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1.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev ; 159: 105609, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38447821

RESUMO

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of tics, frequently accompanied by a variety of neuropsychiatric comorbidities. A subset of patients with TS present with severe and disabling symptoms, requiring prompt therapeutic intervention. Some of these manifestations may result in medical emergencies when severe motor or phonic tics lead to damage of anatomical structures closely related to the tic. Examples include myelopathy or radiculopathy following severe neck ("whiplash") jerks or a variety of self-inflicted injuries. In addition to self-aggression or, less commonly, allo-aggression, some patients exhibit highly inappropriate behavior, suicidal tendencies, and rage attacks which increase the burden of the disease and are important components of "malignant TS". This subset of TS is frequently associated with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therapeutic measures include intensive behavioral therapy, optimization of oral pharmacotherapy, botulinum toxin injections, and deep brain stimulation.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Tiques/etiologia , Tiques/terapia , Síndrome de Tourette/complicações , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tourette/terapia , Emergências , Transtornos de Tique/epidemiologia , Comorbidade
2.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(12): e37568, 2024 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38518056

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tic disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, characterized primarily by motor or vocal tics. However, there is no systematic evaluation of pediatric massage therapy for children with Tic disorder. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for children with tic disorder through a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review. METHODS: We systematically searched relevant randomized controlled trials from various databases such as CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SINOMED, published up to October 2023. To collect randomized controlled trials on pediatric massage therapy or in combination with other therapies for the treatment of tic disorders in children. The risk of bias in the included articles was assessed using the Cochrane guideline. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4, and publication bias was evaluated by using Begg test and Egger test in Stata SE software. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 19 randomized controlled trials with 1423 patients. Pediatric massage therapy alone or in combination with conventional medication demonstrated a significant increase in clinical effectiveness rates [risk ratios = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.10, 1.20), Z = 6.54, P < .001], and reduced Yale Global Tie Severity Scale scores [standardized mean difference = -0.85, 95% CI (-1.50, -0.19), Z = 2.54, P = .01] and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores [standardized mean difference = -1.35, 95%CI (-2.08, -0.63), Z = 3.66, P = .0002]. In terms of adverse reactions, there was no statistical difference between the experimental and control groups [risk ratios = 0.26, 95% CI (0.14, 0.49), Z = 4.25, P < .001]. The Begg test and Egger test results indicated no publication bias. CONCLUSION: Evidence suggests that pediatric massage therapy is effective in improving tic disorders in children.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Humanos , Criança , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Transtornos de Tique/terapia , Massagem/métodos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Mov Disord Clin Pract ; 11(3): 276-281, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468546

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Premonitory urges (PU) are well described in primary tics, but their frequency and intensity in functional tic-like behaviors (FTLB) are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To study the experience of PU in patients with FTLB. METHODS: We compared the results of the premonitory urge for tics scale (PUTS) in adults with tics and FTLB in the University of Calgary Adult Tic Registry. RESULTS: We included 83 patients with tics and 40 with FTLB. When comparing patients with tics, FTLB with tics and FTLB only, we did not detect significant differences either in the total PUTS score (P = 0.39), or in any of the individual PUTS item sub-scores (P values ranging between 0.11 and 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FTLB report PU at similar frequency and intensity to patients with tics. This finding confirms that PU are not a useful feature to discriminate FTLB from tics.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Adulto , Humanos , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transtornos de Tique/diagnóstico , Sistema de Registros
4.
BMC Psychiatry ; 24(1): 99, 2024 Feb 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38317064

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Observational studies and diagnostic criteria have indicated that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently comorbid with various psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore this potential genetic association between ADHD and six psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design, this study systematically screened genetic instrumental variables (IVs) based on the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of ADHD and six psychiatric disorders, with the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary approach. RESULTS: The study revealed a positive and causal association between ADHD and the risk of ASD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.328 (95%CI: 1.241-4.368) in the IVW MR analysis. Additionally, ADHD showed a positive causal effect on an increased risk of schizophrenia, with an OR of 1.867 (95%CI: 1.260-2.767) in the IVW MR analysis. However, no causal effect of Tic disorder, Mental retardation, Mood disorders and Anxiety disorder with ADHD was found in the analysis mentioned above. CONCLUSION: Our MR analysis provides robust evidence of the causal role of ADHD in increasing the risk of ASD and schizophrenia. However, ADHD is not associated with the risk of Tic Disorder, Mental Retardation, Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorder. This suggests the need for increased attention to the co-occurrence of ADHD-ASD or ADHD-schizophrenia and the implementation of timely intervention and treatment.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Deficiência Intelectual , Transtornos de Tique , Humanos , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana
5.
Behav Ther ; 55(2): 263-276, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38418039

