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1.
Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi ; 65(1): 7-14, 2024.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432899

RESUMO

Assuming food poisoning caused by toxic plants, an LC-TOF-MS-based method for the rapid and simultaneous analysis of 16 plant toxins was established. After adding water-methanol (1 : 9) and n-hexane, the samples were homogenized and extracted, and then subjected to centrifugal separation. Without any purification procedures, LC-TOF-MS measurements were performed, and qualitative and quantitative analyses using monoisotopic ion [M+H]+ (m/z) were conducted. The addition-recovery test using curry showed that qualitative analysis was possible under a setting with a retention time of ±0.2 minutes or less and mass accuracy of 5 ppm or lower and that quantitative analysis was possible with a recovery rate of 68-142% and a repeatability of 1.4-10.1%. Furthermore, measurements of the amount of plant toxins in the boiled plants and broths of cooked toxic plants demonstrated the transfer of plant toxins to broths. These suggest that in the event of food poisoning, broths may be used as an analysis sample, even when plants are not available.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos , Toxinas Biológicas , Humanos , Culinária , Metanol
3.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 6000, 2024 03 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38472367

RESUMO

Oriental poppy (Papaver orientale L.) belonging to the Papaveraceae family, has the capacity to synthesize a wide range of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs). This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of green and chemical copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) elicitors on oxidative stress and the BIAs biosynthesis pathway in the cell suspension culture of P. orientale. This research shows that both green and chemical CuO NPs at concentrations of 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L, induce oxidative stress in the cell suspension of P. orientale by increasing the production of H2O2 and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The comparison of treatments revealed that utilizing a lower concentration of CuO NPs (20 mg/L) and extending the duration of cell suspension incubation (up to 48 h) play a more influential role in inducing the expression of the BIAs biosynthesis pathway genes (PsWRKY, TYDC, SalSyn, SalR, SalAT, T6ODM, COR and CODM) and increasing the production of morphinan alkaloids (thebaine, codeine, and morphine). The overarching results indicate that the concentration of CuO NPs and the duration of cell treatment have a more significant impact than the nature of CuO NPs in inducing oxidative stress and stimulating the expression of the BIAs pathway genes.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Benzilisoquinolinas , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Nanopartículas , Papaver , Papaver/genética , Cobre/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Morfina/metabolismo , Alcaloides/metabolismo , Benzilisoquinolinas/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica
4.
J Orthop Surg Res ; 19(1): 178, 2024 Mar 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38468339

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease characterized by persistent articular cartilage degeneration and synovitis. Oxymatrine (OMT) is a quinzolazine alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine, matrine, and possesses anti-inflammatory properties that may help regulate the pathogenesis of OA; however, its mechanism has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of OMT on interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)-induced damage and the potential mechanisms of action. METHODS: Chondrocytes were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats. Toluidine blue and Collagen II immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the purity of the chondrocytes. Thereafter, the chondrocytes were subjected to IL-1ß stimulation, both in the presence and absence of OMT, or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay and SYTOX Green staining. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to determine cell apoptosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The protein levels of AKT, mTOR, LC3, P62, matrix metalloproteinase-13, and collagen II were quantitatively analyzed using western blotting. Immunofluorescence was used to assess LC3 expression. RESULTS: OMT alleviated IL-1ß-induced damage in chondrocytes, by increasing the survival rate, reducing the apoptosis rates of chondrocytes, and preventing the degradation of the cartilage matrix. In addition, OMT decreased the ROS levels and inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway while promoting autophagy in IL-1ß treated chondrocytes. However, the effectiveness of OMT in improving chondrocyte viability under IL-1ß treatment was limited when autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA. CONCLUSIONS: OMT decreases oxidative stress and inhibits the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to enhance autophagy, thus inhibiting IL-1ß-induced damage. Therefore, OMT may be a novel and effective therapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of OA.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Cartilagem Articular , Matrinas , Osteoartrite , Ratos , Animais , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Condrócitos/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/toxicidade , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transdução de Sinais , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Cartilagem Articular/metabolismo , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Alcaloides/uso terapêutico , Alcaloides/metabolismo , Autofagia , Colágeno/metabolismo , Apoptose
5.
Molecules ; 29(5)2024 Feb 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474561

