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1.
J Safety Res ; 88: 374-381, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38485380

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Due to the nature of their job, firefighters face many ergonomic risk factors and are exposed to several musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prevalence of MSDs among firefighters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, SID, ISC and Google Scholar without applying a time limitation until the end of July 2022. The random effects model was used for meta-analysis, and the I2 index was used to check heterogeneity among studies. The data were analyzed using STATA version 14 software. RESULTS: The primary literature searches in the databases identified 1,291 articles, 26 of which were entered the meta-analysis stage after screening, study selection, and quality assessment, including 36,342 firefighters. Based on the results of a meta-analysis, the overall prevalence of MSDs among firefighters was 46.39% (95% CI: 32.45-60.32, I2 = 99.7%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of MSDs was also investigated at neck (18.36%), low back (34.32%), shoulder (18.68%), hands (7.43%), upper back (10.15%), knee (19.97%) and foot (6.66%). CONCLUSION: Considering the relatively high prevalence of MSDs among firefighters and their higher exposition to specific job-related risk factors of MSDs compared to other professions, it is suggested to provide firefighters with appropriate training, implement ergonomic interventions, and regularly screen them to reduce MSDs.


Assuntos
Bombeiros , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/prevenção & controle , Ergonomia , Fatores de Risco , Prevalência
2.
BMC Pulm Med ; 24(1): 151, 2024 Mar 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38521907

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible connection between occupational status and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) among the Iranian population. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 9934 individuals aged 35-70 years enrolled in the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), a component of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). Detailed questionnaires were used to collect information on various factors, such as occupation, sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, cigarette and hookah smoking, opium use, and alcohol consumption. The association between occupational class and CRD was evaluated using logistic regression models for rare events. RESULTS: In the present study, 4624 (46.55%) participants were male, and 5310 (53.45%) were female. The prevalence of CRD among all participants was 2.61%. Occupational activities were classified into two categories: In class I, the largest group was the homemaker and unemployment category (41.73%), followed by self-employment (34.39%), employment (13.03%), and retired individuals (10.84%). In class II, there were pistachio farmers (12.61%), copper miners (3.62%), and others in various occupations (83.76%). Subjects with CRD were significantly more likely to be homemakers, unemployed, elderly, female, less educated, and obese. There was no significant relationship between CRD and job type/occupational status after adjusting for some potential confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant relationship between CRD and job type/occupational status. However, longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of job type/occupational status on the risk of CRD.


Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais , Doenças Respiratórias , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Emprego , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia
3.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0300934, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38512873

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are the leading cause of disability worldwide. Shopkeepers are prone to developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders, but they are largely overlooked in research and policy actions, particularly in developing countries. So far, there is a lack of data on the magnitude and factors influencing work-related musculoskeletal disorders among shopkeepers in Ethiopia. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among shopkeepers in Gondar City, Ethiopia. METHODS: A workplace-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2022, in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 625 shopkeepers. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Analysis was made using Stata version 14. Factors associated with the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders were identified using the multivariable Poisson regression model. The adjusted prevalence ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-value < 0.05 were applied to establish the significance of associations. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among shopkeepers in the past 12 months was found to be 81.1% (N = 507). The most frequently affected body part was the lower back (46.6%), followed by the upper back (43.8%) and shoulder (35.4%). Being female (p = 0.043), being in the age group of ≥40 years (p = 0.028), being overweight (p = 0.035), experiencing job stress (p = 0.006) and prolonged sitting (p = 0.045) were significant factors for the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among shopkeepers. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that shopkeepers face an alarmingly high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Female, older, overweight, stressed and shopkeepers who sit in the same position for long periods of time were identified as particularly vulnerable groups. These findings call for the urgent development and implementation of preventive measures, including ergonomic adjustments, education and training programs, stress management techniques and the promotion of physical activity, to protect this vulnerable workforce from the debilitating effects of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and to ensure their long-term health and well-being.


Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Sobrepeso/complicações , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/complicações , Local de Trabalho , Fatores de Risco
4.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 45(3): 417-424, 2024 Mar 10.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38514319

RESUMO

Objective: To explore the association between occupational noise perception and cardiovascular disease (CVD), depression symptoms, as well as their comorbidity in occupational population and provide evidence for the prevention and control of physical and mental illnesses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, based on baseline data in population in 28 prefectures in Sichuan Province and Guizhou Province, and 33 districts (counties) in Chongqing municipality from Southwest Occupational Population Cohort from China Railway Chengdu Group Co., Ltd. during October to December 2021. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information about noise perception, depressive symptoms, and the history of CVD. Latent profile analysis model was used to determine identify noise perception type, and multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between different occupational noise perception types and CVD, depression symptoms and their comorbidity. Results: A total of 30 509 participants were included, the mean age was (36.6±10.5) years, and men accounted for 82.0%. The direct perception of occupational noise, psychological effects and hearing/sleep impact of occupational noise increased the risk for CVD, depressive symptoms, and their comorbidity. By using latent profile analysis, occupational noise perception was classified into four levels: low, medium, high, and very high. As the level of noise perception increased, the association with CVD, depressive symptoms, and their comorbidity increased. In fact, very high level occupational noise perception were found to increase the risk for CVD, depressive symptoms, and their comorbidity by 2.14 (95%CI: 1.73-2.65) times, 8.80 (95%CI: 7.91-9.78) times, and 17.02 (95%CI: 12.78-22.66) times respectively compared with low-level occupational noise perception. Conclusions: Different types of occupational noise perception are associated with CVD and depression symptom, especially in the form of CVD complicated with depression symptom. Furthermore, the intensity of occupational noise in the work environment should be reduced to lower the risk for physical and mental health.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Doenças Profissionais , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Comorbidade , Audição , Condições de Trabalho , Percepção , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia
5.
Rev Mal Respir ; 41(3): 227-236, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38429194

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to identify the epidemiological and occupational characteristics of patients with occupational asthma (OA) and to assess their clinical evolution and occupational outcomes. METHODS: We carried out a descriptive epidemiological study over a period of five years (from 2012 to 2016) about the OA cases in the private sector reported in the Tunisian region of Zaghouan. RESULTS: All in all, 165 OA cases were reported during the study period, representing an annual incidence of 733.3 cases per 1,000,000 workers in the private sector. Our study population was composed predominantly (85.5%) of women, whose mean age was 41.5±6.8years. More than three quarters of the affected persons were working in the automobile industry, and most illnesses (77%) were attributable to isocyanates. The mean time to onset of the respiratory symptoms was longer for low molecular weight agents (13.6±3.1years) compared to high molecular weight agents (12.0±3.9years) (P=0.0006). The majority of OA cases (66.7%) lost their jobs. Job loss was significantly more frequent among asthmatic women and workers with OA due to isocyanates. Among the 62 cases of OA for whom risk factors were eliminated, 45 nonetheless remained symptomatic. CONCLUSION: Effective prevention strategies involving the various actors need to be implemented in work environments so as to reduce the frequency and the medico-legal repercussions of a disabling condition.


Assuntos
Asma Ocupacional , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Asma Ocupacional/diagnóstico , Asma Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Asma Ocupacional/etiologia , Ocupações , Isocianatos , Incidência , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos
6.
Rev Bras Epidemiol ; 27: e240011, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38511821

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare cancer mortality among workers exposed to gamma and X radiation and the general population of the city of São Paulo, as well as that of the subgroup monitored with those not monitored for gamma and X radiation in a work unit with ionizing radiation based in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2021, a retrospective open cohort study was carried out with workers who were employed from 08/31/1956 to 12/31/2016 based on data collected at the company and in official institutions. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated by sex, age and calendar period of cancers grouped according to type, risk factor and organ system in two analyses: in the external analysis, the mortality of the study population was compared with that of the general population of the city of São Paulo; In the internal analysis, the mortality of the monitored subgroup was compared with that of the subgroup not monitored for gamma and X radiation. RESULTS: The external mortality analysis showed SMR=0.224 (95%CI 0.208-0.240) and the healthy worker effect, while the internal mortality analysis showed SMR=0.685 (95%CI 0.618-0.758). CONCLUSION: This study showed lower cancer mortality among exposed workers when compared to mortality in the general population and the healthy worker effect. Among workers monitored for gamma and X radiation, cancer mortality was lower when compared to those not monitored.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Radiação Ionizante , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia
7.
Physiother Res Int ; 29(2): e2081, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38511600

