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1.
HLA ; 103(1): e15192, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37596840

RESUMO

HLA Class I and II expression are known to differ locus-to-locus, however, HLA expression on the cell-surface is frequently reported as the total amount of HLA Class I or II antigens. This is despite evidence that indicates the differential expression of HLA can influence patient outcomes post-transplantation. Although numerous commercially available HLA monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exist to characterize HLA expression, there is currently a lack of detailed information regarding their reactivities to HLA specificities. The specificities of locus-specific HLA mAbs (nine Class I and four Class II mAbs) were evaluated by two solid-phase Luminex single antigen bead assays. The reactivity patterns of these mAbs were then confirmed by flow cytometry using lymphocytes and PBSCs (peripheral blood stem cells). Out of the 13 HLA mAbs tested, only four (one Class I and three Class II mAbs) displayed intra-locus reactivity without also reacting to inter-locus specificities. Epitope analysis revealed the presence of shared epitopes across numerous HLA loci, explaining much of the observed inter-locus reactivity. The specificity of the HLA mAbs seen in solid-phase assays was confirmed against PBSCs and lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Using this method, we observed differences in the cell surface expression of HLA-C, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DP between PBSCs and lymphocytes. Our results emphasize the need to characterize the reactivity patterns of HLA mAbs using solid-phase assays before their use on cells. Through understanding the reactivity of these HLA mAbs, the cellular expression of HLA can be more accurately assessed in downstream assays.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais , Células-Tronco de Sangue Periférico , Humanos , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-DP , Epitopos , Linfócitos
2.
Sci Adv ; 9(47): eadj6367, 2023 11 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38000035

RESUMO

Accurate prediction of antigen presentation by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecules is crucial for rational development of immunotherapies and vaccines targeting CD4+ T cell activation. So far, most prediction methods for HLA class II antigen presentation have focused on HLA-DR because of limited availability of immunopeptidomics data for HLA-DQ and HLA-DP while not taking into account alternative peptide binding modes. We present an update to the NetMHCIIpan prediction method, which closes the performance gap between all three HLA class II loci. We accomplish this by first integrating large immunopeptidomics datasets describing the HLA class II specificity space across all loci using a refined machine learning framework that accommodates inverted peptide binders. Next, we apply targeted immunopeptidomics assays to generate data that covers additional HLA-DP specificities. The final method, NetMHCIIpan-4.3, achieves high accuracy and molecular coverage across all HLA class II allotypes.


Assuntos
Apresentação de Antígeno , Antígenos HLA-DR , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-DR/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DP/química , Antígenos HLA-DQ/química , Peptídeos/química
3.
4.
Tohoku J Exp Med ; 261(2): 123-127, 2023 Oct 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37558420

RESUMO

The presence of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs) against anti-HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 in HLA-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with graft failure. DSAs against HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 with a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of greater than > 1,000 was shown to increase the risk of graft failure in single-unit umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Nevertheless, the impact of DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ on transplantation outcomes is not fully understood. In this report, we present a case of UCBT in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome who was positive for DSAs against HLA-DP with MFI of 1,263 before UCBT but successfully achieved neutrophil engraftment. If HLA-DP or -DQ is mismatched in UCBT, evaluating DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ is crucial to avoid graft failure. However, the criteria for DSAs against HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 may not be directly applicable to those against HLA-DP or -DQ.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas , Humanos , Antígenos HLA , Antígenos HLA-DP , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/terapia , Antígenos HLA-A
5.
Gastroenterology ; 165(4): 946-962.e13, 2023 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37454979