RESUMO

Berberis species have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, and Western herbal medicine. The aim of this study was the quantification of the main isoquinoline alkaloids in extracts obtained from various Berberis species by HPLC, in vitro and in silico determination of anti-cholinesterase activity, and in vitro and in vivo investigations of the cytotoxic activity of the investigated plant extracts and alkaloid standards. In particular, Berberis species whose activity had not been previously investigated were selected for the study. In the most investigated Berberis extracts, a high content of berberine and palmatine was determined. Alkaloid standards and most of the investigated plant extracts exhibit significant anti-cholinesterase activity. Molecular docking results confirmed that both alkaloids are more favourable for forming complexes with acetylcholinesterase compared to butyrylcholinesterase. The kinetic results obtained by HPLC-DAD indicated that berberine noncompetitively inhibited acetylcholinesterase, while butyrylcholinesterase was inhibited in a mixed mode. In turn, palmatine exhibited a mixed inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The cytotoxic activity of berberine and palmatine standards and plant extracts were investigated against the human melanoma cell line (A375). The highest cytotoxicity was determined for extract obtained from Berberis pruinosa cortex. The cytotoxic properties of the extract were also determined in the in vivo investigations using the Danio rerio larvae xenograft model. The obtained results confirmed a significant effect of the Berberis pruinosa cortex extract on the number of cancer cells in a living organism. Our results showed that extracts obtained from Berberis species, especially the Berberis pruinosa cortex extract, can be recommended for further in vivo experiments in order to confirm the possibility of their application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and human melanoma.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Antineoplásicos , Berberina , Berberis , Melanoma , Humanos , Berberina/farmacologia , Acetilcolinesterase , Butirilcolinesterase , Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia
6.
Molecules ; 29(5)2024 Feb 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474571

RESUMO

The Euodia genus comprises numerous untapped medicinal plants that warrant thorough evaluation for their potential as valuable natural sources of herbal medicine or food flavorings. In this study, untargeted metabolomics and in vitro functional methods were employed to analyze fruit extracts from 11 significant species of the Euodia genus. An investigation of the distribution of metabolites (quinolone and indole quinazoline alkaloids) in these species indicated that E. rutaecarpa (Euodia rutaecarpa) was the most widely distributed species, followed by E. compacta (Euodia compacta), E. glabrifolia (Euodia glabrifolia), E. austrosinensis (Euodia austrosinensis), and E. fargesii (Euodia fargesii). There have been reports on the close correlation between indole quinazoline alkaloids and their anti-tumor activity, especially in E. rutaecarpa fruits which exhibit effectiveness against various types of cancer, such as SGC-7901, Hela, A549, and other cancer cell lines. Additionally, the E. rutaecarpa plant contains indole quinazoline alkaloids, which possess remarkable antibacterial properties. Our results offer novel insights into the utilization of Euodia resources in the pharmaceutical industry.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Evodia , Plantas Medicinais , Quinolonas , Rutaceae , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais , Alcaloides Indólicos , Células HeLa , Quinazolinas
7.
Molecules ; 29(5)2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474577

RESUMO

While numerous Fabaceae seeds are a good nutritional source of high-quality protein, the use of some species is hampered by toxic effects caused by exposure to metabolites that accumulate in the seeds. One such species is the faba or broad bean (Vicia faba L.), which accumulates vicine and convicine. These two glycoalkaloids cause favism, the breakdown of red blood cells in persons with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Because this is the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide, faba bean breeding efforts have focused on developing cultivars with low levels of these alkaloids. Consequently, quantification methods have been developed; however, they quantify vicine and convicine only and not the derivatives of these compounds that potentially generate the same bio-active molecules. Based on the recognition of previously unknown (con)vicine-containing compounds, we screened the fragmentation spectra of LC-MS/MS data from five faba bean cultivars using the characteristic fragments generated by (con)vicine. This resulted in the recognition of more than a hundred derivatives, of which 89 were tentatively identified. (Con)vicine was mainly derivatized through the addition of sugars, hydroxycinnamic acids, and dicarboxylic acids, with a group of compounds composed of two (con)vicine residues linked by dicarboxyl fatty acids. In general, the abundance profiles of the different derivatives in the five cultivars mimicked that of vicine and convicine, but some showed a derivative-specific profile. The description of the (con)vicine diversity will impact the interpretation of future studies on the biosynthesis of (con)vicine, and the content in potentially bio-active alkaloids in faba beans may be higher than that represented by the quantification of vicine and convicine alone.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Fabaceae , Glucosídeos , Pirimidinonas , Uridina/análogos & derivados , Vicia faba , Vicia faba/química , Cromatografia Líquida , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Melhoramento Vegetal
8.
Molecules ; 29(5)2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474619

