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1.
Mycopathologia ; 189(2): 25, 2024 Mar 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38466469

RESUMO

The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM), formed due to the surge in invasive fungal infections (IFI), initiated the Excellence Centers program in 2016 to guide stakeholders to leading medical mycology sites. This report focuses on the Cologne ECMM Excellence Center, recognized with Diamond status for active global involvement in 2017. The center offers free consultation via email and phone, responding within 24 h for life-threatening IFI, collecting data on origin, pathogens, infection details, and more. Over two years, 189 requests were received globally, predominantly from Germany (85%), mainly involving Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, and Candida spp. Fungal mixed infections occurred in 4% of cases. The center's service effectively addresses IFI challenges, advocating for a comprehensive study encompassing all ECMM Excellence Centers to enhance global mycological care. Proactive expansion of consultancy platforms is crucial, with future analyses needed to assess expert advice's impact on patient outcomes.


Assuntos
Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas , Micoses , Humanos , Micologia , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/diagnóstico , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Micoses/tratamento farmacológico , Aspergillus , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico
2.
Mycopathologia ; 189(1): 15, 2024 Jan 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38265528

RESUMO

The success of the clinical management of invasive fungal diseases (IFD) is highly dependent on suitable tools for timely and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. An in-depth analysis of the ability of European institutions to promptly and accurately diagnose IFD was previously conducted to identify limitations and aspects to improve. Here, we evaluated and discussed the specific case of Portugal, for which, to our knowledge, there are no reports describing the national mycological diagnostic capacity and access to antifungal treatment. Data from 16 Portuguese medical institutions were collected via an online electronic case report form covering different parameters, including institution profile, self-perceived IFD incidence, target patients, diagnostic methods and reagents, and available antifungals. The majority of participating institutions (69%) reported a low-very low incidence of IFD, with Candida spp. indicated as the most relevant fungal pathogen, followed by Aspergillus spp. and Cryptococcus spp. All institutions had access to culture and microscopy, whereas 94 and 88% were able to run antigen-detection assays and molecular tests, respectively. All of the institutions capable of providing antifungal therapy declared to have access to at least one antifungal. However, echinocandins were only available at 85% of the sites. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was reported to remain a very restricted practice in Portugal, being available in 19% of the institutions, with the TDM of itraconazole and posaconazole performed in only 6% of them. Importantly, several of these resources are outsourced to external entities. Except for TDM, Portugal appears to be well-prepared concerning the overall capacity to diagnose and treat IFD. Future efforts should focus on promoting the widespread availability of TDM and improved access to multiple classes of antifungals, to further improve patient outcomes.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas , Humanos , Portugal , Micologia , Itraconazol , Equinocandinas
4.
Mycopathologia ; 188(Suppl 1): 1-301, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38062341

Assuntos
Micologia , Grécia
6.
J Clin Microbiol ; 61(12): e0100123, 2023 12 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38112422
7.
Rev Iberoam Micol ; 40(2-3): 35-38, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37978018

RESUMO

We present the case of a twenty six year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, treated with certolizumab. She sought medical attention due to cough, fever and night sweats. X-ray exam showed a miliary pneumonia. She was treated for tuberculosis and 50days later she presented with aphasia. Magnetic nuclear resonance revealed brain lesions. Histoplasma capsulatum PCR test and urinary antigen were positive, so an antifungal treatment with voriconazole was started. Visual adverse effects forced to change the antifungal schedule in both the length of treatment and the antifungal drug. With this measure the patient progressed favorably. The test of urinary Histoplasma capsulatum antigen and PCR amplification were key to make a diagnosis and also for a follow-up.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos , Histoplasmose , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Histoplasmose/complicações , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico , Micologia , Histoplasma , Voriconazol/farmacologia
8.
Biomedica ; 43(Sp. 1): 267-277, 2023 08 31.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37721902