RESUMO

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by severe inflammation and destruction of the intestinal epithelium, and is associated with specific risk single nucleotide polymorphisms in HLA class II. Given the recently discovered interactions between subsets of HLA-DP molecules and the activating natural killer (NK) cell receptor NKp44, genetic associations of UC and HLA-DP haplotypes and their functional implications were investigated. METHODS: HLA-DP haplotype and UC risk association analyses were performed (UC: n = 13,927; control: n = 26,764). Expression levels of HLA-DP on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in individuals with and without UC were quantified. Human intestinal 3-dimensional (3D) organoid cocultures with human NK cells were used to determine functional consequences of interactions between HLA-DP and NKp44. RESULTS: These studies identified HLA-DPA1∗01:03-DPB1∗04:01 (HLA-DP401) as a risk haplotype and HLA-DPA1∗01:03-DPB1∗03:01 (HLA-DP301) as a protective haplotype for UC in European populations. HLA-DP expression was significantly higher on IECs of individuals with UC compared with controls. IECs in human intestinal 3D organoids derived from HLA-DP401pos individuals showed significantly stronger binding of NKp44 compared with HLA-DP301pos IECs. HLA-DP401pos IECs in organoids triggered increased degranulation and tumor necrosis factor production by NKp44+ NK cells in cocultures, resulting in enhanced epithelial cell death compared with HLA-DP301pos organoids. Blocking of HLA-DP401-NKp44 interactions (anti-NKp44) abrogated NK cell activity in cocultures. CONCLUSIONS: We identified an UC risk HLA-DP haplotype that engages NKp44 and activates NKp44+ NK cells, mediating damage to intestinal epithelial cells in an HLA-DP haplotype-dependent manner. The molecular interaction between NKp44 and HLA-DP401 in UC can be targeted by therapeutic interventions to reduce NKp44+ NK cell-mediated destruction of the intestinal epithelium in UC.


Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa , Antígenos HLA-DP , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Colite Ulcerativa/genética , Células Matadoras Naturais , Haplótipos , Células Epiteliais
6.
Br J Biomed Sci ; 80: 11044, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36743382

RESUMO

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms provide information on individuals' potential reactions to environmental factors, infections, diseases, as well as various therapies. A study on SNPs that influence SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity may provide a predictive tool for COVID-19 outcomes and improve the customized coronavirus treatment. Aim: To evaluate the role of human leukocyte antigens DP/DQ and IFNλ4 polymorphisms on COVID-19 outcomes among Egyptian patients. Participants and Methods: The study involved 80 patients with severe COVID-19, 80 patients with mild COVID-19, and 80 non-infected healthy volunteers. Genotyping and allelic discrimination of HLA-DPrs3077 (G/A), HLA-DQrs7453920 (A/G), and IFNλ4 rs73555604 (C/T) SNPs were performed using real-time PCR. Results: Ages were 47.9 ± 8, 44.1 ± 12.1, and 45.8 ± 10 years in severe, mild and non-infected persons. There was a statistically significant association between severe COVID-19 and male gender (p = 0.002). A statistically significant increase in the frequency of HLA-DPrs3077G, HLA-DQrs7453920A, and IFNλ4rs73555604C alleles among severe COVID-19 patients when compared with other groups (p < 0.001). Coexistence of these alleles in the same individual increases the susceptibility to severe COVID-19 by many folds (p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for the studied parameters showed that old age, male gender, non-vaccination, HLA-DQ rs7453920AG+AA, HLA-DPrs3077GA+GG, and IFNλ4rs73555604CT+CC genotypes are independent risk factors for severe COVID-19 among Egyptian patients. Conclusion: HLA-DQ rs7453920A, HLA-DPrs3077G, and IFNλ4rs73555604C alleles could be used as markers of COVID-19 severity.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Antígenos HLA-DP , Antígenos HLA-DQ , Interleucinas , Humanos , Masculino , Alelos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , COVID-19/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Antígenos HLA-DQ/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , SARS-CoV-2 , Interleucinas/genética
8.
Cytotherapy ; 25(4): 407-414, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36335019