RESUMO

Houttuyniae herba has a long history of medicinal and edible homology in China. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and purulent discharge, diuresis, and relieving gonorrhea. It is mainly distributed in the central, southeastern, and southwestern provinces of China. Houttuyniae herba has been designated by the National Ministry of Health of China as a dual-use plant for both food and medicine. Comprising volatile oils, flavonoids, and alkaloids as its primary constituents, Houttuyniae herba harbors aristolactams, a prominent subclass of alkaloids. Notably, the structural affinity of aristolactams to aristolochic acids is discernible, the latter known for its explicit toxicological effects. Additionally, the safety study on Houttuyniae herba mainly focused on the ethanol, methanol, or aqueous extract. In this study, both zebrafish and mice were used to evaluate the acute toxicity of the total alkaloids extracts from Houttuyniae herba (HHTAE). The zebrafish experiment showed that a high concentration (0.1 mg/mL) of HHTAE had a lethal effect on zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, the mice experiment results showed that, even at a higher dose of 2000 mg/kg, HHTAE was not toxic. In conclusion, HHTAE was of low safety risk.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Antineoplásicos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Óleos Voláteis , Camundongos , Animais , Peixe-Zebra , Extratos Vegetais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química
9.
Nutrients ; 16(5)2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38474823

RESUMO

Areca catechu L. is a widely cultivated tropical crop in Southeast Asia, and its fruit, areca nut, has been consumed as a traditional Chinese medicinal material for more than 10,000 years, although it has recently attracted widespread attention due to potential hazards. Areca nut holds a significant position in traditional medicine in many areas and ranks first among the four southern medicines in China. Numerous bioactive compounds have been identified in areca nuts, including alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, and fatty acids, which exhibit diverse bioactive functions, such as anti-bacterial, deworming, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. Furthermore, they also display beneficial impacts targeting the nervous, digestive, and endocrine systems. This review summarizes the pharmacological functions and underlying mechanisms of the bioactive ingredients in areca nut. This helps to ascertain the beneficial components of areca nut, discover its medicinal potential, and guide the utilization of the areca nut.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Areca , Nozes , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Medicina Tradicional
10.
Bioorg Chem ; 145: 107246, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428283

RESUMO

Phytochemical investigation of the stems of Celastrus monospermus Roxb enabled isolation and identification of fifteen new macrolide sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids (1-15) along with five known analogues. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (NMR, HRESIMS, IR, UV), chemical hydrolysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Bioassay of the abundant isolates revealed that seven compounds inhibited the proliferation of B lymphocytes with IC50 values ranging between 1.4 and 19.9 µM. Among them, celasmondine C (3) could significantly promote the apoptosis of activated B lymphocyte, especially late-stage apoptosis. Besides, compounds 3, 16, and 20 exhibited potent suppression of osteoclast formation at a concentration of 1.0 µM. This investigation enriched the chemical diversity of macrolide sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids, and supported evidence for the development of new immunosuppressive and anti-osteoclastogenesis agents.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Celastrus , Sesquiterpenos , Celastrus/química , Macrolídeos , Estrutura Molecular , Piridinas/farmacologia , Piridinas/química , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Alcaloides/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos/química
11.
Bioorg Chem ; 145: 107252, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38437763

RESUMO

Isoquinoline alkaloids are an important class of natural products that are abundant in the plant kingdom and exhibit a wide range of structural diversity and biological activities. With the deepening of research in recent years, more and more isoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated and identified and proved to contain a variety of biological activities and pharmacological effects. In this review, we introduce the research progress of isoquinoline alkaloids from 2019 to 2022, mainly in the part of biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, analgesic, and other activities. This study provides a clear direction for the rational development and utilization of isoquinoline alkaloids, suggesting that these alkaloids have great potential in the field of drug research.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Anti-Infecciosos , Alcaloides/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Isoquinolinas/farmacologia , Isoquinolinas/química
12.
J Oleo Sci ; 73(3): 359-370, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433000

RESUMO

Neuronal cell death and dysfunction of the central nervous system can be caused by oxidative stress, which is associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Sophocarpine, an alkaloid compound derived from Sophora moorcroftiana (Benth.) Baker seeds, has a wide range of medicinal value. This study sought to determine how sophocarpine exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis in mouse hippocampus neuronal (HT22) cells. 20mM glutamate-induced HT22 cells were used to develop an in vitro model of oxidative stress damage. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess cell viability. According to the instructions on the kits to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and oxidative stress indicators. HT22 cells were examined using immunofluorescence and Western Blotting to detect Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. The expression of proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA) for heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was examined by Western Blotting and Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and Cell apoptosis were used by 5, 5', 6, 6'-Tetrachloro-1, 1', 3, 3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC- 1) kit and Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis assay kit, respectively. Finally, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins was detected by Western Blotting. The result demonstrated that sophocarpine (1.25 µM-10 µM) can significantly inhibit glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and ROS generation, improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Sophocarpine increased the expression of HO-1 protein and mRNA and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 to play a cytoprotective role; however, cells were transfected with small interfering RNA targeting HO-1 (si-HO-1) reversed the above effects of sophocarpine. In addition, sophocarpine significantly inhibited glutamate induced mitochondrial depolarization and further inhibited cell apoptosis by reducing the expression level of caspase-related proteins.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Matrinas , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Animais , Camundongos , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Ácido Glutâmico/toxicidade , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2 , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Humanos
13.
Plant Mol Biol ; 114(2): 23, 2024 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453737

