Actualización y reflexiones en Sexología / News and thoughts on sexology

Se presenta en esta sección una revisión de los artículos científicos de mayor impacto publicados entre septiembre y noviembre del 2023 en las revistas internacionales sobre Sexología con mayor reconocimiento a nivel nacional e internacional.(AU)

Formación en sexología y su influencia en las actitudes de las enfermeras hacia la sexualidad / Sexology training and its influence on nurses’ attitudes toward sexuality

Introducción: Tener unas actitudes tolerantes hacia la sexualidad, junto con la formación en sexología son aspectos clave para favorecer el abordaje de la sexualidad en la práctica profesional de las enfermeras. Por ello, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue comprobar si recibir formación en sexología durante los estudios de Grado en Enfermería influye sobre las actitudes hacia la sexualidad del alumnado. Método: Se realizó un estudio caso-control en 127 estudiantes de la Facultad de Enfermería de Gijón, dividiendo a la muestra en función de si habían recibido o no formación específica en sexología. Para medir dichas actitudes se utilizó una versión adaptada al castellano del Trueblood Sexual Attitude Questionnaire (TSAQ), analizándose los datos mediante el programa SPSS. Resultados: Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,015) entre la puntuación media total obtenida en el TSAQ por los estudiantes que sí habían recibido formación en sexología (6,53 ± 0,81) comparada con los que no (6,13 ± 1,06). De igual modo, las actitudes de las personas integrantes de ambos grupos son más liberales para los comportamientos ajenos (7,53 ± 0,76 frente a 7,25 ± 1,06) que para los propios (5,54 ± 1,03 frente a 5,00 ± 1,28), respectivamente. Conclusiones: Se verifica que recibir formación en sexología se relaciona con la tenencia de unas actitudes hacia la sexualidad más liberales. Sólo un 24,8% de las Facultades de Enfermería españolas ofertan asignaturas específicas en sexología (AU)

Background: Sexology training and a tolerant attitude towards sexuality are key for nurses to be able to approach the topic appropriately at work. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to determine whether sexology training as part of the nursing degree affects students’ attitudes towards sexuality. Method: A case-control study was performed on 127 students and postgraduates from Facultad de Enfermería de Gijón, dividing the sample in two groups according to their attendance to specific sexology training. The attitudes were assessed using a translated version of Trueblood Sexual Attitude Questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: There are statistically significant differences (p= 0.015) between the mean total score from the group that had received the training (6.53 ± 0.81) and the mean total score from the group that hadn’t (6.13 ± 1.06). Attitudes from members of both groups were more open towards other people’s behaviour (7.53 ± 0.76 versus 7.25 ± 1.06) than towards their own (5.54 ± 1.03 versus 5.00 ± 1.28), respectively. Conclusions: It is verified that receiving sexology training correlates with more liberal attitudes towards sexuality. Only 24.8% of nursing faculties in Spain offer specific sexology courses (AU)

Pornography consumption, premarital sex attitudes, and the moderating role of age: Replication in two U.S. panels.

Pornography use, sexual attitudes, and age differences in sexual outcomes have each been of longstanding interest to sexologists. Few sexological studies have considered how the association between pornography consumption and sexual attitudes may be moderated by age differences, however. Further, few pornography scholars have directed their research efforts toward replication studies despite calls for an increased emphasis on replication across the social and behavioral sciences. This rapid communication attempted to replicate one of the earliest longitudinal panel studies of the relationship between pornography consumption and sexual attitudes among U.S. adults and the first to examine whether the prospective association between pornography use and attitudes toward premarital sex varies by the age of the pornography consumer. While the present replication results were largely consistent with the original study, they also reinforced the position that complexity of analysis and nuance of interpretation are dual requirements for informative replication studies.

Sex, science and curated community at the World League for Sexual Reform 1929 conference.

