The Current Trend of Radiation Therapy for Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer.

A recent approach to radiotherapy for prostate cancer is the administration of high doses of radiation to the prostate while minimizing the risk of side effects. Thus, image-guided radiotherapy utilizes advanced imaging techniques and is a feasible strategy for increasing the radiation dose. New radioactive particles are another approach to achieving high doses and safe procedures. Prostate brachytherapy is currently considered as a combination therapy. Spacers are useful to protect adjacent organs, specifically the rectum, from excessive radiation exposure.

Ultra-sensitive detection of pyridine in water using zinc porphyrin incorporated in a transparent hydrophobic film.

In this study, we investigated the axial coordination reaction between pyridine and zinc meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPPS) incorporated in a transparent layered double hydroxide (LDH) film modified with 1-decanesulfonate (C10S) in an aqueous solution. The apparent equilibrium constant ([Formula: see text]) of the axial coordination reaction between pyridine and ZnTPPS incorporated in the transparent ZnTPPS/C10S/LDH film was approximately 260 times that of the corresponding reaction in an aqueous solution. The hydrophobisation of the LDH interlayer space by C10S, which led to the elimination of water molecules surrounding ZnTPPS and enabled the accumulation of pyridine molecules, was responsible for such a significant increase in the apparent [Formula: see text] value. The developed film can detect pyridine in aqueous solutions with ultra-high sensitivity in the order of 10-5 mol/L through changes in the colour tone, which is comparable to the molecular detection ability of insect antennae. The sensing response was also observed at pyridine concentrations as low as 10-9 mol/L.

[METASTATIC Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma Treated with Nivolumab Successfully : A Case Report].

A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a right-sided renal tumor identified by ultrasonography at the time of his medical check-up. Computed tomography revealed a well-circumscribed but distorted mass measuring 64×45×57 mm in the right kidney with para-aortic lymph node swelling. Laparoscopic right nephrectomy with para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) (pT3a) without lymph node metastasis (pN0). Postoperatively, metastases were identified in the lungs, and the vertebral and iliac bones. The patient was treated with axitinib. The lung nodule progressed and left sacrum metastases appeared even after treatment with axitinib. Therefore, nivolumab was administered as second-line treatment. The metastases in the lungs, as well as vertebral and iliac bone showed complete response to this therapy. MTSCC of the kidney is a rare low-grade renal cell carcinoma without any established systemic therapy for metastatic or unresectable lesions. We report a case of metastatic MTSCC in a patient who showed a favorable response to nivolumab treatment. This is the first report to describe successful treatment of metastatic MTSCC with anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody.

[Foramen magunum meningioma presented as subarachnoid haemorrhage].

A 59-year-old woman was admitted with to our hospital with a sudden severe headache that had lasted for 5 days. Neck stiffness was present, but no other neurological deficits were present. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and intra-tumor hemorrhage were not noted on a head computed tomography (HCT). The patient's cerebrospinal fluid was xanthochromic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a gadolinium-enhanced tumor with hemorrhagic changes around the foramen magnum. After conservative therapy, MRI showed a decrease in tumor size and a dural tail sign. This tumor was diagnosed as a hemorrhagic meningioma, and was resected with a posterior suboccipital approach. Histology confirmed that this tumor was a benign transitional meningioma with hemorrhagic change. This is a rare case involving benign meningioma onset by hemorrhagic change. Postoperative tumor recurrence was not present.

[Case of spontaneous cervical internal carotid artery dissection with embolic stroke after a job-change].

A 51 year old male was admitted to our hospital with sudden consciousness disturbance, global aphagia and right hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed fresh infarctions in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery, and MR angiography (MRA) showed occlusion of the left carotid artery and the left middle cerebral artery. We started conservative therapy, including antiplatelet drug and blood pressure control. Three days later, cervical MRA revealed hematoma in the intracranial carotid wall of the petrous portion, leading to a diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial carotid artery dissection of the petrous portion. Two weeks after admission, MRA and angiography showed recanalization and pearl and string sign in the left petrous internal carotid artery. After that, the patient's neurological deficit improved, and the dissection also improved. Four months later, MR-angiography revealed an almost normalized condition.