RESUMEN
AIM: To assess the role of allogenic bone marrow (ABM) transplantation in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 44 ABM transplantations were performed in 37 CML patients in the chronic phase and 7 patients in acceleration or blast crisis. RESULTS: A complete molecular remission was achieved in 26 (59%) patients: 67.6% after ABM transplantation in the chronic phase and only 14.3% after myelotransplantation in non-chronic phase. Follow-up was 8-150 months (median--59 months). Early lethality after ABM transplantation in the chronic phase was under 14%. A phase of the disease plays a key role in ABM transplantation. If it is made in a chronic phase, CML recurrence rate is low (in our series it was 14%), efficacy of donor's bone marrow lymphocyte transfusions is high. The second complete molecular remission was achieved in 3 of 4 cases of posttransplantation recurrences. Probability of maintenance of a complete remission after ABM transplantation in a chronic phase was 75%, recurrence-free survival--64%, uneventful survival 55% for 90 months. CONCLUSION: The experience of many years demonstrates high efficacy of ABM transplantation in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. It promotes long-term molecular remission the maintenance of which did not require therapy in 65% patients.