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AIMS: While donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs) in the recipient before transplantation are associated with graft failure in cord-blood transplantation (CBT), effects of DSAs other than against HLA-A, -B or -DRB1 on transplantation outcomes remained poorly understood. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 567 single-unit CBT recipients to evaluate impact of DSAs against HLA-DP and -DQ on CBT outcomes. RESULTS: Among 143 recipients (25.2%) who had anti-HLA antibodies, nine harbored DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ. DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ were associated with a significantly lower neutrophil engraftment rate (55.6% versus 91.8%, P = 0.032) and with a marginally lower platelet engraftment rate (46.7% versus 75.3%, P = 0.128) at day 100 after transplantation, compared with patients without anti-HLA antibodies. Time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment in patients with DSAs for HLA-DP or -DQ was significantly longer than that in patients without anti-HLA antibodies (median, 25 versus 21 days, P = 0.002 in neutrophil; median 61 versus 46 days, P = 0.014 in platelet). Cumulative incidence of bacterial infection at day 100 was significantly greater (88.9% versus 57.1%, P = 0.024), and re-transplant-free survival was marginally lower (55.6% versus 76.8%, P = 0.132) in patients with DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ, compared with those without anti-HLA antibodies. These findings suggest that DSAs against HLA-DP or -DQ lead to unfavorable engraftment, which may increase risk of bacterial infection, and reduce survival soon after CBT. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest the importance of evaluating DSAs against HLA-DP and -DQ in recipients before selecting CB units.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue do Cordão Umbilical/métodos , Antígenos HLA , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II , Doadores de Tecidos , Antígenos HLA-DP , Sobrevivência de Enxerto
9.
HLA ; 101(2): 115-123, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36373504

RESUMO

The impact of preformed and de novo HLA-DP antibodies after renal transplantation remains controversial and unclear. To address the clinical relevance of HLA-DP antibodies on the outcomes in renal transplantation, we performed a random effect model meta-analysis through a systematic review from inception to December 31, 2021. The outcome was graft loss or acute rejection. Finally five articles were identified as our inclusion criteria. The study which reported 1166 patients included in the final meta-analysis of de novo HLA-DP antibodies after transplantation showed an increased risk of graft loss or acute rejection (OR = 3.6, 95% CI = 1.6-8.10, P = 0.002, I2  = 52%). In the subgroup study, we established that patients with HLA-DP DSA after renal transplantation had a 8.85-fold increased risk of graft loss or acute rejection compared with patients without HLA-DP DSA (p = 0.003).While as for HLA-DP NDSA after renal transplantation, 2.73-fold increased risk of graft loss or acute rejection compared with patients without HLA-DP antibodies (p = 0.04). Besides, the studies which reported 487 patients included in the final meta-analysis of preformed HLA-DP antibodies did not show an increased risk of graft loss or acute rejection (OR = 4.55, 95% CI = 0.79-26.16, P = 0.09, I2  = 57%). The results of our meta-analysis suggested that de novo HLA-DP antibodies especially de novo HLA-DP DSA had a significant deleterious impact on the renal transplant risk of graft loss or acute rejection, while preformed HLA-DP antibodies had a no significant deleterious impact on the risk. The routine detection of HLA-DP antibodies after renal transplantation seems to be very important and may be as one of noninvasive biomarker-guided risk stratification.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Humanos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Antígenos HLA-DP , Rejeição de Enxerto , Alelos , Anticorpos , Antígenos HLA , Isoanticorpos
10.
Proteins ; 91(2): 277-289, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36116110

RESUMO

Understanding how MHC class II (MHC-II) binding peptides with differing lengths exhibit specific interaction at the core and extended sites within the large MHC-II pocket is a very important aspect of immunological research for designing peptides. Certain efforts were made to generate peptide conformations amenable for MHC-II binding and calculate the binding energy of such complex formation but not directed toward developing a relationship between the peptide conformation in MHC-II structures and the binding affinity (BA) (IC50 ). We present here a machine-learning approach to calculate the BA of the peptides within the MHC-II pocket for HLA-DRA1, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQ allotypes. Instead of generating ensembles of peptide conformations conventionally, the biased mode of conformations was created by considering the peptides in the crystal structures of pMHC-II complexes as the templates, followed by site-directed peptide docking. The structural interaction fingerprints generated from such docked pMHC-II structures along with the Moran autocorrelation descriptors were trained using a random forest regressor specific to each MHC-II peptide lengths (9-19). The entire workflow is automated using Linux shell and Perl scripts to promote the utilization of MHC2AffyPred program to any characterized MHC-II allotypes and is made for free access at https://github.com/SiddhiJani/MHC2AffyPred. The MHC2AffyPred attained better performance (correlation coefficient [CC] of .612-.898) than MHCII3D (.03-.594) and NetMHCIIpan-3.2 (.289-.692) programs in the HLA-DRA1, HLA-DRB1 types. Similarly, the MHC2AffyPred program achieved CC between .91 and .98 for HLA-DP and HLA-DQ peptides (13-mer to 17-mer). Further, a case study on MHC-II binding 15-mer peptides of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 showed very close competency in computing the IC50 values compared to the sequence-based NetMHCIIpan v3.2 and v4.0 programs with a correlation of .998 and .570, respectively.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/metabolismo , Peptídeos/química , Antígenos HLA-DP/química , Antígenos HLA-DP/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DQ/química , Antígenos HLA-DQ/metabolismo , Aprendizado de Máquina , Ligação Proteica
11.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 119(49): e2214331119, 2022 12 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36442096