RESUMO

To establish a patient-centered agenda for research that will lead to effective, widespread availability, adoption, and utilization of evidence-based behavioral treatment of Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders (TDs), we planned and executed a multistage, collaborative "Treating Tourette Together" research planning project with researchers, clinicians, patients, families, and other interested parties. Priorities for future behavioral treatment research were solicited from these parties via anonymous community surveys, a 2-day research planning summit with 46 individuals representing key stakeholder groups, and community response to summit reports. Four high-priority research domains were identified: (a) expanding treatment access, (b) improving treatment outcomes, (c) optimizing treatment within a broader care model, and (d) evaluating outcomes beyond tic severity. Community-engaged participatory research models can efficiently delineate clear and actionable priorities for clinical research. This approach holds promise for improving the impact of clinical research in TDs and other neuropsychiatric disorders.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Tiques/terapia , Transtornos de Tique/psicologia , Síndrome de Tourette/terapia , Síndrome de Tourette/psicologia , Terapia Comportamental , Assistência Centrada no Paciente
6.
J Atten Disord ; 28(5): 550-582, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38334088

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of Joe Biederman's contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry. METHOD: Nine colleagues described his contributions to: psychopharmacology, comorbidity and genetics, pediatric bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's and tic disorders, clinical and neuro biomarkers for pediatric mood disorders, executive functioning, and adult ADHD. RESULTS: Joe Biederman left us with many concrete indicators of his contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry. He set up the world's first pediatric psychopharmacology clinic and clinical research program in child adolescent psychiatry. As a young faculty member he began a research program that led to many awards and eventual promotion to full professor at Harvard Medical School. He was for many years the most highly cited researcher in ADHD. He achieved this while maintaining a full clinical load and was widely respected for his clinical acumen. CONCLUSION: The world is a better place because Joe Biederman was here.


Assuntos
Psiquiatria do Adolescente , Psiquiatria Infantil , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/diagnóstico , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Comorbidade , Transtornos de Tique
7.
Curr Opin Psychiatry ; 37(2): 57-64, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38226540

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorders, collectively referred to as TS, are relatively common childhood onset neuropsychiatric conditions associated with functional impairment and distress. Over the past several years, clinical research has contributed to the advancement of the field's understanding of mechanisms and clinical correlates of TS. This progress has led to the development of key assessment tools and the implementation of novel interventions for individuals with TS. RECENT FINDINGS: This article provides a review of innovative TS research focusing on four key themes: investigation of clinical phenomenology of TS; validation of assessment tools for TS; dissemination of current evidence-based treatments for TS; and exploration of new intervention programs. SUMMARY: Cumulatively, this growing body of work presents considerable progress and provides a path forward to improve the assessment and treatment of TS.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Criança , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tourette/terapia , Síndrome de Tourette/complicações , Transtornos de Tique/complicações , Transtornos de Tique/terapia , Terapia Comportamental
9.
Mov Disord ; 39(3): 585-595, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38247265

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials of new drugs for tic disorders (TD) often fail to yield positive results. Placebo and nocebo responses play a vital role in interpreting the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), yet these responses in RCTs of TD remain unexplored. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the magnitude of placebo and nocebo responses in RCTs of pharmacological interventions for TD and identify influencing factors. METHODS: A systematic search of the Embase, Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO databases was conducted. Eligible studies were RCTs that compared active pharmacological agents with placebos. Placebo response was defined as the change from baseline in TD symptom severity in the placebo group, and nocebo response as the proportion experiencing adverse events (AEs) in this group. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to explore modifying factors. RESULTS: Twenty-four trials involving 2222 participants were included in this study. A substantial placebo response in TD symptom severity was identified, with a pooled effect size of -0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.99 to -0.59; I2 = 67%). Forty-four percent (95% CI 27% to 63%; I2 = 92%) of patients experienced AEs while taking inert pills. Sample size, study design, and randomization ratio were correlated with changes in placebo and nocebo responses. CONCLUSION: There were considerable placebo and nocebo responses in TD clinical trials. These results are of great relevance for the design of future trials and for clinical practice in TD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration ID CRD42023388397. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.