This article interrogates the scientific conference as a means by which the organizers of the World League for Sexual Reform's 1929 conference attempted to marshal the 'scientific spirit' in order to present progressive sexual reform as a rational and scientifically informed undertaking. The conference was carefully curated to make the sex reform movement (and the assorted characters that gathered under its banner) look serious, legitimate and, most importantly, scientific. The conference was also an attempt by organizer Norman Haire to exert control over the strategy of sexology, an enterprise that put him at odds with other prominent sexologists of the time. Crucially, Haire understood sexology as inherently intellectually interdisciplinary, but was strategically convinced that the only sound rubric through which to promote and gain acceptance for the movement was through medical science. This central debate, about how best to define the contested concept of sexology, continues among historians today. By examining how the 1929 conference organizers wrestled to define their sex-reforming remit and how they curated the conference to that end, this paper will offer a window onto the mechanisms via which adherents of intellectual communities contend with heterogeneity, how we judge forms of knowledge and, ultimately, what constitutes science.

[New research issues in the history of German sexology and sexual medicine]. / Neue Forschungsfragen in der Geschichte der deutschsprachigen Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin.

New research questions in the history of German sexology and sexual medicine include a new look at the Imperial and the Weimar Republic periods and Magnus Hirschfeld as a protagonist, as well as the contemporary history of the discipline in the Federal Republic with the two formative institutes in Frankfurt (Volkmar Sigusch) and Hamburg (Eberhard Schorsch). In the post-war period, the tendency to try to solve social problems through endocrinological and surgical approaches continued. This included the (voluntary) castration of sex offenders, which has been regulated by law in the West Germany since 1969. Questions of gender identity do not only arise in the context of gender reassignment surgery. They also have high social relevance and have become increasingly politicized in recent years. These questions are also persistently relevant for urology and clinical sexual medicine.

Social Media Communication About Sexual Violence May Backfire: Online Experiment with Young Men.

Sexual violence harms millions of individuals each year in the United States. Survivors of sexual violence endure long-term hardships such as significant financial setbacks, physical and mental health consequences, academic challenges, and stunted career achievement. Digital feminist activism (DFA) has created space online where women can disclose experiences of sexual violence. Research thus far has been limited to documenting the existence and value of DFA for those who participate and has not addressed whether DFA can influence a key demographic for prevention, young men. We conducted an experiment to examine the impact of DFA on college-aged men's reactance to messaging, rape myth acceptance, knowledge about severity, and susceptibility to perpetrate sexual violence. University men (n=230, 18-29 years old) were randomized to one of three conditions: (1) tweets from women challenging rape myths, (2) tweets from women providing information about sexual violence harms, or (3) no exposure control. Tweets challenging rape myths or providing information did not impact rape myth perceptions, knowledge, or susceptibility. Participants had greater reactance (unintended outcome) to tweets challenging rape myths, and subsequently higher rape myth acceptance and lower knowledge about the severity of sexual violence. Rape myth acceptance was associated with susceptibility to perpetrate sexual violence overall. Our finding that some forms of DFA have a negative, indirect influence among college-aged males highlights important unintended consequences and the need for more efficacious communication to prevent sexual violence perpetration.

The Case for Space Sexology.

Space poses significant challenges for human intimacy and sexuality. Life in space habitats during long-term travel, exploration, or settlement may: detrimentally impact the sexual and reproductive functions of astronauts, restrict privacy and access to intimate partners, impose hygiene protocols and abstinence policies, and heighten risks of interpersonal conflicts and sexual violence. Together, this may jeopardize the health and well-being of space inhabitants, crew performance, and mission success. Yet, little attention has been given to the sexological issues of human life in space. This situation is untenable considering our upcoming space missions and expansion. It is time for space organizations to embrace a new discipline, space sexology: the scientific study of extraterrestrial intimacy and sexuality. To make this case, we draw attention to the lack of research on space intimacy and sexuality; discuss the risks and benefits of extraterrestrial eroticism; and propose an initial biopsychosocial framework to envision a broad, collaborative scientific agenda on space sexology. We also underline key anticipated challenges faced by this innovative field and suggest paths to solutions. We conclude that space programs and exploration require a new perspective - one that holistically addresses the intimate and sexual needs of humans - in our pursuit of a spacefaring civilization.