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is a significant impact of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on individuals of all ages, professions, and fields from various countries worldwide, leading to a negative impact on quality of life and overall health outcomes. The study was conducted to investigate the association between Burnout syndrome (BS) and MSDs among physiotherapists in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Physiotherapists of either gender and with no known co-morbidities and who were not suffering from recent injuries and accidents were included in the study. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine the level of burnout. Musculoskeletal disorders were analyzed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (NMQ). The chi-square test was used to observe the association between two categorical variables and a p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 133 participants were recruited and it was observed that 70 (53%) participants had low burnout levels (BoL). It was revealed that 65 (49%) had trouble in the neck and visited a physician clinic, 47 (35%) had trouble in the lower back during the last 12 months, 60 (45%) had trouble in the upper back during the last 12 months that prevented the normal activity and 13 (9.8%) participants had trouble in the shoulders during the last 7 days. History of chronic disease, education, practice setting, and smoking status with Burnout level was statistically significant. Trouble in the upper back, elbow, wrist/hands, hips/thighs, ankle/feet, and neck were also found to be significant. CONCLUSION: The outcomes revealed that a few demographic factors such as education, practice setting, smoking status, and chronic disease history were significantly associated with BS. Furthermore, it was observed that MSD had a significant impact on BoL.


Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Fisioterapeutas , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Esgotamento Psicológico/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Prevalência
9.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38311946

RESUMO

Objective: To analyze and summarize the trends and hot spots in the field of neurological damage caused by electric welding operations, and to provide ideas for new researches by searching the domestic and international literature. Methods: In December 2022, using Web of Science Citation Index (Web of Science), China Journal Full-Text Database (CNKI) and Wanfang Database as search databases, literature search was conducted on the Chinese and English search terms related to eletrical welding operations and neurological damage. The bibliometric analysis software VOSviewer 1.6.18 and CiteSpace 6.1.6 were used to visualize the publication year, publication quantity, country, research institution and key words of the literature. Results: A total of 309 articles (112 in Chinese and 197 in English) were included in this study. The first domestic and international papers were published in 1976 and 1994 respectively, and the number of papers reached the peak in 2006 and 2018, and then showed a downward trend to varying degrees. In China, Shandong First Medical University (including Shandong Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease Prevention and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) and Wuhan University of Science and Technology had the largest number of publications. The 309 articles were from 52 Chinese journals and 86 English journals. The co-occurrence analysis of key words showed that the domestic research mainly focused on eletrical welding operation, welding workers, neurobehavioral function and manganese, and the nervous system damage caused by manganese in welding smoke was the field of international attention. Long term exposure, risk, and performance were key buzzwords in the field. Conclusion: The research focus in the field of nervous system damage caused by electric welding operation has an obvious trend of time evolution, gradually transiting from clinical manifestations to its toxic mechanism and early biomarkers.


Assuntos
Manganês , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Doenças Profissionais , Fumaça , Soldagem , Humanos , Povo Asiático , Bibliometria , China , Manganês/análise , Manganês/toxicidade , Soldagem/métodos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Fumaça/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise
10.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38311947

RESUMO

Objective: Through the bibliometrics analysis and visual analysis of Chinese and English literature related to pneumoconiosis through CiteSpace, to understand the research situation, research trend and hotspots of pneumoconiosis, so as to provide reference for further research. Methods: In August 2022, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) data baseand Web of Science core collection database were used as data sources for literature retrieval. Cite Space.5.8.R3c software was used to analyze the cooperation between authors and institutions, keyword co-occurrence analysis, keyword clustering analysis and keyword emergence analysis. Results: A total of 4726 Chinese literature and 2490 English literature related to pneumoconiosis were included; The annual publication volume of Chinese literature shows a fluctuating downward trend, while the annual publication volume of English literature shows a fluctuating upward trend. The Institute of Labor Health and Occupational Disease of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medical Sciences and the Institute of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention have the highest publication volume (55 articles) in the institutional cooperation network; The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the United States has the highest publication volume (153 articles) in the institutional collaboration network. The results of keyword co-occurrence, clustering, and prominence analysis show that Chinese literature focuses more on clinical research on pneumoconiosis, while English literature focuses more on experimental research related to the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis. Conclusion: In the related field of pneumoconiosis research, the experimental research and clinical research on the pathogenesis are the main research hotspots.


Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais , Pneumoconiose , Humanos , Bibliometria , China , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Pneumoconiose/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos
11.
Med Probl Perform Art ; 39(1): 49-54, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38413830

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: High-string players, such as violinists and violists, are prone to neck problems. One factor can be their body posture, with often a rotated and flexed neck position with the jaw placed on a flat chinrest. The Kréddle chinrest (EC) was specifically designed to promote a more neutral neck position and prevent musculoskeletal problems among high-string players. This case report aims to evaluate the preliminary feasibility and acceptability of using the EC, with a low shoulder rest, in a pain-free professional high-string player. A secondary aim was to register newly developed pain and fatigue. METHODS: A 32-year-old professional viola player was instructed to use the EC for most of her playing time during a 6-week trial period. Outcome measures such as compliance (% of use out of total playing time over the last 7 days), performance, comfort and acceptability were assessed at baseline and at the end of each trial week. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool was used to evaluate the body posture at baseline when using the EC versus her own chinrest and shoulder rest. RESULTS: The initial trial period was interrupted after 2 days due to pain. A second 6-week period was completed. While compliance was high and there was positive feedback on how the EC affected her performance and comfort while holding the instrument, the case report identified a challenge with the complex instruction material, which made it difficult to install and adjust the product. The viola player was positive towards using EC in the end despite pain and fatigue during the trial period. CONCLUSION: This case report examined a professional viola player's 6-week experience with an EC. While positive outcomes were observed in posture, performance, and product acceptance, issues with complex instructions were noted. This study marks the first exploration of individual challenges with EC use.


Assuntos
Música , Doenças Profissionais , Viola , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Ombro , Estudos de Viabilidade , Extremidade Superior , Ergonomia , Dor , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle
12.
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev ; 27(3): 91-105, 2024 Apr 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38369511

RESUMO

The relationship of occupational exposure to endotoxins with different histologic subtypes of lung cancer has not been established. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess the effect of exposure to endotoxins on the development of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). A bibliographic search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases until December 2022, including all cohort and/or case-control studies that examined occupational exposure to endotoxins and SCLC. Risk of bias was assessed using the U.S. Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. A random effects model was applied, publication bias were assessed, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted. Four papers were selected for meta-analysis purposes. A total of 144 incident cases of SCLC and 897 population or hospital controls were included. Occupational exposure to endotoxins was considered for textile/leather industry and agricultural sector workers exposed to endotoxins originating from wool, cotton, or leather dust. Except for one study, all investigations were classified as having a low probability of risk of biases. The results of the meta-analysis were not statistically significant (pooled OR: 0.86; 95% CI:0.69-1.08). In addition, neither between-study heterogeneity (I2=0%;p=0.92) nor publication bias was observed (p=0.49). The results of the sensitivity analysis, after including five studies that assessed the risk of SCLC among textile industry and crop/livestock farm workers (not specifically exposed to endotoxins), showed a negative statistically non-significant association and low between-study heterogeneity (pooled OR: 0.90; 95% CI:0.79-1.02; I2=22%;p=0.23). Subjects exposed to occupational exposure to endotoxins seem to exhibit a negative association with the development of SCLC, although the results are not conclusive.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão , Humanos , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/induzido quimicamente , Carcinoma de Pequenas Células do Pulmão/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Endotoxinas , Têxteis , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Poeira , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia
14.
S Afr J Commun Disord ; 71(1): e1-e12, 2024 Jan 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38299534

