[Chronic anal fissure: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment]. / Khronicheskaia anal'naia treshchina: étiopatogenez, diagnostika, lechenie.

Etiology, epidemiology and pathophysiology of anal fissure are examined in the article in order to determine the most optimal treatment strategy. The authors concluded that the most effective treatment is combined approach using both minimally invasive surgery and various medicines for anal spasm reduction.

[Analysis and working data of day hospital of district consultation-and-diagnostic out-patient hospital].

The article is devoted to organization and establishment, aims and capacity rates of day hospital of district consultion-and-diagnostic out-patient hospital. 7894 patients were treated in the day hospital during 2007-2011. Percent of patients treated in therapeutic department--65.3%, surgical department--16.7%, neurologic--18%. Length of hospital stay in average is 9.3 days. It is shorter than the length of hospital stay in specialized departments of the hospital. Average cost of stay in day hospital is 380 rubles. The price of stay in day hospital is significantly lower cheaper than in hospital. Except cost cut of treatment and rehabilitation, payments of temporary and permanent disability are diminished due to reduction of treatment terms in case of achievement of therapeutic effect. Also bed capacity of hospital gets free.

[Activation of phospholipase hydrolysis in the process of oxidative cell damage]. / Aktivatsiia fosfolipaznogo gidroliza v protsesse okislitel'nogo povrezhdeniia kletki.

Effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide toxic action on phospholipase A2 activity and the changes in phospholipid composition from mastocytoma P815 cells were investigated. Oxidative damage of tumor cell membranes was accompanied by the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and the accumulation of lysophosphatidylcholine, the product of phospholipase A2 reaction and a potent detergent. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide also increased relative contents of sphingomyelin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid in tumor cell membranes. It is possible that phospholipase A2 activation and the changes of phospholipid molecular species contents may cause the damage of cell membrane stability.