RESUMO

Natural and human-made disasters have long played a role in shaping the environment and microbial communities, also affecting non-microbial life on Earth. Disaster microbiology is a new concept based on the notion that a disaster changes the environment causing adaptation or alteration of microbial populations -growth, death, transportation to a new area, development traits, or resistance- that can have downstream effects on the affected ecosystem. Such downstream effects include blooms of microbial populations and the ability to colonize a new niche or host, cause disease, or survive in former extreme conditions. Throughout history, fungal populations have been affected by disasters. There are prehistoric archeological records of fungal blooms after asteroid impacts and fungi implicated in the fall of the dinosaurs. In recent times, drought and dust storms have caused disturbance of soil fungi, and hurricanes have induced the growth of molds on wet surfaces, resulting in an increased incidence of fungal disease. Probably, the anticipated increase in extreme heat would force fungi adaptation to survive at high temperatures, like those in the human body, and thus be able to infect mammals. This may lead to a drastic rise of new fungal diseases in humans.


Los desastres naturales o los causados por el hombre impactan la formación de ecosistemas y comunidades microbianas, y también afectan las formas de vida no microbianas. Este concepto es conocido como "microbiología de desastres", una subespecialización de la microbiología, basada en los cambios ambientales generados por un desastre y las posibles adaptaciones o alteraciones de las poblaciones microbianas ­crecimiento, muerte, trasporte a una nueva región, o adquisición de resistencia o de nuevas características­ que influirán en el moldeamiento del ecosistema transformado. Algunos de los efectos de estas adaptaciones pueden ser: el surgimiento de poblaciones microbianas, la habilidad de colonizar nuevos nichos u huéspedes, la generación de nuevas enfermedades, o el crecimiento de microorganismos en condiciones que antes eran "extremas" para ellos. A lo largo de la historia, varias poblaciones de hongos han sido afectadas por desastres. Existen registros arqueológicos prehistóricos que evidencian la presencia y el crecimiento de hongos luego del impacto de asteroides, y otros de hongos relacionados con la extinción de los dinosaurios. Actualmente, las sequías y las tormentas de polvo causan perturbaciones en las comunidades de hongos del suelo, y los huracanes inducen el crecimiento de hongos filamentosos en superficies húmedas, lo que aumenta la cantidad de enfermedades por hongos. Además, con el aumento de las temperaturas extremas es posible que los hongos puedan adaptarse para sobrevivir a temperaturas más altas, equivalentes a las temperaturas corporales, y nuevas especies puedan infectar mamíferos. Esto puede llevar a un aumento drástico de las infecciones fúngicas en humanos.


Assuntos
Desastres , Microbiota , Humanos , Animais , Micologia , Secas , Mamíferos
9.
Leg Med (Tokyo) ; 65: 102301, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37540926

RESUMO

In forensic case work, fungal growth is occasionally observed on decomposed cadavers, however, the isolation of these organisms is not always carried out routinely. The usefulness of investigating fungi isolated from corpses in forensic settings, has been reported, such as providing trace evidence, estimating the time since death, and ascertaining the time of deposition. A 32-year-old male missing for 4 months, was found in a car in a forest far from his home and had died from blood loss, having been stabbed with a kitchen knife in the left side of his chest. Whitish or white greenish colonies ranging 5 cm to 8 cm in size were observed over his whole body. Penicillium commune and Cladosporium cladosporioides were isolated from the colonies. A 49-year-old male missing for one month, and was found dead at 500 m elevation in the mountains. An autopsy was conducted, but the cause of death could not be determined. Dark greenish or whitish colonies were found on his face and neck, and Epicoccum nigrum, Mucor sp.. Cladosporium sp., and Pestalotiopsis sp. were isolated. Penicillium sp. and Cladosporium sp. are major indoor fungi, and Epicoccum sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp. are plant pathogens found in outdoor environments. There was no discrepancy between the police statement and findings of the corpse such as place discovered, types of isolated fungi, and estimated time since death. Identifying fungi on cadavers may aid in forensic casework, and further studies are needed to develop for the use of fungi as a forensic tool.