Assuntos
Efeito Nocebo , Transtornos de Tique , Humanos , Efeito Placebo , Projetos de Pesquisa , Transtornos de Tique/tratamento farmacológico
10.
PLoS One ; 19(1): e0292742, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38166108

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This is the first study to systematically explore the lived experiences of sudden and new onset of severe functional tics from the perspective of the mother's experiences and describes their attempts to access support services in the United Kingdom. METHOD: Twenty-One mothers of young people aged between 12 to 17 years with functional tic-like behaviour (FTLB) took part in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews revealed gaps and inconsistencies within the process of gaining access to professional services and a lack of support for the management of tics and functional tic-like movements, in addition to highlighting the impact it had on daily family life. RESULTS: The themes generated included the occurrence and development of tics, the severity and intensity of symptoms, the psychological impact on the family and the need to make recommendations for a clear care pathway. Managing the impact of the FTLB and co-occurring conditions such as suicidal ideation and self-harm, as well as the physical and emotional trauma, commonly contributed to feelings of isolation and helplessness, which impacted negatively on the family's ability to function and participate in society. CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasize the urgent need to create a clear management pathway for those experiencing FTLB, including the need for more professionals with relevant knowledge, to improve the dialogue with families during the referral process, whilst prioritising the treatment of anxiety and other identified mental health concerns.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Mães , Ansiedade/terapia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Emoções
12.
BMC Neurol ; 24(1): 3, 2024 Jan 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38166709

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Recently, studies on behavioral tic suppression techniques have gained popularity as opposed to pharmacological alternatives that often have potentially dangerous side effects. Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors therapy (DRO) is one such behavioral technique whose efficacy in tic suppression has been experimentally demonstrated albeit in studies with very few patients, and lacking statistical power. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of these studies to improve their overall power and explore whether DRO intervention is really effective for tic suppression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 30, 2023. Only original interventional studies that examined the efficacy of DRO for tic suppression were included. RESULTS: A total of 8 no control interventional studies involving 79 children with tic disorders were recruited. Most of the children had moderate tic severity. The pooled mean Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) score was 24.64 (95% CI: 21.99 - 30.12, p = < 0.00001, I2 = 87%). In terms of efficacy of the DRO technique for tic suppression, the results showed that DRO was effective in reducing tic frequency among the children. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) was -10.25 (95% CI: -14.71 - -5.79, p = < 0.00001) with I2 = 94%. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study revealed that DRO is potentially an effective tic suppression technique for temporarily managing tic disorder. It also showed that DRO could be employed for both moderate and severe tic disorders. However, the technique bears crucial limitations that limit its implementation outside of experimental settings. More studies are needed to address these limitations and improve its applicability in the real world.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Criança , Humanos , Tiques/terapia , Transtornos de Tique/tratamento farmacológico
13.
BMC Pediatr ; 24(1): 20, 2024 01 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38183026

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disease. It can accompany psychological disorders such as tic disorders due to the prolonged course of the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. This pioneer case-control study aims to investigate tic disorders in children and adolescents under 18 years of age diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. METHOD: The case group in this study consisted of patients who had both allergic rhinitis and tic disorders. Patients with allergic rhinitis without tic disorders were also enrolled as the control group with matched gender and age. Demographic characteristics, tic classifications, and contributing factors for allergic rhinitis and tic disorders were studied among the cases. Tic disorders were evaluated using DSM-5 criteria for the classification of tic disorders. RESULTS: 47 patients in the case group and 47 patients in the control group were included in this study. 53.2% and 46.8% were males and females in the case group, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 10.46 ± 3.97 years old. Sound tics were more common among the patients compared to motor tics. Patients with concomitant AR and tic disorders had more days per week with AR symptoms (P-value ≤ 0.001; OR (every day vs. three days a week = 11.02(2.98, 40.76))). Most patients with sound tick were women (p: 0.026), and most patients with motion tic were in the Provisional tic disorder group (p: 0.001). The history of infantile eczema was seen more in patients without sound tic (p: 0.025), and otitis media was significantly less common among patients with sound tics (p: 0.026). Provisional tic disorder was the most common class among the patients. In the case group (coexistence between allergic rhinitis and tic) compared to the control group, patients had significantly more days with AR symptoms per week. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study indicates that Provisional tic disorder was the most common classification of tic among patients with allergic rhinitis, especially in patients with motor tics. Asthma in motor tics, a history of food allergy in infancy, and a history of infantile eczema were also common among patients with vocal tics. Also, patients with allergic rhinitis and tic had more severe disease (more symptoms per week) than those with rhinitis alone. These findings emphasize the association of tic disorders with immunological pathways.


Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica , Rinite Alérgica , Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Criança , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Rinite Alérgica/complicações , Transtornos de Tique/complicações
14.
Eur J Neurol ; 31(2): e16120, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37946628

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Children in developed countries spend a significant portion of their waking hours engaging with audiovisual content and video games. The impact of media consumption on children's health and well-being has been widely studied, including its effects on tic disorders. Previous studies have shown that tic frequency can both increase and decrease during activities like gaming and television watching, resulting in mixed findings. METHODS: To better understand the impact of audiovisual media on tics, we conducted a fine-grained tic manifestation analysis. We focused on the effects of the impact of a movie scene with suspensful elements and a video game designed to heighten anticipation, thought to stimulate phasic and striatal dopamine release. We closely monitored tic frequency throuhghout these experiences based on moment-to-moment tic annotation. The study included 20 participants (19 males aged 7-16) diagnosed with tic disorders (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale≥8), and we tested the replicability of our findings with an independent group of 36 children (15 females, aged 7-15) with tic disorders. RESULTS: During film viewing, we observed significant synchronization in the temporal tic patterns of various individuals despite diversity in their tic profiles. Furthermore, employing a video game developed for our study, we found that tic frequency increases during anticipation of a pending reward. This finding was replicated in a second experiment with an independent cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that tic frequency is affected by media elements in the short-term, and call for further investigation of the long-term impacts of exposure to such tic triggers.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Jogos de Vídeo , Masculino , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Filmes Cinematográficos , Jogos de Vídeo/efeitos adversos , Corpo Estriado
15.
Neurol Sci ; 45(3): 941-962, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37962703

RESUMO

Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disease featuring tics and vocal tics, with a prevalence of approximately 1%, including 75% of the total number of male patients. TS seriously disturbs the patients' career, education, and life and brings a serious and unbearable psychological burden to the patients themselves and their families. At present, there are no specific clinical medications recommended for treating TS. Therefore, it is necessary to select the appropriate medication for symptomatic treatment based on the doctor's personal experience and the patient's symptoms, with the main goal of relieving symptoms, thus improving the patient's social skills and psychological problems. Here we conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed to review and organize the history and current status of the development of drug therapy for TS through a timeline format. We also systematically evaluated the effects of each drug for TS treatment to summarize the current problems and new research directions and to provide some ideas for clinical treatment.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome de Tourette/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Tiques/tratamento farmacológico
16.
World J Biol Psychiatry ; 25(2): 130-140, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38009383

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sleep problems are commonly observed in patients with tic disorders. Nevertheless, studies have demonstrated a wide variation in the prevalence of sleep disturbances among this population. Consequently, it remains ambiguous whether sleep issues are inherently characteristic of tic disorders or are influenced by external factors. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search across various databases and performed a meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of sleep problems in tic disorders. Additionally, we assessed pre-existing comorbidities and associated characteristics using meta-regression analysis. RESULTS: After including 33 studies in the final meta-analysis, we found that the pooled prevalence of sleep problems in tic disorders was 34% (95%CI: 26% to 43%). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the presence of co-occurring symptoms of ADHD (p < 0.05), obsession compulsive disorder/behaviours (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.001), and mood disorders (p < 0.001) was associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings consistently indicate that individuals with tic disorders frequently encounter significant sleep problems. This underscores the importance of routinely screening for sleep problems during clinical assessments. Effectively managing sleep problems in patients with tic disorders is crucial not only for the well-being of the patients themselves but also for their families.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília , Transtornos de Tique , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/diagnóstico , Prevalência , Transtornos de Tique/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Tique/complicações , Transtornos de Tique/diagnóstico , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/complicações , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia
17.
Neuropediatrics ; 55(1): 67-70, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36809795

RESUMO

Limited data are available regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on adolescents with Tourette syndrome (TS). We sought to compare sex differences in tic severity experienced by adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We extracted from the electronic health record and retrospectively reviewed Yale Global Tic Severity Scores (YGTSS) from adolescents (ages 13 through 17) with TS presenting to our clinic before (36 months) and during (24 months) the pandemic. A total of 373 unique adolescent patient encounters (prepandemic: 199; pandemic: 173) were identified. Compared with prepandemic, girls accounted for a significantly greater proportion of visits during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Prepandemic, tic severity did not differ between girls and boys. During the pandemic, compared with girls, boys had less clinically severe tics (p = 0.003). During the pandemic, older girls, but not boys, had less clinically severe tics (ρ =- 0.32, p = 0.003). These findings provide evidence that, regarding tic severity assessed with YGTSS, the experiences of adolescent girls and boys with TS have differed during the pandemic.