RESUMO

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules present small peptide antigens to T cells, thereby allowing them to recognize pathogen-infected and cancer cells. A central dogma over the last 50+ y is that peptide binding to HLA molecules is mediated by the docking of side chains of particular amino acids in the peptide into pockets in the HLA molecules in a conserved N- to C-terminal orientation. Whether peptides can be presented in a reversed C- to N-terminal orientation remains unclear. Here, we performed large-scale identification of peptides bound to HLA-DP molecules and observed that in addition to peptide binding in an N- to C-terminal orientation, in 9 out of 14 HLA-DP allotypes, reverse motifs are found, compatible with C- to N-terminal peptide binding. Moreover, we isolated high-avidity human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific HLA-DP-restricted CD4+ T cells from the memory repertoire of healthy donors and demonstrate that such T cells recognized CMV-derived peptides bound to HLA-DPB1*01:01 or *05:01 in a reverse C- to N-terminal manner. Finally, we obtained a high-resolution HLA-DPB1*01:01-CMVpp65(142-158) peptide crystal structure, which is the molecular basis for C- to N-terminal peptide binding to HLA-DP. Our results point to unique features of HLA-DP molecules that substantially broaden the HLA class II bound peptide repertoire to combat pathogens and eliminate cancer cells.


Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus , Peptídeos , Humanos , Aminoácidos , Citomegalovirus , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II , Antígenos HLA-DP/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia
12.
Front Immunol ; 13: 1005790, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36211367

RESUMO

Background: Pre-transplant donor specific antibodies (DSA), directed at non-self human leukocyte antigen (HLA) protein variants present in the donor organ, have been associated with worse outcomes in kidney transplantation. The impact of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) and the target HLA antigen of the detected DSA has, however, not been conclusively studied in a large cohort with a complete virtual cross-match (vXM). Methods: We investigated the effect of pre-transplant DSA on the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), graft loss, and the rate of eGFR decline in 411 DSA positive transplants and 1804 DSA negative controls. Results: Pre-transplant DSA were associated with a significantly increased risk of ABMR, graft loss, and accelerated eGFR decline. DSA directed at Class I and Class II HLA antigens were strongly associated with increased risk of ABMR, but only DSA directed at Class II associated with graft loss. DSA MFI markedly affected outcome, and Class II DSA were associated with ABMR already at 500-1000 MFI, whereas Class I DSA did not affect outcome at similar low MFI values. Furthermore, isolated DSA against HLA-DP carried comparable risks for ABMR, accelerated eGFR decline, and graft loss as DSA against HLA-DR. Conclusion: Our results have important implications for the construction and optimization of vXM algorithms used within organ allocation systems. Our data suggest that both the HLA antigen target of the detected DSA as well as the cumulative MFI should be considered and that different MFI cut-offs could be considered for Class I and Class II directed DSA.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Anticorpos , Estudos de Coortes , Rejeição de Enxerto , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Antígenos HLA , Antígenos HLA-DP , Humanos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Suíça , Doadores de Tecidos
13.
HLA ; 100(6): 582-596, 2022 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36054323

