SHP2 mediates the ROS/JNK/NFAT4 signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells prompting lncRNA SNHG18 to drive gastric cancer growth and metastasis via CAR-T cells.

OBJECTIVE: In gastric cancer cells, the influence of CAR T cells can be produced in the process of inhibiting the progression of gastric cancer, and the role of tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 can be explored in this study, along with its molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The research utilized subcutaneous tumor models in nude mice to assess gastric cancer progression. Protein expression was detected using Western blotting, while Q-PCR examined the expression levels of lncRNA SNHG18 and miR-211-5p in MGC-803 cells. The relationship between miR-211-5p and lncRNA SNHG18 can be analyzed by dual luciferase reporter genes. The migratory ability of MGC-803 cells was determined through wound healing and transwell experiments, and cell proliferation was evaluated using a CCK-8 assay. RESULTS: SHP2 was found to inhibit the cytotoxic effects of CAR-T cells on MGC-803 cells, and it suppressed the expression of proteins related to the ROS/JNK/NFAT4 signaling pathway in MGC-803 cells and the miR-211-5p/BRD4 axis in CAR-T cells. In addition, the proliferation, invasion and migration of MGC-803 cells were promoted, and the expression of miR-211-5p could be inhibited specifically by ncRNA SNHG18, as shown below:SHP2 in gastric cancer cells mediates the ROS/JNK/NFAT4 signaling pathway and induces lncRNA SNHG18, which, through the miR-211-5p/BRD4 axis in CAR-T cells, promotes gastric cancer growth and metastasis.

New application of intestinal obstruction catheter in enterocutaneous fistula: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is an abnormal connection between the gastrointestinal tract and the skin. ECF can lead to massive body fluid loss, hypercatabolism, and malnutrition. Therefore, nutritional support plays a crucial role in managing ECFs and promoting the healing of fistulas. For nutritional support, enteral nutrition (EN) is the preferred method when gastrointestinal function is recovering. Currently, various EN approaches have been applied for different anatomical positions of the ECF. However, the effectiveness of administering EN support for treating lower ECFs still needs further exploration and improvement. CASE SUMMARY: We present the case of a 46-year-old male who underwent gastrointestinal stromal tumour resection. Six days after the surgery, the patient presented with fever, fatigue, severe upper abdominal pain, and septic shock. Subsequently, lower ECFs were diagnosed through laboratory and imaging examinations. In addition to symptomatic treatment for homeostasis, total parenteral nutrition support was administered in the first 72 h due to dysfunction of the intestine. After that, we gradually provided EN support through the intestinal obstruction catheter in consideration of the specific anatomic position of the fistula instead of using the nasal jejunal tube. Ultimately, the patient could receive optimal EN support via the catheter, and no complications were found during the treatment. CONCLUSION: Nutritional support is a crucial element in ECF management, and intestinal obstruction catheters could be used for early EN administration.

Clinical efficacy of cyclosporin and natamycin for fungal keratitis.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical efficacy of cyclosporin (CYSP) and natamycin (NAT) as a combination therapy in patients with fungal keratitis. Methods: This is a retrospective study. A total of 64 patients (64 eyes) with fungal keratitis treated by Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between December 2018 and May 2022 according to their treatment methods were divided into a monotherapy (MT) group receiving NAT eye drops solely and a combination therapy (CT) group given CYSP eye drops in addition to the exact treatment provided for the MT group. The clinical responses, visual acuity changes, severity of eye symptoms, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: At two and four weeks post-treatment, the CT group had an overall response rate (ORR) significantly higher than that of the MT group (P< 0.05, respectively); both groups showed improved visual acuity and eye symptoms compared with the pre-treatment condition, and these improvements were more pronounced in the CT group (P < 0.05, respectively). Compared with the MT group, the CT group experienced a significantly shorter duration of eye symptoms (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate(ARR) was 9.38% in the CT group and 6.25% in the MT group, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Using CYSP and NAT as a combination therapy for fungal keratitis can substantially heighten the therapeutic effects, promote visual acuity recovery, and induce rapid remission of eye symptoms without increasing the risk of adverse reactions.

The novel HLA-B*40:550 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-B*40:550 differs from HLA-B*40:01:02:01 by one nucleotide in exon 1.

The novel HLA-DPB1*1553:01 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-DPB1*1553:01 differs from HLA-DPB1*09:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-C*07:1089 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*07:1089 differs from HLA-C*07:02:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-A*11:01:127 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-A*11:01:127 differs from HLA-A*11:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

Dual-channel air-pulse optical coherence elastography for frequency-response analysis.