RESUMO

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) represent a significant class of secondary metabolites with crucial roles in plant physiology and substantial potential for clinical applications. CYP82 genes are involved in the formation and modification of various BIA skeletons, contributing to the structural diversity of compounds. In this study, Corydalis yanhusuo, a traditional Chinese medicine rich in BIAs, was investigated to identify the catalytic function of CYP82s during BIA formation. Specifically, 20 CyCYP82-encoding genes were cloned, and their functions were identified in vitro. Ten of these CyCYP82s were observed to catalyze hydroxylation, leading to the formation of protopine and benzophenanthridine scaffolds. Furthermore, the correlation between BIA accumulation and the expression of CyCYP82s in different tissues of C. yanhusuo was assessed their. The identification and characterization of CyCYP82s provide novel genetic elements that can advance the synthetic biology of BIA compounds such as protopine and benzophenanthridine, and offer insights into the biosynthesis of BIAs with diverse structures in C. yanhusuo.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Benzilisoquinolinas , Corydalis , Benzofenantridinas , Corydalis/genética , Corydalis/química , Corydalis/metabolismo , Alcaloides/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/química
14.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 2084, 2024 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453941

RESUMO

A major challenge to achieving industry-scale biomanufacturing of therapeutic alkaloids is the slow process of biocatalyst engineering. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, such as the Alzheimer's medication galantamine, are complex plant secondary metabolites with recognized therapeutic value. Due to their difficult synthesis they are regularly sourced by extraction and purification from the low-yielding daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus. Here, we propose an efficient biosensor-machine learning technology stack for biocatalyst development, which we apply to engineer an Amaryllidaceae enzyme in Escherichia coli. Directed evolution is used to develop a highly sensitive (EC50 = 20 µM) and specific biosensor for the key Amaryllidaceae alkaloid branchpoint 4'-O-methylnorbelladine. A structure-based residual neural network (MutComputeX) is subsequently developed and used to generate activity-enriched variants of a plant methyltransferase, which are rapidly screened with the biosensor. Functional enzyme variants are identified that yield a 60% improvement in product titer, 2-fold higher catalytic activity, and 3-fold lower off-product regioisomer formation. A solved crystal structure elucidates the mechanism behind key beneficial mutations.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae , Amaryllidaceae , Narcissus , Amaryllidaceae/metabolismo , Alcaloides/química , Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae/química , Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae/metabolismo , Narcissus/química , Narcissus/genética , Narcissus/metabolismo , Metiltransferases/metabolismo , Plantas/metabolismo , Hidrolases/metabolismo
15.
STAR Protoc ; 5(1): 102924, 2024 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38430518

RESUMO

In addition to proteins, microRNAs, and lipids, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (ENVs) are also enriched with host plant bioactives. Both curcumin and piperine are water insoluble, lack bioavailability, and are extracted by non-ecofriendly solvents. Herein, we present an eco-friendly protocol for co-isolating both curcumin and piperine in the form of hybrid ENVs. We describe steps for sample pre-processing, combined homogenization of plant materials, filtration, and differential centrifugation. We then detail procedures for polyethylene glycol-based fusion and precipitation of hybrid ENVs. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kumar et al.1.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Curcuma , Curcumina , Piperidinas , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas , Polietilenoglicóis , Benzodioxóis
16.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 236: 113827, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38430830