Assuntos
Micologia , Mudanças Depois da Morte , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cadáver , Medicina Legal
10.
Curr Biol ; 33(12): R679-R681, 2023 06 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37339594

RESUMO

The ability of fungi to mineralize substrates is a common but underestimated phenomenon. Now, researchers have demonstrated the usefulness of this process in fossilization by documenting the formation of hydroxyapatite nanofibres. This opens new avenues in palaeomycology and palaeontology.


Assuntos
Biomineralização , Fungos , Micologia , Fósseis
12.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 40(2/3): 19-25, Abr-Jun, 2023. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228370

RESUMO

Background: Identification of dermatophytes is usually performed through morphological analyses. However, it may be hindered due to the discovery of new species and complexes and, with some isolates, by the absence of fructification. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) seems to be an option for improving identification. Aims: To develop a database (DB) for the identification of dermatophytes with MALDI-TOF MS, including 32 isolates from the Red de Micología de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires [Mycology Network of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires] (RMCABA) and one reference isolate (RMCABA DB), and evaluate its performance when added to the DB from the supplier, Bruker (Bruker DB). Methods: All the isolates in the RMCABA DB were identified based on morphology and sequencing. To evaluate the performance of the extended DB (Bruker DB plus RMCABA DB), 136 clinical isolates were included. Results: The percentages of identification at the species level increased from 45% to 88%, but the identification at the genus level decreased from 23% to 7%.Conclusions: MALDI-TOF MS yielded better performance in the identification of dermatophytes after including the RMCABA DB, which encompassed local isolates.(AU)


Antecedentes: La identificación de dermatofitos se realiza, usualmente, a través del análisis morfológico, pero puede verse dificultada por la aparición de nuevas especies y complejos de especies y, en algunos aislamientos, por la falta de elementos de fructificación. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) aparece como una alternativa para mejorar la identificación. Objetivos: Construir una base de datos (BaDa) para la identificación de dermatofitos mediante MALDI-TOF MS, con 32 aislamientos de la Red de Micología de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (RMCABA) y una cepa de referencia (BaDa RMCABA), y evaluar su desempeño al incorporarla a la BaDa del proveedor Bruker (BaDa Bruker). Métodos: Todos los aislamientos incorporados a la BaDa RMCABA se identificaron por morfología y secuenciación. Para la evaluación de la BaDa ampliada (BaDa Bruker más BaDa RMCABA) se incluyeron 136 aislamientos clínicos. Resultados: El porcentaje de identificación a nivel de especie se incrementó del 45 al 88%, mientras que la identificación a nivel de género disminuyó del 23 al 7%. Conclusiones: Con la incorporación de la BaDa RMCABA, que contó con aislamientos regionales, se observó un mejor desempeño en la identificación de dermatofitos por MALDI-TOF MS.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Arthrodermataceae/virologia , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Micologia , Argentina
13.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 40(2/3): 26-30, Abr-Jun, 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228371

RESUMO

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a promising new treatment for different types of cancer. The infectious complications in patients taking ICIs are rare. Case report: A 58-year-old male who received chemotherapy consisting of pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) for esophagus squamous cell carcinoma one month before was admitted to the emergency room with shortness of breath soon after fiberoptic bronchoscopy, which was done for the inspection of the lower airway. A computed tomography of the chest revealed a progressive consolidation on the right upper lobe. Salmonella group D was isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid culture. The fungal culture of the same clinical sample yielded Aspergillus niger; furthermore, a high titer (above the cut-off values) of Aspergillus antigen was found both in the BAL fluid and serum of the patient. Despite the effective spectrum and appropriate dose of antimicrobial treatment, the patient died due to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Conclusions: Awareness of unusual pathogens in the etiology of pneumonia after ICI treatment may help to avoid underdiagnosis.(AU)


