In this article, we propose the design of a rectangular-shaped patch antenna suitable for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications and short and long-range Millimeter-Wave Communications. We begin with the design of a high-gain UWB rectangular patch antenna featuring a partial ground plane and operating within the 3.1-10.6 GHz bandwidth. Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRRs) are integrated on both sides of the structure to meet desired specifications. The resulting UWB antenna boasts an extended frequency bandwidth, covering 2.38-22.5 GHz (twice that of the original antenna), with a peak gain of 6.5 dBi and an 88% radiation efficiency. The grey wolf optimization technique (GWO) determines optimal structural dimensions. Validation of the antenna's performance is demonstrated through the strong agreement between measurement and simulation.
The early detection and diagnosis of cancer presents significant challenges in today's healthcare. So, this research, suggests an original experimental biosensor for cell cancer detection using a corona-shaped metamaterial resonator. This resonator is designed to detect cancer markers with high sensitivity, selectivity, and linearity properties. By exploiting the unique properties of the corona metamaterial structure in the GHz regime, the resonator provides enhanced interaction of electromagnetic waves and improved detection skills. Through careful experimental, simulation, and optimization studies, we accurately demonstrate the resonator's ability to detect cancer. The proposed detection system is capable of real-time non-invasive cancer detection, allowing for rapid intervention and better patient outcomes. The sensitivity value was confirmed through simulation, estimated at 0.1825 GHz/RIU. The results of two different simulation methods are used: the simulation software CST Studio Suite (version 2017) based on the finite element method (FEM), and the simulation software ADS (version 2019) based on the equivalent circuit method, thereby increasing confidence in the convergence of simulation and measurement results. This work opens new avenues for developing advanced detection technologies in the field of oncology, and paves the way for more effective cancer diagnosis. The experimental study verified that this realized sensor has very small frequency shifts, significantly small electrical dimension and miniaturization, high sensitivity, and good linearity. The suggested configurations showed a capacity for sensing cancer cells in the GHz regime.
This study describes the design and implementation of a small printed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna for smart electronic systems with on-demand adjustable notching properties. A contiguous sub-band between 3-4.1 GHz, 4.45-6.5 GHz, or for both bands concurrently, can be mitigated by the antenna. Numerous technologies and applications, including WiMAX, Wi-Fi, ISMA, WLAN, and sub-6 GHz, primarily utilize these band segments remitted by the UWB. The upper notch band is implemented by inserting an open-ended stub with the partial ground plane; the lower notch band functionality is obtained by etching a U-shaped slot from the radiating structure. The basic UWB mode is then changed to a UWB mode, with a single or dual notch band, using two diodes to achieve reconfigurability. The antenna has a physically compact size of 17 × 23 mm2 and a quasi-omnidirectional maximum gain of 4.9 dBi, along with a high efficiency of more than 80%, according to both simulation and measurement data. A significant bandwidth in the UWB region is also demonstrated by the proposed design, with a fractional bandwidth of 180% in relation to the 5.2 GHz center frequency. Regarding compactness, consistent gain, and programmable notch features, the proposed antenna outperforms the antennas described in the literature. In addition to these benefits, the antenna's compact size makes it simple to incorporate into small electronic devices and enables producers to build many antennas without complications.
A dual-band, compact, high-gain, simple geometry, wideband antenna for 5G millimeter-wave applications at 28 and 38 GHz is proposed in this paper. Initially, an antenna operating over dual bands of 28 and 38 GHz was designed. Later, a four-port Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna was developed for the same dual-band applications for high data rates, low latency, and improved capacity for 5G communication devices. To bring down mutual coupling between antenna elements, a parasitic element of simple geometry was loaded between the MIMO elements. After the insertion of the parasitic element, the isolation of the antenna improved by 25 dB. The suggested creation was designed using a Rogers/Duroid RT-5870 laminate with a thickness of 0.79 mm. The single element proposed has an overall small size of 13 mm × 15 mm, while the MIMO configuration of the proposed work has a miniaturized size of 28 mm × 28 mm. The parasitic element-loaded MIMO antenna offers a high gain of 9.5 and 11.5 dB at resonance frequencies of 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively. Various MIMO parameters were also examined, and the results generated by the EM tool CST Studio Suite® and hardware prototype are presented. The parasitic element-loaded MIMO antenna offers an Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.001 and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.01 bps/Hz, which are quite good values. Moreover, a comparison with existing work in the literature is given to show the superiority of the MIMO antenna. The suggested MIMO antenna provides good results and is regarded as a solid candidate for future 5G applications according to the comparison with the state of the art, results, and discussion.