RESUMO

We collected HLA typing data from 653 families in the Eastern Han Chinese population. HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, and DPB1 (HLA-11 loci) typing of 1781 subjects was performed using a commercial next-generation sequencing (NGS) method in our laboratory. The phasing of haplotypes in each family was determined by Mendelian segregation. Haplotype analysis revealed 1634 different haplotypes among a total of 2230 haplotypes. The predominant haplotype was A*30:01-C*06:02-B*13:02-DRB1*07:01-DRB4*01:03-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02-DPA1*02:01-DPB1*17:01 (HF = 4.04%), followed by A*02:07-C*01:02-B*46:01-DRB1*09:01-DRB4*01:03-DQA1*03:02-DQB1*03:03-DPA1*02:02-DPB1*05:01 (HF = 1.84%) and A*33:03-C*03:02-B*58:01-DRB1*03:01-DRB3*02:02-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01-DPA1*01:03-DPB1*04:01 (HF = 1.48%), accounting for 7.35% of the total. Meanwhile 76.41% of all haplotypes were observed only once or twice (HF < 0.1%). Different from HLA-DRB3/4/5 and DQA1 loci, DP linkage markedly increased haplotype variation by 34.82% based on the 5-locus haplotype. The much weaker linkage disequilibrium (LD) of DQB1-DPB1 indicated the reason. We observed 10 analyzable recombination events, most of which occurred at DP loci. Even with the same common 5-locus haplotype, HLA-DP linkage alters the haplotype diversity and frequency. Analysis of related haplotype assignment and unrelated recipient-donor pairs matching at the 9-locus haplotype revealed that HLA-DP affects the donor selection strategy. Haplotype study of a large sample size using NGS identified linkage haplotypes beyond the 5 loci. LD, recombination events, and haplotype variation caused by DP loci emphasized that HLA 9-locus haplotype matching should be considered in donor selection, particularly the effect of DP loci. The finding lays the foundation for further studies on the effect of HLA-DP mismatch on transplantation.


Assuntos
Seleção do Doador , Antígenos HLA-DP , Humanos , Haplótipos , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Alelos , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , China , Frequência do Gene , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Cadeias beta de HLA-DQ/genética
14.
Front Immunol ; 13: 897781, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35967347

RESUMO

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is generally asymptomatic as latent tuberculosis, but it is still known as the world's leading bacterial cause of death. The diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection relies on the evidence of cellular immunity to mycobacterial antigens. Since the association between HLA class II and tuberculosis infection has been reported in several population groups, a detailed study on the CD4+ T cell response to major tuberculosis antigens is needed. To elucidate which HLA class II allotypes in an individual are preferentially used in tuberculosis, CD4+ T cells specific to TB10.4, Ag85b, ESAT-6, and CFP-10 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens were analyzed comprehensively. A total of 33 healthy donors were analyzed by ex vivo and cultured ELISPOT using panels of artificial antigen-presenting cells expressing a single HLA class II allotype. The CD4+ T cell responses were increased by an average of 39-fold in cultured ELISPOT compared with ex vivo ELISPOT. In ex vivo and cultured ELISPOT, CD4+ T cell responses showed significantly higher by HLA-DR than those of HLA-DQ and HLA-DP locus. In cultured ELISPOT, 9 HLA-DR allotypes, 4 HLA-DQ allotypes, and 3 HLA-DP allotypes showed positive CD4+ T cell responses. Among ten donors with positive CD4+ T cell responses when tested for mixed Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, seven donors were positive for only a single allotype, and three were positive for two allotypes in an individual. However, only one allotype was used for a single antigen-specific response when a single tuberculosis antigen was used individually. These results on the distribution of HLA class II allotypes showing high CD4+ T-cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens and the intra-individual allotype dominance will provide valuable information for understanding the immunobiology and immunogenetics of tuberculosis, which can contribute to the development of more effective vaccines.


Assuntos
Tuberculose Latente , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos , Antígenos de Bactérias , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos , Antígenos HLA-DP , Antígenos HLA-DQ/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DR , Humanos
15.
Brain ; 145(10): 3536-3545, 2022 10 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35869598