Microliter air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE) has recently been proposed for the characterization of soft-tissue biomechanics using transient, sub-nanometer to micrometer-scale natural frequency oscillations. However, previous studies have not been able to provide real-time air-pulse monitoring during OCE natural frequency measurement, which could lead to inaccurate measurement results due to the unknown excitation spectrum. To address this issue, we introduce a dual-channel air-pulse OCE method, with one channel stimulating the sample and the other being simultaneously measured with a pressure sensor. This allows for more accurate natural frequency characterization using the frequency response function, as proven by a comprehensive comparison under different conditions with a diverse range of excitation spectra (from broad to narrow, clean to noisy) as well as a diverse set of sample response spectra. We also demonstrate the capability of the frequency-response analysis in distinguishing samples with different stiffness levels: the dominant natural frequencies increased with agar concentrations (181-359 Hz, concentrations: 1-2%, and maximum displacements: 0.12-0.47 µm) and intraocular pressures (IOPs) for the silicone cornea (333-412 Hz, IOP: 5-40 mmHg, and maximum displacements: 0.41-0.52 µm) under a 200 Pa stimulation pressure. These frequencies remained consistent across different air-pulse durations (3 ms to 35 ms). The dual-channel OCE approach that uses transient, low-pressure stimulation and high-resolution imaging holds the potential to advance our understanding of sample frequency responses, especially when investigating delicate tissues such as the human cornea in vivo.

Bioinductive Patch as an Augmentation for Rotator Cuff Repair, a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are a prevalent cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. For those who fail initial conservative treatment, operative intervention can be pursued. A significant and common complication after rotator cuff repair (RCR) is retearing or non-healing. Numerous augmentations to traditional suture RCR have been studied. Of these, the Smith+Nephew Regeneten bioinductive collagen patch has had promising initial results; however, analytic data for its use is lacking, and there is no meta-analysis comparing the available data to historical RCR outcomes. METHODS: A PRISMA-guided literature search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMED, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov. 13 studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only clinical trials on full and partial-thickness tears were included. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score (ASES), Constant-Murley score (CMS), the visual analog scale for pain (VAS), the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), tendon thickness, and complication rates were primary outcomes of interest. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall complication and retear rate from the included studies. RESULTS: ASES, CMS, and VAS improved significantly in all studies that reported them, and most patients achieved MCID. Patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) improvements were similar to historical improvements in standard RCR, and a similar proportion of patients achieved MCID after standard repair. Tendon thickness improved significantly and to a similar degree as standard RCR. Overall retear rate after full thickness RCR augmented with the bioinductive patch was 8.3%. For partial thickness RCR, total retear rate of 1.1% across all patients. The overall complication rate with the bioinductive patch was 15.5% across all full-thickness RCR studies and 16.2% in partial thickness RCR. We found overall retear rate to be lower after augmentation with the bioinductive patch compared to traditional repair; however, the overall complication rate was similar for full-thickness tears and higher for partial-thickness tears. Lastly, adverse reactions to the bioinductive patch were noted at 0.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The bioinductive collagen patch appears to be a safe augmentation for rotator cuff repair. Patients are likely to experience significant subjective improvement in PROMs and significant increases in tendon thickness. Retear rate has been a concern after RCR for decades, and the bioinductive patch may help mitigate this risk. There is a lack of case-control studies comparing the bioinductive patch to traditional suture RCR. Such data is needed to better determine the role of the bioinductive patch in the treatment of full and partial-thickness rotator cuff repairs.

Machine Learning in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer by PET-CT.

As a disease with high morbidity and high mortality, lung cancer has seriously harmed people's health. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are more important. PET/CT is usually used to obtain the early diagnosis, staging, and curative effect evaluation of tumors, especially lung cancer, due to the heterogeneity of tumors and the differences in artificial image interpretation and other reasons, it also fails to entirely reflect the real situation of tumors. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to all aspects of life. Machine learning (ML) is one of the important ways to realize AI. With the help of the ML method used by PET/CT imaging technology, there are many studies in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. This article summarizes the application progress of ML based on PET/CT in lung cancer, in order to better serve the clinical. In this study, we searched PubMed using machine learning, lung cancer, and PET/CT as keywords to find relevant articles in the past 5 years or more. We found that PET/CT-based ML approaches have achieved significant results in the detection, delineation, classification of pathology, molecular subtyping, staging, and response assessment with survival and prognosis of lung cancer, which can provide clinicians a powerful tool to support and assist in critical daily clinical decisions. However, ML has some shortcomings such as slightly poor repeatability and reliability.