Assuntos
Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Adolescente , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
18.
Neurol Sci ; 45(2): 477-483, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37775616

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tics and stereotypies are childhood-onset repetitive behaviours that can pose significant diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. Both tics and stereotypies are characterised by a complex co-morbidity profile, however little is known about the co-occurrence of these hyperkinetic disorders in the same patient population. OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to assess the relationship between tics and stereotypies when these conditions present in co-morbidity. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review of original studies on co-morbid tics and stereotypies, according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: Our literature search identified six studies of suitable sample size (n ≥ 40) presenting data on the association between tics and stereotypies in otherwise typically developing patients. A considerable proportion (23%) of patients diagnosed with stereotypic movement disorder present with co-morbid tics (range 18-43%). Likewise, the prevalence of primary stereotypies is increased in patients with tic disorders such as Tourette syndrome (8%, range 6-12%). DISCUSSION: Tics and stereotypies can often develop in co-morbidity. The association of tics and stereotypies in the same patient has practical implications, in consideration of the different treatment approaches. Future research should focus on the assessment and management of both conditions, particularly in special populations (e.g. patients with pervasive developmental disorders).


Assuntos
Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado , Transtornos de Tique , Tiques , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Criança , Tiques/epidemiologia , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/complicações , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/epidemiologia , Transtorno de Movimento Estereotipado/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Tique/complicações , Transtornos de Tique/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Tique/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tourette/complicações , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Comorbidade
19.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 274(1): 227-233, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37209130

RESUMO

Since 2019, a global increase in patients presenting with functional Tourette-like behaviors (FTB) has been observed. This has been related to the exposure of tic-related content in social media, although other factors seem to further fuel this phenomenon. Recently, we, therefore, proposed the term mass social media-induced illness (MSMI) as, in our opinion, this phenomenon constitutes a new type of mass sociogenic illness (MSI) that is in contrast to all recent outbreaks spread solely via social media. In accordance with this hypothesis, we were able to identify the host of the German YouTube channel "Gewitter im Kopf" ("Thunderstorm in the brain") as the initial virtual index case. The purpose of this paper is to present clinical characteristics of a sample of 32 patients diagnosed with MSMI-FTB compared to a large sample of patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) and other chronic tic disorders (CTD) (n = 1032) from the same center in Germany indicating clinical factors helpful to distinguish between tics in TS/CTD and MSMI-FTB. Our main findings were: in patients with MSMI-FTB compared to those with TS/CTD we found (i) a significantly higher age at onset, (ii) a significantly higher rate of females, (iii) a significantly higher rate of obscene and socially inappropriate symptoms, (iv) a significantly lower rate of comorbid ADHD, and (v) a significantly lower rate of OCD/OCB. In contrast, rates of comorbid anxiety and depression as well as reported frequencies of premonitory urges/sensations and suppressibility of symptoms did not differ between groups.


Assuntos
Mídias Sociais , Transtornos de Tique , Síndrome de Tourette , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
20.
J Atten Disord ; 28(5): 639-647, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38153006

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To use a family genetic study to evaluate familial risk of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and common comorbid illnesses in first-degree relatives of pediatric-onset probands with primary OCD. METHOD: One hundred and thirty youth with OCD and their 133 siblings and 241 parents and 49 pediatric controls were directly evaluated along multiple domains including psychopathology using structured diagnostic interviews and clinical corroboration. RESULTS: Rates of anxiety, mood, disruptive behavior, and tic disorders were markedly elevated in the probands while rates in siblings were elevated at rates between the probands and controls. Twenty six percent of first-degree relatives had clinical OCD, 9% had chronic tics or Tourette's disorder, and 21% met criteria for ADHD. CONCLUSION: Rates of familial transmission of OCD and common comorbid illnesses were significantly higher in our pediatric-onset probands than rates reported in the literature in relatives of those with adult-onset OCD.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo , Transtornos de Tique , Síndrome de Tourette , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/diagnóstico , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/epidemiologia , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/genética , Transtornos de Tique/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Tique/genética , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Tourette/genética , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Comorbidade , Família
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