Saúde mental e abortamento voluntário na audiência pública da ADPF442/STF / Mental health and voluntary abortion in the public hearing of ADPF442/STF / Salud mental y aborto voluntario en la audiencia pública del ADPF442/STF

O estudo teve como objetivo identificar os argumentos da estratégia de persuasão dos discursos apresentados na audiência pública sobre a Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental-ADPF 442, realizada em 2018, cujo propósito era discutir sobre a interrupção voluntária da gravidez até a 12ª semana. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, analítico-descritiva e documental. O objeto de análise foi o registro da audiência, apresentado em vídeo, disponibilizado na plataforma digital YouTube, e em ata lavrada pelo STF, ambos de acesso público. A partir de uma análise do discurso, identificou-se os argumentos utilizados na estratégia de persuasão, que foram sistematizados em quatro categorias de argumentos para cada um dos dois grupos identificados: o grupo pró e o grupo contra a descriminalização do aborto. As três primeiras categorias, Saúde mental, Direito e Saúde pública, mesmo com diferenças na forma de apresentar o argumento, se repetem nos dois grupos. Todavia, a quarta categoria, Pressupostos, se diferenciou. No grupo pró descriminalização do aborto, apresentou-se como Pressupostos filosóficos e científicos, e no grupo contra, como Pressupostos morais. Por fim, a defesa da saúde mental das mulheres foi o principal argumento numa forma de humanizar o sofrimento vivido pelas que desejam abortar e não encontram o suporte do Estado para assegurar sua dignidade, cidadania e efetiva igualdade, garantidas constitucionalmente.(AU)

The study aimed to identify the arguments of the persuasion strategy of the speeches presented at the public hearing on the Action Against the Violation of Constitutional Fundamental Rights -ADPF 442, held in 2018, whose purpose was to discuss the voluntary interruption of pregnancy until the 12th week. To this end, a qualitative, analytical-descriptive, and documentary research was carried out. The object of analysis was the video recording of the hearing available on the YouTube platform, and in minutes drawn up by the STF, both of which are public. Based on a discourse analysis, the arguments used in the persuasion strategy were identified, which were systematized into four categories of arguments for each of the two identified groups: the group for and the group against the decriminalization of abortion. The first three categories, Mental Health, Law and Public Health, even with differences in the way of presenting the argument, are repeated in both groups. However, the fourth category, Assumptions, differed. In the group for the decriminalization of abortion, it was presented as Philosophical and Scientific Assumptions, whereas the group against, as Moral Assumptions. Finally, the defense of women's mental health was the main argument in a way of humanizing the suffering experienced by those who wish to have an abortion and do not find the support of the State to guarantee their dignity, citizenship, and effective equality, constitutionally guaranteed.(AU)

El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los argumentos de la estrategia de persuasión de los discursos presentados en la audiencia pública sobre el Argumento por Incumplimiento de un Percepto Fundamental -ADPF 442, realizada en 2018, con el objetivo de discutir la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo hasta la 12.ª semana. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa, analítico-descriptiva y documental. El objeto de análisis fue la grabación de la audiencia, que está disponible en la plataforma digital YouTube, y actas levantadas por el Supremo Tribunal Federal -STF, ambas de acceso público. A partir de un análisis del discurso se identificaron los argumentos utilizados en la estrategia de persuasión, los cuales se sistematizaron en cuatro categorías de argumentos para cada uno de los dos grupos identificados: el grupo pro y el grupo en contra de la despenalización del aborto. Las tres primeras categorías ("salud mental", "derecho" y "salud pública") aún con diferencias en la forma de presentar el argumento se repiten en ambos grupos. Pero difiere la cuarta categoría "supuestos". En el grupo a favor de la despenalización del aborto se presentó como "supuestos filosóficos y científicos", y en el grupo en contra, como "supuestos morales". Finalmente, la defensa de la salud mental de las mujeres fue el principal argumento en un intento por humanizar el sufrimiento que viven aquellas que desean abortar y no encuentran el apoyo del Estado para garantizar su dignidad, ciudadanía e igualdad efectiva, preconizadas por la Constitución.(AU)

