[The study of microbiota in patients with bullous lesions of the oral mucosa]. / Izuchenie mikrobioty slizistoi obolochki rta u patsientov s bulleznymi porazheniyami.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: The study by the method of tissue polymerase chain reaction of the species composition of the microbiota of lesions of the oral mucosa in patients with bullous lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Biopsy specimens of the oral mucosa of 51 patients were studied by the polymerase chain reaction method, of which 14 patients with pemphigus vulgaris, 17 patients with pemphigoid bullosa, and 20 patients with the bullous form of ruber lichen planus. 4 types of microorganisms have been identified - Fusobacterium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida albicans, Ureaplasma spp. and viruses - Human Papillomavirus 16, Epstein-Barr virus and Citomegalovirus. RESULTS: In the study of the microbiota of bullous lesions, associations of microorganisms and viruses were established in a significant number of cases. Associations of Str.pneumoniae and C. albicans were quite common in patients with pemphigus vulgaris in 26.3%, pemphigoid bullosa in 20.0%, and in patients with the bullous form of ruber lichen planus in 14.3% of cases. In patients with pemphigus vulgaris, the association of Str.pneumoniae, C. albicans and EBV was noted in 31.6% of cases. In patients with the bullous form of ruber lichen planus in a high percentage of cases (28.6%), the associations of Str. pneumoniae, EBV and CMV. CONCLUSION: Identification at earlier stages of management of patients with bullous lesions Str. pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Fusobacterium associated with herpes viruses should be regarded as one of the triggering mechanisms of an autoimmune conflict, which subsequently causes a specific clinical picture of these diseases.

[Immunomorphology of bullous lesions of the oral mucosa]. / Immunomorfologiya puzyrnykh porazhenii slizistoi obolochki rta.

The article is devoted to the study of immunohistochemical parameters in patients with bullous lesions of the oral mucosa. The biopsy samples of the oral mucosa were studied in 57 patients, including patients with pemphigoid bullosa (38 people) and pemphigus vulgaris (19 people). The results of immunohistochemical studies indicate the cellular mechanisms of damage to the epithelium, in which IL-1, IL-6 and HPV16 are involved.

[Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of oral mucosa bullous lesions]. / Épidemiologiia, étiologiia, patogenez bulleznykh porazhenii slizistoi obolochki rta.

OBJECTIVE Based on the data available in modern literature, to conduct a study on the epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of bullous lesions of the oral mucosa (pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigoid bullosa, lichen ruber planus). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The article is based on the study of materials of foreign and domestic research databases Pubmed and Elibrary. Used literature data over the past 15 years. RESULTS: According to domestic and foreign studies, among dermatological diseases, the most frequently detected diseases are: lichen ruber planus, pemphigoid bullosa and pemphigus vulgaris. The initial signs of these diseases are often neglected, both in patients and doctors, which leads to irreversible changes and severe course of the pathological process. In this connection, the number of patients with these lesions of the oral mucosa increases every year in all countries of the world. Bullous lesions of the oral mucosa are inflammatory and destructive diseases characterized mainly by recurrent course, variety of clinical manifestations, resistance to various therapeutic drugs. The specific features of the course of these diseases are explained both by the anatomical and physiological features of the oral mucosa, and by the etiologic and pathogenetic mechanisms of development. Currently, autoimmune processes play a leading role in the genesis of diseases, developing in response to changes in the antigenic structure of epidermal and epithelial cells under the influence of various damaging agents. CONCLUSION: Thanks to the study, it was found that currently there are no data confirming the presence of microbial contamination of the tissues of the oral mucosa in the pathology under study. Not enough information on the factors of the immune response, in particular, on proinflammatory cytokines in the tissues of the oral mucosa.

Signal Mechanism of the Protective Effect of Combined Preconditioning by Amtizole and Moderate Hypoxia.

The content of regulatory proteins involved in adaptation to hypoxia and ischemia was studied in brain rat homogenate under conditions of normoxia and after bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries. Preconditioning with amtizole in combination with moderate hypoxia increased the levels of HIF-1α, erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor under conditions of normoxia. During experimental ischemia, combined preconditioning led to stabilization of the content of these regulatory proteins at the level of intact control and to a decrease in glycogen synthase-3ß kinase activity. This pattern of changes in regulatory proteins was noted during the early and late periods of preconditioning.

[Technical features of intraligamental intraseptal anesthesia].

Based on personal clinical experience the authors provide clinical guidelines for periodontal anesthesia. The by-step protocol for intraligamentary and intraseptal anesthesia is presented. The basic mistakes in technique and possible complications are described. Recommendations for a local anesthetic choice and dosage for different groups of teeth are given.

[Optimization of complex treatment of patients with severe oral leukoplakia].

The aim of the study was to prove the rationale for antiviral therapy combined with surgical procedures for treatment of severe oral leukoplakia. Complex clinical and laboratory evaluation and treatment was performed in 56 patients divided in 2 groups. Control group was presented by 13 patients receiving dental treatment, local and systemic keratoplastic formulations. Main group involved 43 patients in which conventional treatment protocol was completed by antiviral therapy and surgical procedures. Leukoplakia diagnosis was based on clinical findings, histological and immunohistochemical studies as well as optic coherent tomography data. The obtained results evidently prove the necessity for including antiviral therapy and surgical procedures in treatment scheme of severe oral leukoplakia.

[Likopid in complex treatment of oral dysbiosis].

The aim of the study was to assess likopid effectiveness in complex treatment of oral dysbiosis. The study included 76 patients: 23 patients receiving antifungal and antimicrobial treatment, eubiotics and bacteriophages and 53 patients in which the above mentioned therapy was combined with licopid as immunocorrective agent. Laser flow cytometry was used to examine oral fluid bacteriostatic properties. The results of the study confirm licopid to be useful for complex treatment of oral dysbiosis.

[Oral fluid bacteriocidal activity in complex diagnostics of oral disbiosis].

The possibility of examination of oral fluid bacteriocidal activity in complex diagnostics of oral mucosa disbiosis was evaluated. Thirty-seven patients were included in complex clinical and laboratory studies. The patients were divided in two groups: main group (30 patients exhibiting various grades of oral mucosa disbiosis) and control group (7 patients with no signs of oral disbiosis). The oral fluid bacteriocidal activity was examined by means of laser flow cytometry. Study results proved oral fluid bacteriocidal activity increase to correlate with the grade of oral mucosa disbiosis thus confirming the usefulness of the method in complex diagnostics of oral disbiosis.