RESUMO

Females show a disproportionate burden of Alzheimer's disease pathology and higher Alzheimer's disease dementia prevalences compared to males, yet the mechanisms driving these vulnerabilities are unknown. There is sexual dimorphism in immunological functioning, and neuroimmune processes are implicated in Alzheimer's disease genesis. Using neuropathology indicators from human brain tissue, we examined the mediational role of microglial activation on the relationship between amyloid and tau and how it differs by sex. 187 decedents (64% female; 89 mean age at death; 62% non-demented) from the Rush Memory and Aging Project completed neuropathological evaluations with brain tissue quantified for microglial activation, amyloid-ß and tau. Proportion of morphologically activated microglia was determined via immunohistochemistry (HLA-DP-DQ-DR) and morphological staging (stage I, II or III). Amyloid-ß and tau burden were quantified via immunohistochemistry (M00872 or AT8, respectively). Using causal counterfactual modelling, we estimated the mediational effect of microglial activation on the amyloid-ß to tau relationship in the whole sample and stratified by sex (amyloid-ß â†’ microglial activation → tau). Alternative models tested the role of microglia activation as the precipitating event (microglial activation → amyloid-ß â†’ tau). Microglial activation significantly mediated 33% [95% confidence interval (CI) 10-67] of the relationship between amyloid-ß and tau in the whole sample; stratified analyses suggested this effect was stronger and only statistically significant in females. 57% (95% CI 22-100) of the effect of amyloid-ß on tau was mediated through microglial activation in females, compared to 19% (95% CI 0-64) in males. Regional analyses suggested that mediational effects were driven by greater cortical versus subcortical microglial activation. Relationships were independent of cerebrovascular disease indices. Alternative models suggested that in females, microglial activation was a significant exposure both preceding the amyloid-ß to tau relationship (mediational effect: 50%, 95% CI 23-90) and directly related to tau burden (microglia direct effect: 50%, 95% CI 10-77). By contrast, in males, only the direct effect of microglial activation to tau reached significance (74%, 95% CI 32-100) (mediational effect: 26%, 95% CI 0-68). Our models suggest a reciprocal, bidirectional relationship between amyloid-ß and microglial activation that significantly accounts for tau burden in females. By contrast, in males, direct independent (non-mediational) relationships between microglial activation or amyloid-ß with tau were observed. Microglial activation may be disproportionately important for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis in females. Determining sex-specific vulnerabilities to Alzheimer's disease development both inform fundamental pathophysiology and support precision health approaches for this heterogeneous disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Idoso , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Microglia/patologia , Proteínas tau , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides , Antígenos HLA-DP
16.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 110: 108982, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35752129

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Studies have reported that the immune system modulation genes are involved in the seroconversion during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Here, a systematic review with meta-analysis is implemented on the association of polymorphisms in immune-related genes with the spontaneous hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in the main electronic databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science before May 2022. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the strength of the association between genetic polymorphisms and the chance of spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion. RESULTS: A total of 40 studies finally included for meta-analysis of 2 HLA-DP SNPs, 2 HLA-DQ SNPs, 3 IFNL3/4 SNPs, 2 IL10 SNPs, and 5 TNF SNPs. Based on the overall pooled analysis, HLA-DP rs3077 A (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.32-1.65), HLA-DP rs9277535 A (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.32-1.66), HLA-DQ rs2856718 G (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.18-1.59), HLA-DQ rs7453920 A (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.04-1.93), IFNL3/4 rs12980275 G (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01-1.58), TNFA rs1799964 T (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.02-1.35), and TNFA rs1800630 C (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.03-1.55) increased significantly the chance of spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed that the HLA-DP gene rs3077 and rs9277535 SNPs, HLA-DQ gene rs2856718 and rs7453920 SNPs, IFNL3/4 gene rs12980275 SNP, TNFA gene rs1799964 and rs1800630 SNPs are involved in the spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion.


Assuntos
Hepatite B Crônica , Hepatite B , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Antígenos HLA-DQ/genética , Hepatite B/genética , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/genética , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Soroconversão
18.
Front Immunol ; 13: 831822, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35251023

RESUMO

In the context of HLA-DP-mismatched allogeneic stem cell transplantation, mismatched HLA-DP alleles can provoke profound allo-HLA-DP-specific immune responses from the donor T-cell repertoire leading to graft-versus-leukemia effect and/or graft-versus-host disease in the patient. The magnitude of allo-HLA-DP-specific immune responses has been shown to depend on the specific HLA-DP disparity between donor and patient and the immunogenicity of the mismatched HLA-DP allele(s). HLA-DP peptidome clustering (DPC) was developed to classify the HLA-DP molecules based on similarities and differences in their peptide-binding motifs. To investigate a possible categorization of HLA-DP molecules based on overlap of presented peptides, we identified and compared the peptidomes of the thirteen most frequently expressed HLA-DP molecules. Our categorization based on shared peptides was in line with the DPC classification. We found that the HLA-DP molecules within the previously defined groups DPC-1 or DPC-3 shared the largest numbers of presented peptides. However, the HLA-DP molecules in DPC-2 segregated into two subgroups based on the overlap in presented peptides. Besides overlap in presented peptides within the DPC groups, a substantial number of peptides was also found to be shared between HLA-DP molecules from different DPC groups, especially for groups DPC-1 and -2. The functional relevance of these findings was illustrated by demonstration of cross-reactivity of allo-HLA-DP-reactive T-cell clones not only against HLA-DP molecules within one DPC group, but also across different DPC groups. The promiscuity of peptides presented in various HLA-DP molecules and the cross-reactivity against different HLA-DP molecules demonstrate that these molecules cannot be strictly categorized in immunogenicity groups.