Atendimento psicossocial à mulher que comete ofensa sexual / Psychosocial attention for women that commit sexual offenses / Atención psicosocial para mujeres que cometen delitos sexuales

Objetivamos apresentar uma proposta de atendimento psicossocial grupal oferecida para mulheres adultas que cometeram ofensa sexual, cuidadoras e mães. A experiência está sendo desenvolvida no Distrito Federal, Brasil, com pessoas do gênero feminino provenientes de encaminhamento judicial. Carece que os profissionais das áreas da justiça, saúde, serviço social e psicologia avancem no estudo e na compreensão desta temática, de modo a pensarem a atuação e o apoio terapêutico a essas mulheres. O modo de atendimento é focal e breve, com ênfase na criação de um ambiente lúdico como facilitador das interações grupais e da discussão sobre os temas: identidade; confiança nas relações afetivas e sociais; vivência pessoal com violência física e sexual; configuração de gênero; e expressão da sexualidade e futuro. A abordagem individual também se baseia no enfoque dos temas mencionados. O oferecimento de ajuda à mulher cuidadora ou à mãe tem participação ativa na interrupção do circuito abusivo sexual, pois essa violência é extremamente ocultada, ocasionando uma prolongada vulnerabilidade para as vítimas. Ressalta-se o valor do texto indicando a descrição de ação voltada para uma população permanentemente não estudada e evitada em seu reconhecimento. Os limites desta proposta encontram-se na falta de outras iniciativas que possibilitem uma discussão sobre essa experiência.(AU)

We aim to present a proposal of a group psychosocial intervention offered for adult female sexual offenders, caregivers, and mothers. The intervention is being developed at Federal District, Brazil, with female people coming from judicial referrals. Professionals in the areas of justice, health, social work, and psychology need to advance in the study and understanding this theme to think about action and therapeutic support for these women. The intervention is a focal and brief approach, with emphasis on the creation of a ludic environment as a facilitator of group interactions and discussion about the themes: identity; trust in affective and social relationships; personal experience with physical and sexual violence; gender configuration; and sexuality expression and future. The individual approach is also based on focusing on these themes. The offering of help to the female caregiver or the mother has an active participation in the interruption of the sexual offense circuit, since this violence is extremely hidden, bringing a prolonged condition of vulnerability to the victims. The value of this text is highlighted indicating the description of an action directed to a population that is permanently not studied and whose recognition is avoided. The limits of this proposal are found in the absence of other initiatives that would allow a discussion about this experience.(AU)

Este texto presenta una propuesta de atención psicosocial grupal destinada a mujeres adultas que han cometido delito sexual, a cuidadoras y madres. La intervención se está desarrollando en el Distrito Federal (Brasil), con personas del género femenino provenientes de remisiones judiciales. Es necesario que los profesionales de las áreas de justicia, salud, trabajo social y psicología avancen en el estudio y comprensión de esta temática para pensar en el desempeño y apoyo terapéutico de estas mujeres. El servicio es enfocado y breve, con énfasis en la creación de un ambiente lúdico como facilitador de interacciones grupales y discusión sobre los temas: identidad; confianza en las relaciones afectivas y sociales; experiencia personal con violencia física y sexual; configuración de género; y expresión de la sexualidad y el futuro. El enfoque individual también se centra en estos temas. La oferta de ayuda a la mujer cuidadora o a la madre es importante para la interrupción del circuito de abuso sexual, ya que esta violencia es extremadamente oculta y provoca una vulnerabilidad prolongada a las víctimas. Se destaca el valor del texto con la descripción de la acción dirigida a una población que no es objeto de estudios ni reconocida. Los límites de esta propuesta se encuentran en la ausencia de otras iniciativas que permitan un debate sobre esta experiencia.(AU)

Wilhelm Reich and Sexology from Below.