Salvia miltiorrhiza inhibited lung cancer through aerobic glycolysis suppression.

Lung cancer causes the most cancer deaths and needs new treatment strategies urgently. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a classical Chinese herb and a strong candidate for tumor treatment. The study found that the aqueous extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (DSAE), ethanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (DSEE), and its active components danshensu (DSS) and dihydrotanshinone I (DHI), exhibited antineoplastic effects in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, DSAE, DSEE, DSS, and DHI reduced glycolysis metabolites (ATP, lactate, and pyruvate contents) production, decreased aerobic glycolysis enzymes, and inhibited Seahorse indexes (OCR and ECAR) in Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC). Data suggests that aerobic glycolysis could be inhibited by Salvia miltiorrhiza and its components. The administration of DSS and DHI further reduced the level of HKII in lung cancer cell lines that had been inhibited with HK-II antagonists (2-deoxyglucose, 2-DG; 3-bromo-pyruvate, 3-BP) or knocked down with siRNA, thereby exerting an anti-lung cancer effect. Although DSS and DHI decreased the level of HKII in HKII-Knock-In lung cancer cell line, their anti-lung cancer efficacy remained limited due to the persistent overexpression of HKII in these cells. Reiterating the main points, we have discovered that the anti-lung cancer effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza may be attributed to its ability to regulate HKII expression levels, thereby inhibiting aerobic glycolysis. This study not only provides a new research paradigm for the treatment of cancer by Salvia miltiorrhiza, but also highlights the important link between glucose metabolism and the effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza.

Genome-based surveillance reveals cross-transmission of MRSA ST59 between humans and retail livestock products in Hanzhong, China.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been recognized in hospitals, community and livestock animals and the epidemiology of MRSA is undergoing a major evolution among humans and animals in the last decade. This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA isolates from ground pork, retail whole chicken, and patient samples in Hanzhong, China. The further characterization was performed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and in-depth genome-based analysis to identify the resistant determinants and their phylogenetic relationship. A total of 93 MRSA isolates were recovered from patients (n = 67) and retail livestock products (n = 26) in Hanzhong, China. 83.9% (78/93) MRSA isolates showed multiple drug resistant phenotype. Three dominant livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) sequence types were identified: ST59-t437 (n = 47), ST9-t899 (n = 10) and ST398 (n = 7). There was a wide variation among sequence types in the distribution of tetracycline-resistance, scn-negative livestock markers and virulence genes. A previous major human MRSA ST59 became the predominant interspecies MRSA sequence type among humans and retail livestock products. A few LA-MRSA isolates from patients and livestock products showed close genetic similarity. The spreading of MRSA ST59 among livestock products deserving special attention and active surveillance should be enacted for the further epidemic spread of MRSA ST59 in China. Data generated from this study will contribute to formulation of new strategies for combating spread of MRSA.

The novel HLA-C*03:652 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*03:652 differs from the HLA-C*03:04:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

The novel HLA-C*14:155 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*14:155 differs from HLA-C*14:02:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 1.

The novel HLA-DPA1*02:117 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-DPA1*02:117 differs from HLA-DPA1*02:02:02:01 by one nucleotide in exon 2.

Investigation of HLA susceptibility alleles and genotypes with hematological disease among Chinese Han population.

Several genes involved in the pathogenesis have been identified, with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system playing an essential role. However, the relationship between HLA and a cluster of hematological diseases has received little attention in China. Blood samples (n = 123913) from 43568 patients and 80345 individuals without known pathology were genotyped for HLA class I and II using sequencing-based typing. We discovered that HLA-A*11:01, B*40:01, C*01:02, DQB1*03:01, and DRB1*09:01 were prevalent in China. Furthermore, three high-frequency alleles (DQB1*03:01, DQB1*06:02, and DRB1*15:01) were found to be hazardous in malignant hematologic diseases when compared to controls. In addition, for benign hematologic disorders, 7 high-frequency risk alleles (A*01:01, B*46:01, C*01:02, DQB1*03:03, DQB1*05:02, DRB1*09:01, and DRB1*14:54) and 8 high-frequency susceptible genotypes (A*11:01-A*11:01, B*46:01-B*58:01, B*46:01-B*46:01, C*01:02-C*03:04, DQB1*03:01-DQB1*05:02, DQB1*03:03-DQB1*06:01, DRB1*09:01-DRB1*15:01, and DRB1*14:54-DRB1*15:01) were observed. To summarize, our findings indicate the association between HLA alleles/genotypes and a variety of hematological disorders, which is critical for disease surveillance.