo así la experiencia de tratamiento para este germen muy limitada en otros escenarios, lo que probablemente sea la causa de su alta mortalidad. Presentamos una paciente con antecedente de masa abdominal expansiva de larga data, con diagnóstico por histopatología e inmunohistoquimica compatibles con tumor del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST por sus siglas en inglés) y estudios de extensión que confirman compromiso metastásico hepático, en quien se documenta bacteriemia por Clostridium sordellii.


Clostridium sordellii bacteriemia is infrequent and usually comes from infections of gynecological and puerperal etiology, with mortality near 70%. There are few tools for rapid and timely diagnosis. Thus, treatment experience for this pathogen is very limited in other scenarios, which is probably the cause of high mortality rates. We describe a patient with a history of expansive abdominal mass, diagnosed with metastasic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST), with Clostridium sordellii bacteremia.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Bacteriemia , Clostridium sordellii , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal , Bacilos Gram-Positivos , Sepse , Neoplasias
19.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 154(9): 351-357, mayo 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193216

RESUMO

Una de las prioridades actuales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud son las bacterias multirresistentes, dado que constituyen un problema en todo el mundo por su rápida diseminación, así como por la dificultad de su tratamiento. Además, se asocian a una alta morbilidad, mortalidad y a unos costes económicos elevados. Hay bacterias multirresistentes tanto grampositivas como gramnegativas, destacando entre ellas Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Acinetobacter baumannii resistentes a las carbapenemas, enterobacterias productoras de carbapenemasas, Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina y/o con sensibilidad intermedia a la vancomicina y Enterococcus faecium (y menos frecuentemente Enterococcus faecalis) resistente a la vancomicina. En esta revisión se comentarán los nuevos antibióticos que se han incorporado en los últimos años al arsenal terapéutico, así como otros antibióticos prometedores que se encuentran en sus últimas fases de desarrollo


One of the current priorities of the World Health Organization is multidrug-resistant bacteria, because they are a global problem due to their rapid spread and the difficulty of their treatment. In addition, they are associated with high morbidity, mortality and high economic costs. There are multidrug-resistant bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to carbapenems, enterobacteria producing carbapenemases, Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and/or with intermediate sensitivity to vancomycin, and Enterococcus faecium (and less frequently Enterococcus faecalis) resistant to vancomycin. This review will comment on the new antibiotics that have been incorporated into the therapeutic arsenal in recent years, as well as other promising antibiotics that are in their final stages of development


Assuntos
Humanos , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Tazobactam/uso terapêutico , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos
20.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol ; 70(2): 732-737, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31702538

RESUMO

An obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive and coccus-shaped bacterium, designated strain YH-panp20T, was isolated from pig faeces. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the isolate belongs to the family Erysipelotrichaceae, and is most closely related to Catenisphaera adipataccumulans KCTC 15517T (93.5 % sequence similarity), followed by Faecalitalea cylindroides KCTC 5815T (92.2 %), Faecalicoccus acidiformans KCTC 15521T (90.2 %) and Holdemanella biformis KCTC 5969T (89.6 %). Average nucleotide identity values between YH-panp20T and its closest relatives were lower than 71 %. The G+C content of the isolate was 38.4 mol%, and its cell-wall peptidoglycan was found to be of A1γ type and contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1 cis 9, C18 : 0 DMA and C16 : 0. The major end-products of glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate and formate. Therefore, based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic properties, a novel genus and species, Absicoccus porci gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for isolate YH-panp20T (=KCTC 15747T=JCM 32769T).


Assuntos
Firmicutes/classificação , Filogenia , Suínos/microbiologia , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Composição de Bases , Parede Celular/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Ácido Diaminopimélico/química , Ácidos Graxos/química , Fezes/microbiologia , Fermentação , Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/genética , Peptidoglicano/química , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência de DNA
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