One of sexologist Wilhelm Reich's most ambitious and enduring theories claims that sexuality and sexual repression play a central role in the production and reproduction of class structures and hierarchies. From 1927-1933, Reich combined his sexological work with his communist political convictions in a movement that became known as sex-pol. Reich developed some of his most provocative and potentially emancipatory theories through this empirical work with members of working-class communities. Though they often remain anonymous in his writings, the traces of their voices remain audible throughout. In this paper, I employ a Gramscian method, developed by post-colonial scholars, to read for the trace of proletarian voices in Reich's archive. I argue that these subjects helped to theorize the role of sex in producing and reproducing class oppression. Reading for the trace of proletarian voices in the archive expands our understanding of how working-class subjects in early twentieth-century Germany and Austria helped to produce concrete sexological knowledge from below.

A Sexologia e Seus Especialistas na Mídia Durante a Pandemia da Covid-19 / Sexology and Its Media Experts During the Covid-19 Pandemic / Sexología y Sus Expertos en Medios Durante la Pandemia del Covid-19

No escopo de uma pesquisa de abrangência nacional sobre práticas sexuais e gestão de risco, nos chamou atenção, na procura por materiais de mídia relacionando sexo e sexualidades com a pandemia de Covid-19, a presença majoritária de um grupo de "especialistas" ligados ao campo heterogêneo da Sexologia, tais como psicólogas, psiquiatras, urologistas, sexólogas, educadoras sexuais, associadas/os aos infectologistas. Por meio da pesquisa de palavras-chave, via buscador do Google, inventariamos um número de 44 matérias oriundas de sites de grupos jornalísticos grandes e alternativos, bem como de clínicas, associações profissionais e blogs particulares, publicadas entre março de 2020 a julho de 2021. Dessas, concentramos nossa análise em 30 matérias correspondentes àquelas veiculadas pelos grupos jornalísticos grandes e alternativos. A leitura realizada foi inspirada pela problemática da produção de objetos via práticas enunciativas e materiais, mediante as quais associações entre elementos diversos, perguntas e respostas explicitadas vão estabilizando não só os sentidos, mas os próprios objetos em disputa, no caso aqui observado, as práticas sexuais. Ao final de nosso estudo, percebeu-se que o sexo e a sexualidade produzidos pelos "especialistas" através dos canais de mídia tendem à generalização dos corpos e a descontextualização das práticas.

In the scope of a nationwide survey on sexual practices and risk management, what caught our attention, in the search for media materials relating sex and sexualities to the Covid-19 pandemic, the majority presence of a group of "specialists" linked to the heterogeneous field of Sexology, such as psychologists, psychiatrists, urologists, sexologists, sex educators, associated with infectologists. Through keyword research, via google search, we inventoried a number of 44 articles from large and alternative journalistic groups websites, as well as clinics, professional associations and private blogs, published between March 2020 and July 2021. From these, we focused our analysis on 30 articles corresponding to those published by large and alternative journalistic groups. The reading performed was inspired by the problematic of the production of objects via enunciative and material practices, through which associations between different elements, questions and explicit answers, stabilize not only the senses, but the objects in dispute, in the case observed here, sexual practices. At the end of our study, it was noticed that the sex and sexuality produced by the "specialists" through the media channels tends to the generalization of bodies and the decontextualization of practices.

