RESUMEN
Mango is a widely favored fruit that offers high nutritional value. Mango has been studied to examine its influence on postprandial glucose, but few studies have used fresh mango compared to dried mango to measure blood glucose and satiety after consumption. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of fresh versus dried mango consumption on satiety and postprandial glucose. A crossover design was implemented where 34 healthy adults (29 females and 5 males; 25.0 ± 6.0 years; BMI 23.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2) consumed either 100 kcal of fresh mango, dried mango, or white bread on three separate occasions. Following consumption, satiety was assessed every 15 min for 90 min and blood glucose was assessed every 30 min for 90 min. Consumption of fresh mango results showed a significant increase in satiety (tendency of greater fullness (P = 0.073) and less desire to eat (P < 0.05)) in participants. Fresh mango exhibited a more efficient decrease in postprandial glucose levels (P < 0.05) compared to dried mango or white bread, and fresh mango promoted a greater stability in blood glucose. Dried mango consumption also significantly lowered postprandial glucose compared to white bread (P < 0.05). These results suggest that fresh mango consumption may be beneficial in improving satiety responses and postprandial glucose control when compared to its dried alternative or white bread. The results of the study may help guide individuals who are overweight or obese and/or have type 2 diabetes by altering their food choices that ultimately could improve their health. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03956602.
RESUMEN
Some individual fruits have been widely researched for their effects on overall health and correlations with chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of mango supplementation on metabolic diseases have been detected. However, research into mango consumption on gut health, including the microbiome, is limited to processed mango preparations or peels. Our goal was to examine the effects of fresh mango consumption on the gut microbiome, gut permeability proteins, and bowel movement habits in overweight/obese individuals. In a 12-week crossover design study, 27 participants consumed 100 kcal/day of either mangos or low-fat cookies with a washout period of 4 weeks. The mango intervention showed higher Shannon-Wiener and Simpson alpha diversity indices of the microbiome than the low-fat cookie intervention in week 4. Significant differences in beta diversity of the microbiome were found between diet interventions at week 12. Mango consumption increased the abundance of Prevotella maculosa, Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens, and Mogibacterium timidum while it decreased Prevotella copri. Low-fat cookie intake increased Cyanobacterium aponinum and Desulfovibrio butyratiphilus and reduced Alloscardovia omnicolens. There were no significant differences in circulating gut permeability protein (ZO-1, claudin-2, and occludin) levels. There was a slight increase in the amount of bowel movement with mango consumption, but no significant findings for frequency, consistency, strain, pain, and constipation in bowel movement between trials. Given these results, it can be concluded that consumption of mango may have positive effects on the gut health, which may yield possible health benefits for chronic disease that deserve further study.
RESUMEN
Data obtained, using a polygraphic technique, on the characteristics of the motor and genital copulatory responses of male rabbits, rats, mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs are reviewed. This methodology provided detailed information, not accessible to other analyses, on the frequency and dynamic organization of copulatory pelvic thrusting trains of the species studied. This comparative analysis showed that: (1) The male rat may display two types of ejaculatory responses, differing in the dynamic organization of the pelvic thrusting train, and in the duration of the intravaginal thrusting period preceding ejaculation. (2) In the guinea pigs and small rodents, but not in rabbits, pelvic thrusting at ejaculatory responses persists during intromission, and a period of fast intravaginal thrusting is associated with ejaculation. (3) The motor copulatory pattern of the rabbit, but not of the rat, hamster, or guinea pig, is affected by castration and hormone treatment, suggesting that, in rabbits, androgen acts both on motivation and on the spinal neural systems related to copulation.