RESUMO

BACKGROUND:  Negative attitudes and beliefs are major contributing factors to the rising numbers of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) cases in coal mines both locally and internationally. International literature confirms limited knowledge surrounding employees' attitudes and beliefs regarding NIHL and hearing protection devices (HPDs), hence the need for the study. OBJECTIVES:  To ascertain the attitudes and beliefs about NIHL and HPD use among employees at a large scale underground coal mine in Mpumalanga. METHOD:  A descriptive and exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) on Beliefs about Hearing Protection and Hearing Loss (BHPHL). Participants (n = 241) included employees from a coal mine in Mpumalanga, South Africa. RESULTS:  Out of 241 completed surveys, this study found that 84% were aware of when to replace earmuffs; 95% believed wearing HPDs could prevent hearing loss in noisy environments; 83% felt their hearing was impacted by loud noise. Additionally, 86% mentioned discomfort from earmuff pressure; 95% emphasised HPD importance; and 95% used HPDs around loud sounds. Moreover, 98% knew how to properly wear earplugs, while lower education levels were linked to higher susceptibility to NIHL. CONCLUSION:  The study identified positive attitudes towards NIHL and HPD use, but existing NIHL cases must be acknowledged. Organisations can use the findings to develop tailored hearing conservation programmes (HCP), including education, involving employees in protection decisions and promoting diligent HPD usage.Contribution: This study contributes to the limited literature on noise perceptions, NIHL, and HPD use in mining, emphasising the impact attitude has on HPD use and assessing the effect of miners NIHL knowledge on compliance. The findings, unique to coal mining, hold significance for enhancing hearing conservation and reducing NIHL.


Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/etiologia , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/prevenção & controle , África do Sul , Estudos Transversais , Audição , Carvão Mineral , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle
15.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 2719, 2024 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38302542

RESUMO

Hand-arm vibration injury is a well-known occupational disorder that affects many workers globally. The diagnosis is based mainly on quantitative psychophysical tests and medical history. Typical manifestations of hand-arm vibration injury entail episodes of finger blanching, Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and sensorineural symptoms from affected nerve fibres and mechanoreceptors in the skin. Differences in serum levels of 17 different biomarkers between 92 patients with hand-arm vibration injury and 51 controls were analysed. Patients with hand-arm vibration injury entailing RP and sensorineural manifestations showed elevated levels of biomarkers associated with endothelial injury or dysfunction, inflammation, vaso- or neuroprotective compensatory, or apoptotic mechanisms: intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1); thrombomodulin (TM), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27); von Willebrand factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and caspase-3. This study adds important knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms that can contribute to the implementation of a more objective method for diagnosis of hand-arm vibration injury.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Braço , Traumatismos da Mão , Doenças Profissionais , Doença de Raynaud , Humanos , Vibração , Mãos , Dedos/inervação , Biomarcadores
16.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38311944

RESUMO

Objective: To investigate the occupational noise hazards in five machinery manufacturing enterprises, and to evaluate the individual noise reduction values and influencing factors of workers wearing hearing protection device (HPD) by individual fit testing. Methods: From November 2021 to January 2022, 5 machinery manufacturing enterprises in Bao'an District of Shenzhen were selected to conduct an occupational health survey to understand the noise exposure level of workers. The 3MTM E-A-RfitTM fitness test system was used to test the baseline individual sound attenuation value level (PAR) of the daily wear of the ear protecters for 485 workers in typical noise working positions. Workers whose PAR values could not meet the requirements of noise reduction at work were instructed to wear and repeated tests were conducted. PAR results of the workers before and after the intervention were collected and analyzed. Results: The noise workers who received the suitability test were mainly distributed in 24 types of work, the job noise exposure level was 80.2 dB (A) ~ 95.0 dB (A), and the job noise excess rate was 52.5% (138/263). The median baseline PAR [M (Q(1), Q(3)) ] for 485 workers was 6.0 (0.0, 14.0) dB. The baseline PAR of male workers, those with more than 15 years of working experience, those with more than 15 years of using ear guards, those who considered ear guards comfortable to wear, those with college degree or above, and those exposed to noise level 90 dB (A) were higher, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). A total of 275 workers (56.7%) did not pass the baseline PAR test, and there was no statistically significant difference in the intervention rate of workers in different noise groups (P>0.05). PAR in subjects who did not pass baseline after intervention increased from 0.0 (0.0, 3.0) dB to 15.0 (12.0, 18.2) dB. Conclusion: The workplace noise hazard of machinery manufacturing enterprises is serious, and there is a great difference between the baseline PAR and the nominal value of the hearing guard worn by the noise exposed workers. The intervention measures can effectively improve the protective effect of wearing ear protectors.


Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído , Ruído Ocupacional , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Masculino , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/prevenção & controle , Dispositivos de Proteção das Orelhas , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Audição , Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Ruído Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle
17.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38311953

RESUMO

Objective: Through the analysis of five cases of occupational heat illness caused by high temperature, we expounded the pathogenesis and summarized the clinical characteristics of heat cramp and heat exhaustion of the newly revised diagnostic criteria for occupational heat illness (GBZ41-2019), in order to prevent the occurrence of occupational heat illness to put forward controllable countermeasures. Methods: According to the occupational history, clinical diagnosis and treatment and the other relevant data submitted by five patients, the diagnosis process was analyzed and summarized. Results: Five patients developed symptoms from July to August in summer, belonging to high-temperature operation. They improved by timely treatment. The symptoms, signs and laboratory tests of the five patients were different, but they were diagnosed as occupational heat illness. Conclusion: Employers should pay attention to the high temperature protection and cooling work, and strengthen the labor protection. If patients with heat cramp and heat exhaustion were timely treated, they could basically recover. Occupational disease diagnosticians should seriously study the new diagnostic criteria of occupational disease and constantly improve their diagnostic ability.


Assuntos
Exaustão por Calor , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Exaustão por Calor/complicações , Exaustão por Calor/diagnóstico , Exaustão por Calor/prevenção & controle , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/etiologia , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Doenças Profissionais/complicações , Temperatura Alta
18.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 67(1): 46-50, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38358187

RESUMO

Background: Pathologists are indispensable to the practice of medicine. Awareness of health hazards among pathologists is a crucial aspect of today's time. Numerous occupational health risks are prevalent which are mostly ignored; for example, the association of microscope use for prolonged durations leading to the development of chronic pain syndromes has been acknowledged for nearly three decades, yet most pathologists are unaware about this hazard until after it transforms into a chronic health issue. The purpose of this study is to learn its prevalence in working pathologists, make them aware of the risks, discuss and encourage them to proactively integrate strategies which are preventive in nature into their daily routine lives. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the level of risk, knowledge, awareness and biosafety measures taken by the pathologists in their routine daily work life. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a developing country, Northern India, using a standard online 50-item questionnaire enquiring about routine practices. 450 participants were enrolled consisting of 360 pathologists and 90 residents of pathology. Results: Among the 450 enrolled study participants, 84.8% complained of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), with the neck being the commonest location of pain. Furthermore, 74.8% reported visual refractive errors, among which myopia took the highest place. Work injuries were reported in 60% of participants. Intolerance reactions to chemicals especially formaldehyde was observed in 63.1%. Depression and burnout were reported in 42%. Conclusions: Although knowledge seems to be near adequate, there is a lack of implementation and a noticeable risk of health hazards namely musculoskeletal problems, injuries, visual disorders, and ergonomic issues in routine daily activities of pathologists.


Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Patologistas , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transtornos da Visão
20.
Am J Ind Med ; 67(4): 321-333, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38345456

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been associated with several health outcomes, though few occupationally-exposed populations have been studied. We evaluated mortality and cancer incidence in a cohort of perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride-based specialty chemical manufacturing workers. METHODS: The cohort included any employee who ever worked at the facility from 1961 to 2010 (N = 4045), with a primary interest in those who had 365 cumulative days of employment (N = 2659). Vital status and mortality records were obtained through 2014 and the cohort was linked to state cancer registries to obtain incident cancer cases from 1995 to 2014. Cumulative exposure was derived from a comprehensive exposure reconstruction that estimated job-specific perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS)-equivalents (mg/m3 ) exposure. Overall and exposure-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were estimated in reference to the US population. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cumulative PFOS-equivalent exposure (log2 transformed) were estimated within the cohort for specific causes of death and incident cancers using a time-dependent Cox model. RESULTS: Death rates were lower than expected except for cerebrovascular disease (SMR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.25-4.22) and bladder cancer (SMR = 3.91, 95% CI = 1.07-10.02) in the highest exposure quartile. Within the cohort, the incidence of bladder, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer were positively associated with exposure, however except for lung cancer (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00-1.11) the CIs did not exclude an HR of 1. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides some evidence that occupational exposure to PFOS is associated with bladder and lung cancers and with cerebrovascular disease.


Assuntos
Ácidos Alcanossulfônicos , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares , Fluorocarbonos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária , Humanos , Fluoretos , Estudos de Coortes , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Incidência , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia
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