En el ámbito de una encuesta a nivel nacional sobre prácticas sexuales y gestión de riesgos, lo que llamó nuestra atención, en la búsqueda de materiales mediáticos que relacionan el sexo con la pandemia de la Covid-19, destaca la presencia mayoritaria de un grupo de especialistas vinculados al heterogéneo campo de la Sexología, como psicólogos, psiquiatras, urólogos, sexólogos, y otra. A través de una investigación de palabras clave, a través de una búsqueda en Google, inventariamos una serie de 44 artículos de sitios web de grupos periodísticos grandes y alternativos, así como clínicas, asociaciones profesionales y blogs privados, publicados entre marzo de 2020 y julio de 2021. Enfocamos nuestro análisis en 30 artículos publicados por grandes y alternativos grupos periodísticos. La lectura realizada se inspiró en el problema de la producción de objetos a través de prácticas enunciativas y materiales, a través de las cuales asociaciones entre diferentes elementos, preguntas y respuestas explícitas, estabilizan no sólo los sentidos, sino los objetos en disputa, en el caso, prácticas sexuales. Al final de nuestro estudio, se percibió que el sexo y la sexualidad producidos por los especialistas tienden a la generalización de los cuerpos ya la descontextualización de las prácticas.

Efectos del tadalafilo en el deseo sexual y la excitación/lubricación en mujeres postmenopáusicas / Effects of Tadalafil on Sexual Desire and Arousal/Lubrication in Postmenopausal Women

Objetivo Determinar los efectos y la seguridad del tadalafilo en el deseo sexual y la excitación/lubricación en mujeres postmenopáusicas. Métodos Estudio cuasi experimental (con comparación antes de la intervención y después), con seguimiento de la cohorte de pacientes: 228 mujeres mayores de 40 años en postmenopausia, que consultaron por bajo deseo sexual y alteración de la excitación /lubricación, en una clínica sexológica en Armenia (Colombia), entre 2018 y 2019. Las mujeres recibieron 2,5 mg diarios de tadalafilo durante 12 semanas. Se determinaron las puntuaciones del instrumento, el Índice de Función Sexual Femenina (IFSF), cada cuatro semanas. Resultados El promedio de edad fue de 54,36 ± 4,92 años. Antes del tratamiento, la media en la puntuación del IFSF fue de 22,41 puntos (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 7,11­29,76); a las 4 semanas, 24,73 puntos (IC95%: 23,51­30,28); a las 8 semanas, 25,97 puntos (IC95%: 24,26­31,53); y, al final, 26,99 puntos (IC95%: 25,97­32,46), con diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las 4 medidas pareadas (p < 0,001). La excitación fue el dominio con mayor puntuación tras el tratamiento (4,83 puntos; IC 95%: 4,36­4,91), seguida por la lubricación (4,77 puntos; IC95%: 4,28­4,87). El deseo sexual mostró un significativo incremento al final del estudio (4,29 puntos; IC95%: 4,07­4,39). Se presentaron efectos adversos leves. Se observó una satisfacción con el consumo de tadalafilo del 84,21%. Conclusiones El tratamiento diario con 2,5 mg de tadalafilo genera mejoría en la función sexual de mujeres en la postmenopausia, y el incremento en la puntuación del IFSF demuestra su efecto positivo.

Objective To determine the effects and safety of tadalafil on sexual desire and arousal/lubrication in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods Quasi-experimental study (with a comparison before and after the intervention) with follow-up of the patient cohort: 228 postmenopausal women older than 40 years of age, who consulted due to low sexual desire and altered arousal/lubrication, in a sexology clinic in Armenia (Colombia) between 2018 and 2019. The women received 2.5 mg of tadalafil daily for 12 weeks. The scores on the instrument used, the Female Sexual Function Index, (FSFI), were determined every four weeks. Results The mean age was 54.36 ± 4.92 years. Before the treatment, the mean FSFI score was of 22.41 points (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 7.11­29.76); at 4 weeks, it was of 24.73 points (95%CI: 23.51­30, 28); at 8 weeks, 25.97 points (95%CI: 24.26­31.53); and, at the end, it was of 26.99 points (95%CI: 25.97­32.46), with statistically significant differences among the four paired measurements (p < 0.001). Arousal was the domain with the highest posttreatment score (4.83 points; 95%CI: 4.36­4.91), followed by lubrication (4.77 points; 95%CI: 4.28­4.87). Sexual desire showed a significant increase at the end of the study (4.29 points; 95%CI: 4.07­4.39). Mild adverse effects occurred. A rate of satisfaction of 84.21% with the intake of tadalafil. Conclusions The daily treatment with tadalafil 2.5 mg results in an improvement in sexual function in postmenopausal women; the increase in the score on the FSFI demonstrates its positive effect.