RESUMO

In this study, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan submicron particles were employed to facilitate the stabilization of Pickering emulsion. The polymer particles were prepared using the polyelectrolyte self-assembly method in conjunction with isocyanide based multicomponent reactions and the characteristics were obtained using: nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Atomic force microscopy revealed the heterogeneous structure of the resulting submicron particles with domains of 20-30 nm in size. The average diameter was found to be in the range of 229-378 nm and they were found to be suitable for the fabrication of oil/water Pickering emulsion when proceeded via the homogenization method followed by sonication. The results obtained revealed that carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan particles significantly stabilized the droplets at the oil/water interface. Even at low particle concentrations of 0.3 g/L (which is close to that of low molecular weight surfactants) stable Pickering emulsions have been obtained. Additionally, the resulting emulsions showed a high level of stability with regard to changes in pH, temperature and ionic strength. The natural alkaloid piperine was used as a model compound to load the resulting particles, which possessed encapsulation efficiency of 90.6±0.4%. Furthermore, the in vitro release profile of piperine from the Pickering emulsion revealed a much-controlled release in both acidic and neutral media as compared to the unformulated piperine. Additional findings in this work revealed important information on the application of carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan submicron particles as Pickering stabilizers for creation of new delivery systems.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Benzodioxóis , Quitosana , Nanopartículas , Piperidinas , Alcamidas Poli-Insaturadas , Quitosana/química , Emulsões/química , Celulose/química , Carboximetilcelulose Sódica , Polímeros , Emulsificantes , Tamanho da Partícula , Nanopartículas/química
17.
J Integr Plant Biol ; 66(3): 510-531, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38441295

RESUMO

The basis of modern pharmacology is the human ability to exploit the production of specialized metabolites from medical plants, for example, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids. However, in most cases, the availability of these valuable compounds is limited by cellular or organelle barriers or spatio-temporal accumulation patterns within different plant tissues. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate biosynthesis of these specialized metabolites by tightly controlling the expression of biosynthetic genes. Cutting-edge technologies and/or combining multiple strategies and approaches have been applied to elucidate the role of TFs. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the transcription regulation mechanism of representative high-value products and describe the transcriptional regulatory network, and future perspectives are discussed, which will help develop high-yield plant resources.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Plantas Medicinais , Humanos , Plantas Medicinais/genética , Plantas Medicinais/metabolismo , Alcaloides/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Terpenos/metabolismo
18.
J Am Chem Soc ; 146(11): 7616-7627, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38446772

RESUMO

Natural products and their analogues are significant sources of therapeutic lead compounds. However, synthetic strategies for generating large collections of these molecules remain a significant challenge. The most difficult step in their synthesis is the design of a common intermediate that can be easily transformed into natural products belonging to different families. This study demonstrates the evolution of synthetic tactics designed to assemble the functionalized piperidines present in indole alkaloids from a common intermediate. More importantly, we also report a previously unknown Ir- and Er-catalyzed dehydrogenative spirocyclization reaction that enables direct access to spirocyclic oxindole alkaloids. As a practical application, the asymmetric total syntheses of 29 natural alkaloids belonging to different families were accomplished by following a uniform synthetic route. The proposed methodology extends the capability of the iridium-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reaction to the realm of indole-alkaloid synthesis and provides new opportunities for the efficient preparation of natural product-like molecules.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Produtos Biológicos , Humanos , Estereoisomerismo , Alcaloides Indólicos , Oxindóis
19.
Org Lett ; 26(11): 2163-2168, 2024 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38467014

RESUMO

Inspired by the multicomponent reaction-type scenario involving fatty dialdehydes, a nitrogen source, and acrolein, as a key C3 unit, put forward by Baldwin and Whitehead to explain the formation of manzamine-type alkaloids, 96 multicomponent reactions were designed, and their analytical readouts were deconvoluted using a herein-provided chemoinformatic workflow. This strategy pinpointed relevant conditions tuning the reactivity of acrolein to fulfill Baldwin and Whitehead's manzamine alkaloids biosynthetic hypothesis. This strategy can become part of a general method for the high-content analysis of multicomponent reactions applied to a natural product biosynthetic scenario.


Assuntos
Acroleína , Alcaloides , Cromatografia Líquida , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem
20.
J Nat Prod ; 87(3): 617-628, 2024 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436272

RESUMO

Nature is an important source of bioactive compounds and has continuously made a large contribution to the discovery of new drug leads. Particularly, plant-derived compounds have long been identified as highly interesting in the field of aging research and senescence. Many plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potential to influence cellular processes and provide health benefits. Among them, Piper alkaloids have emerged as interesting candidates in the context of age-related diseases and particularly senescence. These compounds have been shown to display a variety of features, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and other bioactive properties that may help counteracting the effects of cellular aging processes. In the review, we will put the emphasis on piperlongumine and other related derivatives, which belong to the Piper alkaloids, and whose senomodulating potential has emerged during the last several years. We will also provide a survey on their potential in therapeutic perspectives of age-related diseases.


Assuntos
Alcaloides , Piper , Amidas , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia
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