Assuntos
Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro , Antígenos HLA-DP , Efeito Enxerto vs Leucemia , Humanos , Peptídeos , Linfócitos T
19.
Hum Immunol ; 83(2): 113-118, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34955228

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Basic and clinical studies about parathyroid allotransplantation have to be utilized with more definitive criteria for longer graft survival. Several reports demonstrated different isolation and cultivation methods for parathyroid cells to minimize their immunogenicity. In this study, we aim to compare and evaluate the clinical characteristics and the status of HLA class II expression changes in parathyroid tissue. METHODS: A total of 22 parathyroid hyperplasia tissue donors was included in this study. Clinical characteristics were evaluated and compared with the HLA-DR, -DP, -DQ mRNA, and protein expression levels which were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: We have compared the clinical characteristics (age, dialysis duration, frequency, recurrency of hyperparathyroidism and, calcimimetic usage) and HLA class II expression. HLA class II mRNA and protein levels showed varied expression patterns between tissues. Only, the HLA-DP has high mRNA expression levels without affecting the protein level when compared with the ages of the tissue donors. In addition, the HLA-DR, HLA-DP, and HLA-DQα1 protein expression levels showed a permanent and varied expression rate between tissues. CONCLUSION: Expression of HLA class II molecules in parathyroid cells appears to constitute a decisive factor. Despite the lack of clinical outcomes, present data proposes new insight with a detailed understanding of parathyroid immunogenicity. In the future, randomized controlled clinical trials are needed for the accurate assessment of the effect of the varied HLA class II expression profiles in parathyroid tissue.


Assuntos
Antígenos HLA-DP , Antígenos HLA-DQ , Antígenos HLA-D/genética , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Antígenos HLA-DQ/genética , Antígenos HLA-DR/genética , Humanos , Seleção de Pacientes , Doadores de Tecidos
20.
Hum Fertil (Camb) ; 25(4): 716-727, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33787425

RESUMO

This study aimed to explore common molecular changes in the infertile endometrium from women with and without endometriosis (EM). By analyzing the dataset GSE120103 from Gene Expression Omnibus, a total of 3252 shared differentially expressed genes were identified between ovarian EM in infertile vs. fertile endometrium and EM-free infertile vs. fertile endometrium. In addition, the gene annotation and pathway analysis of the shared differentially expressed genes with the same expression trend indicated that the pathway 'MHC class II antigen presentation' and five candidate genes: HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB3, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1 were both down-regulated in infertile endometrium with or without EM. Logistic regression showed that HLA-DRA might be an independent predictor of the infertile status of the endometrium. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed that some classic antigen-presenting cells: macrophages type 1, macrophages type 2, and mature dendritic cells were significantly down-regulated in infertile endometrium with or without EM, whose enrichment correlated positively with the expression of candidate HLA molecules. Hence, the down-regulation of HLA-DRs and HLA-DPs reflecting the deficiency of antigen-presenting cells in endometrium might serve as a common biomarker for diagnosing endometrium-associated infertility in women with and without endometriosis.


Assuntos
Endometriose , Infertilidade Feminina , Feminino , Humanos , Endometriose/genética , Endometriose/metabolismo , Infertilidade Feminina/genética , Infertilidade Feminina/metabolismo , Regulação para Baixo , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DR/genética , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DR/metabolismo , Endométrio/metabolismo , Células Apresentadoras de Antígenos/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-DP/genética , Antígenos HLA-DP/metabolismo
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