Oncosexology: Sexual Issues in the Male Cancer Survivor.

Oncosexology is a multidisciplinary field composed of physicians, nurses, psychologists, and other health care professionals focusing on sexual issues in patients with cancer. Although any cancer diagnosis or treatment can be associated with sexual dysfunction, pelvic malignancies (such as prostate, bladder, or colorectal cancer) have the highest rates of sexual dysfunction in men. This includes erectile dysfunction, testosterone deficiency, ejaculatory dysfunction, orgasmic dysfunction, sexual incontinence, and penile shortening. Testicular cancer and hematologic malignancies also have a significant impact on patients' sexual function. Health care providers should address sexual dysfunction with their patients, including any adverse effects of potential treatment options.

[Why in Koenigsberg, why Samuel Jessner, why 1921? : History of the first university lectureship for sexology in Germany]. / Warum in Königsberg, warum Samuel Jessner, warum 1921? : Hintergründe zum ersten universitären Lehrauftrag für Sexualwissenschaft in Deutschland.

The dermatologist and venerologist Samuel Jessner (1895-1929) received a lectureship for sexology at the University of Koenigsberg (today: Russian Калининград, Kaliningrad) in 1921. Since 1928 he was also listed as a urologist in the Reichsmedizinalkalender (German Physician Address Calendar). In this article we trace his life and work and ask how Jessner was able to achieve this academic success in the periphery of German sexology and without close ties to its networks. His weak influence in research, his lack of connection to a "school" of sexual science in German-speaking countries, and his Jewish origin were factors that impaired both the recognition of his work among his contemporaries and his recognition in the discipline-specific historiography until today.

Sexualidad y salud sexual / Sexuality and sexual health

En este trabajo se recuerdan las definiciones de salud sexual y su relación con la sexualidad. Se menciona la sexología clínica como disciplina reciente y su aporte a la promoción de la salud. Se detallan algunos trastornos sexuales que constituyen el campo de acción de la sexología clínica. Se citan estudios y estadísticas de los problemas sexuales más frecuentes. Se hace hincapié en su relación con el bienestar y la calidad de vida. Se remarca el avance científico de la sexología clínica en el siglo XXI. (AU)

In this work the definitions of sexual health and its relationship with sexuality are recalled. Clinical sexology is mentioned as a recent discipline and its contribution to health promotion. Some sexual disorders that constitute the clinical sexologys field of action are detailed. Studies and statistics of the most frequent sexual problems are cited. It emphasizes its relation to well-being and the quality of life. The scientific advance of clinical sexology in the XXI century is highlighted. (AU)

Sexología clínica: una aproximación a los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas asistenciales de los estudiantes de último año de las facultades de medicina de Medellín / Clinical sexology: an approach to the knowledge, attitudes and healthcare practices of final year students of the Medellin, Colombia medical schools