Antecedentes: Los fármacos inhibidores de puntos de control inmunitario (ICI) son una nueva y prometedora opción de tratamiento para diferentes tipos de cáncer. Las complicaciones infecciosas en pacientes que toman ICI son poco frecuentes. Caso clínico: Un varón de 58 años que recibió quimioterapia con pembrolizumab (inhibidor de PD-1) para un carcinoma de células escamosas de esófago hacía un año, ingresó en Urgencias por dificultad respiratoria poco después de realizarse una broncoscopia de fibra óptica para una inspección de las vías aéreas inferiores. La tomografía computarizada de tórax reveló una consolidación progresiva en el lóbulo superior derecho. Se aisló Salmonella grupo D en el cultivo del líquido de lavado broncoalveolar (LBA). En el cultivo de hongos de la misma muestra creció Aspergillus niger; además, se detectó antígeno (por encima de los valores de corte) de Aspergillus tanto en la muestra del LBA como en el suero del paciente. A pesar del espectro eficaz y la dosis adecuada del antifúngico utilizado, el paciente falleció debido a una coagulopatía intravascular diseminada. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de patógenos inusuales en la etiología de la neumonía tras el tratamiento con ICI puede ayudar a evitar el infradiagnóstico.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Necrosante/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , /tratamento farmacológico , Febre Tifoide , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Micologia , Pneumonia Necrosante/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Necrosante/microbiologia , Salmonella
14.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 40(2/3): 31-34, Abr-Jun, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228372

RESUMO

Case report: Here we present the case of a 53-year-old woman under corticosteroid therapy with a history of rheumatic heart disease, aortic valve replacement, and rheumatoid arthritis, who presented with fungal endocarditis caused by Candida albicans. Even though the patient received 3 years of antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole, had valve replacement surgery, and received intensive care, the patient finally worsened and died. Conclusions: Comorbidities and corticosteroid therapy predisposed the patient to acquire fungal endocarditis. This case highlights the importance of implementing procedures for the isolation and identification of fungi, and for carrying out antifungal-susceptibility testing, as well as establishing surveillance programs to identify infection-causing species and drug resistance patterns in hospitals. Moreover, designing and upgrading the algorithm for infectious endocarditis is the key to future improvements in diagnosis.(AU)


Antecedentes: La endocarditis fúngica es una enfermedad de baja incidencia cuyo diagnóstico puede ser complicado al confundirse con la endocarditis bacteriana. La endocarditis fúngica se asocia a mayor mortalidad en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. En la práctica clínica, la endocarditis fúngica representa hasta el 10% de las endocarditis infecciosas, con una mortalidad de aproximadamente el 50%. Caso clínico: Mujer de 53 años con endocarditis fúngica por Candida albicans en tratamiento con corticosteroides por antecedentes de fiebre reumática, prótesis de válvula aorta y artritis reumatoide. A pesar de 3 años de profilaxis antifúngica con fluconazol, un nuevo reemplazo valvular y cuidados intensivos, la paciente finalmente empeora y muere. Conclusiones: Las comorbilidades y la toma de corticosteroides predispusieron a la paciente a adquirir una endocarditis fúngica. Esto resalta la importancia de implementar procedimientos de aislamiento, identificación del hongo y pruebas de sensibilidad a los antifúngicos, así como establecer programas de vigilancia para identificar especies causantes de infecciones y patrones de resistencia en hospitales. Además, diseñar y actualizar el algoritmo para un mejor diagnóstico de las endocarditis infecciosas es una cuestión clave.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Endocardite Bacteriana , Micoses/tratamento farmacológico , Fluconazol/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans/virologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Exame Físico , Pacientes Internados , Micologia , Endocardite/tratamento farmacológico , Endocardite/etiologia , Endocardite/microbiologia
15.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 40(2/3): 35-38, Abr-Jun, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228373

RESUMO

We present the case of a twenty six year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, treated with certolizumab. She sought medical attention due to cough, fever and night sweats. X-ray exam showed a miliary pneumonia. She was treated for tuberculosis and 50days later she presented with aphasia. Magnetic nuclear resonance revealed brain lesions. Histoplasma capsulatum PCR test and urinary antigen were positive, so an antifungal treatment with voriconazole was started. Visual adverse effects forced to change the antifungal schedule in both the length of treatment and the antifungal drug. With this measure the patient progressed favorably. The test of urinary Histoplasma capsulatum antigen and PCR amplification were key to make a diagnosis and also for a follow-up.(AU)


Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 26años de edad, profesora de educación física. Nació y vive en Burzaco, conurbano sur de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Debido a su trabajo había realizado diversos viajes y acampado en diferentes provincias de nuestro país (Misiones, Corrientes, San Juan y Mendoza). En el extranjero solo había visitado Orlando (EE.UU.). Desde hacía 10años padecía artritis reumatoide juvenil. Por esta patología recibió metotrexato 15mg/semana, prednisona 5mg/día e hidroxicloroquina 400mg/día durante 7años. Posteriormente le fue prescrito certolizumab 200mg cada dos semanas y, posteriormente, 400mg cada cuatro semanas. Tras dos años con esta medicación le fue suspendida por la aparición de tos seca, fiebre, astenia, adinamia y sudores nocturnos. Debido a estas manifestaciones se le realizó una radiografía de tórax (fig. 1) y se suspendió inmediatamente el tratamiento con el inmunomodulador (certolizumab).(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Artrite Juvenil/tratamento farmacológico , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Hidroxicloroquina/efeitos adversos , Paracoccidioides , Histoplasmose/complicações , Micologia/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Tosse , Astenia , Febre , Radiografia Torácica , Antifúngicos , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico
16.
Br J Hist Sci ; 56(3): 369-390, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37248705

RESUMO

Italian mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo is best remembered for his monumental Sylloge Fungorum, the first 'modern' effort to compile all identified fungi within a single classification scheme. The existing history of mycology is limited and has primarily focused on developments within England, but this article argues that Saccardo and his collaborators on the Sylloge supported a vital transnational expansion of mycological knowledge exchange and played a crucial role in stabilizing the tangled knot of local naming and identification among the world's amateur and professional mycologists. Written in the 'universal' scientific language of Latin, the Sylloge served as an early database of fungal knowledge and symbolized a broader unification of mycological inquiry in a moment of expanded scientific correspondence. The article situates this proto-database in broader histories of big data in biology and shows how the Sylloge formed a globalizing foundation for the twentieth century's major collecting and taxonomic advances in mycology.


Assuntos
Fungos , Micologia , Humanos , Esporos Fúngicos , Itália , Atletas
17.
Mycopathologia ; 188(5): 597-601, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37022621

RESUMO

Online social media networks are an integral part of modern life. Microblogging sites such as Twitter have hundreds of millions of active users globally and have been enthusiastically adopted by many in the medical profession. For advancing a relatively neglected field such as fungal infection, this can be especially advantageous. Education, research networking, case discussions and public and patient engagement can all be greatly enhanced through the use of social media networks. This review highlights the ways in which this can work successfully in the case of aspergillosis and fungal infection in general, as well as highlighting the dangers and pitfalls of social media medicine.


Assuntos
Aspergilose , Micoses , Mídias Sociais , Humanos , Micologia , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico
18.
J Forensic Sci ; 68(3): 1064-1072, 2023 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37031349

RESUMO

Criminal cases are studied from several disciplines to link a suspect with a criminal act. In this case, a man was reported missing in a coastal area in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The victim's relatives pointed to a possible suspect, and the local police carried out the investigation. We contributed to this research by applying palynological and mycological techniques. Palynomorphs and fungal spores offer valuable trace evidence, as they can be easily transferred between objects and crime scenes due to their minute size and persist on them for a long time. The victim was found 25 days later, lying on sandy soil, which partially covered the body, 35 km from where the suspect was arrested. Comparative samples were collected from the crime scene and the suspect's home and belongings (clothes, footwear, and seized vehicle). The palynological associations obtained from the crime scene and the defendant's belongings were dominated by diatoms and acritarchs (Acantomorphitae), all elements of marine origin, and a high CFU number of Bipolaris cynodontis, which allowed the defendant's clothing to be related to the place of corpse discovery. Soil from the defendant's home had an entirely continental composition, and the fungal biota was characteristic of prairie areas which were different from those of the crime scene.


Assuntos
Homicídio , Micologia , Masculino , Humanos , Esporos Fúngicos , Solo
19.
Protein Cell ; 14(3): 159-161, 2023 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37063413
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