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas asistenciales sobre sexología clínica que tienen los estudiantes de último año de Medicina. Metodología: estudio transversal descriptivo con estudiantes de Medicina del último año de cinco facultades de Medellín en 2018. Se aplicó encuesta con consentimiento informado de los participantes. Se indagó sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas asistenciales en sexología clínica. Resultados: se encuestaron 318 estudiantes: 54,1 % fueron mujeres, la mediana de edad fue 24 años (RIC: 23-25). En cuanto a conocimientos, 71,4 % conocía la definición de sexo, 57,3 % la de género y 80,3 % la de sexualidad. Con respecto a las actitudes, 38,8 % expresó sentirse cómodo con el diálogo sobre temas de salud sexual con sus pacientes, 11,9 % consideró que sus creencias afectaban la discusión de problemas sexuales con sus pacientes y 27 %, se sintió seguro en el enfoque y manejo de pacientes. 92,8 % consideró que la sexología debe ser relevante durante la carrera. En cuanto a prácticas asistenciales, 77,4 % nunca realizó una historia clínica sexológica; de éstos, 42,5 % adujo la falta de conocimiento como principal causa de no hacerlo. Conclusiones: la mayoría de estudiantes de último año de Medicina aún no tienen claro algunos conceptos básicos de la sexología clínica. Por ello se sienten incómodos al abordar un paciente con problemas sexuales. La mayoría consideró que la sexología es relevante en su formación, pero las facultades de medicina cuentan con pocos espacios académicos y de práctica clínica para abordar esta temática.

SUMMARY Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and healthcare practices on clinical sexology in students of the last year of the faculties of Medicine, Medellín, Colombia. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study that included medical students from the last year in five schools in Medellín, 2018. A survey was applied, with prior informed consent of the participants. The knowledge, attitudes and healthcare practices of clinical sexology were investigated. Results: 318 students were surveyed, 54.1% women, the median age was 24 years (RIC: 23-25); Regarding knowledge, 71.4% knew the definition of Sex, 57.3% that of Gender and 80.3% that of sexuality. Regarding attitudes, 38.8% expressed feeling comfortable with the dialogue on sexual health issues with their patients, 89.1% considered that their beliefs not affected the discussion of sexual problems with their patients and 27% felt safe in-patient focus and management. 92.8% considered that sexology should be relevant du-ring the career. Regarding healthcare practices, 77.4% had never carried out a sexological medical history and of these, 42.5% claimed lack of knowledge as the main cause of not doing so. Conclusions: The most of last year students of Medicine are still not clear about some basic concepts in clinical sexology and feel uncomfortable when approaching a patient with sexual problems. The majority considered that sexology is relevant in their training, but the Faculties of Medicine have few academic and clinical practice spaces to address this issue.

Assessment of an onco-sexology support and follow-up program in cervical or vaginal cancer patients undergoing brachytherapy.

PURPOSE: Women's sexual health and wellbeing with cervical or vaginal cancer may be largely affected by complications from external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and utero-vaginal brachytherapy (BT), of which vaginal stenosis is the main complication. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of support by a nurse sexologist on sexuality, vaginal side-effects, and the quality of clinical follow-up in patients treated with brachytherapy for cervical or vaginal cancer. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of the sexuality of women treated for cervical or vaginal cancer. Data from patients with cervical or vaginal cancer who underwent brachytherapy between 2013 and 2017 were collected at Institut Universitaire de Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopôle (IUCT-Oncopôle). Patients were divided into two groups: group A (intervention group) received support from a nurse sexologist and group B (control group) did not. The chi-square test and a logistic multivariate model were used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 156 patients were included in this study, including 57.7% who were followed by a nurse sexologist. We observed low compliance in using vaginal dilators after brachytherapy and/or radiotherapy over time regardless of the group, and patients' sexual activity was inadequately addressed. Information regarding the resumption of sexuality 2 months after treatment was missing in 1.1% of patients in group A and in 36.4% of patients in group B. Multivariate analysis showed that patients in group A had a lower risk of developing vaginal stenosis with OR crude = 0.5 (95% CI = 0.25-0.92) and OR adj. = 0.5 (95% CI = 0.26-1.09) compared with those in group B. CONCLUSION: This retrospective study highlights the lack of information collected by physicians during follow-up concerning the sexuality of patients with cervical or vaginal cancer treated by EBRT and BT. The support offered by nurse sexologists in improving patients' sexual activity and reducing their physical side-effects such as vaginal stenosis is likely to be beneficial. A prospective study is currently being conducted to validate the present findings.