Exploring the fluorescence properties of tellurium-containing molecules and their advanced applications.

This review article explores the fascinating realm of fluorescence using organochalcogen molecules, with a particular emphasis on tellurium (Te). The discussion encompasses the underlying mechanisms, structural motifs influencing fluorescence, and the applications of these intriguing phenomena. This review not only elucidates the current state of knowledge but also identifies avenues for future research, thereby serving as a valuable resource for researchers and enthusiasts in the field of fluorescence chemistry with a focus on Te-based molecules. By highlighting challenges and prospects, this review sparks a conversation on the transformative potential of Te-containing compounds across different fields, ranging from environmental solutions to healthcare and materials science applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the distinct fluorescence behaviors exhibited by Te-containing compounds, contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of chalcogen-based fluorescence research.

An emerging expanse: Novel and eco-friendly-biogenic synthesis of E. cardamomum-wrapped TiO2 nanoparticles for environmental and biological applications.

The present research is targeted at E. cardamomum-derived TiO2-photocatalyst synthesis, reporting for the first time. The structural properties observed from the XRD pattern reveal that EC:TiO2 has an anatase phase and crystallite size is assessed by Debye-Scherrer's method (3.56 nm), WH-method (3.30 nm), and Modified-Debye-Scherrer's method (3.27 nm). An optical study by the UV-Vis spectrum shows strong absorption at 313 nm, and the corresponding band gap value is 3.28 eV. The topographical and morphological properties revealed by SEM and HRTEM images, elucidate the formation of multi-shaped particles of nano-size. Further, the phytochemicals on the EC:TiO2 NPs' surface are confirmed by the FTIR spectrum. The photocatalytic activity is well studied under UV light towards Congo Red dye, along with an effect of the dose of catalyst. EC:TiO2 (20 mg) has exhibited high photocatalytic efficiency up to 97% for 150 min of exposure due to the morphological, structural, and optical properties. CR degradation reaction exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics, displaying a rate constant value of 0.01320 min-1. Reusability investigations reveal that after four photocatalysis cycles, EC:TiO2 has an effective efficiency of >85%. Additionally, EC:TiO2 NPs have been assessed for antibacterial activity and show potential against two bacterial species (S. aureus and P. aeruginosa). Therefore, these research outcomes from the eco-friendly and low-cost synthesis, are promising for the use of EC:TiO2 as a talented photocatalyst towards the removal of crystal violet dye as well as an antibacterial agent against bacterial pathogens.

Highly customized porous TiO2-PANI nanoparticles with excellent photocatalytic efficiency for dye degradation.

The present work encompasses a simple strategy to synthesize highly porous TiO2 by incorporating PANI polymer into the sol-gel chemistry of Titanium dioxide/Titanium (IV)-iso-propoxide (TiO2/TTIP). A series of TiO2 samples by varying wt.% of PANI, have been synthesized. A probable growth mechanism has been presented for the formation of a porous ginger-like nanostructure of TiO2-PANI (TP). HRTEM images reveal that the particle size range is 6-16 nm for pristine TiO2 and 5-13 nm for TP samples. XPS analysis confirms the presence of the hydrogen bonds in-between surface hydroxyl groups (Ti-OH) of TiO2 and the protonated nitrogen of PANI. UV-visible absorption study reveals a small shift towards longer wavelength for TP8 sample than that of pristine TiO2 (λmax = 314 nm) as well as reduction in Eg value from 3.02 eV to 2.89 eV. FTIR results confirm the successful interaction of PANI and TiO2. BJH and BET analysis confirms an increase of porosity in TP8 sample with an average pore volume of 0.36 cm3 g-1. High photocatalytic activity (98.77%) towards Methylene blue dye degradation is observed for TP8 sample having 8 wt% of PANI and it is explained through the combined effect of structural porosity of TiO2 and synergic effect of PANI. The Kappa value at pH 11 (0.01372 min-1) is found to be 7.84-folds higher than that of the photocatalytic reaction at pH 3 (Kappa = 0.00175 min-1). While pristine TiO2 exhibits the minimum removal efficiency (89.57%) with Kappa of 0.00756 min-1. Kappa value of catalysis reaction for TP8 is found to be almost 2-fold higher than pristine TiO2. Quantum Yield value for TP8 is found to be 3.59 × 10-4 molecules photon-1. This high Quantum Yield value of present photocatalytic system explicates the low energy consumption for the treatment of textile dye pollutant. Additionally, STY value (1.79 × 10-5 molecules photon-1 mg-1) confirms the outstanding mineralization strength of TP8 by a unit mass for high amounts of MB dye per unit time. Thus, the present study offers an excellent photocatalyst i.e., TP8 having 8 wt% of PANI for the degradation of MB dye.

Selective N-Alkylation of Amines with DMC over Biogenic Cu-Zr Bimetallic Nanoparticles.

Herein, we report the green synthesis of copper-zirconium bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu-Zr BNPs) from aqueous solutions using Azadirachta indica leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The CuO, ZrO2 NP, and Cu-Zr BNP samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the morphologies of the samples were analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) with selected area electron diffraction analysis (SAED). The synthesized Cu-Zr BNPs have been employed as efficient catalysts for the selective N-methylation of aromatic and aliphatic amines with dimethyl carbonate. The effect of process conditions on the percentage conversion of benzylamine with dimethyl carbonate as a model reaction has been investigated. The Cu-Zr bimetallic nanoparticle catalytic system in a 1:2 molar ratio was able to convert amines into the corresponding N-methylated amines with a selectivity up to 91% at 180 °C in 4 h. The analysis of catalytic reusability confirmed that the reported heterogeneous catalyst can be used for five consecutive cycles without much loss in activity. Thus, the current protocol can be considered as a simpler, reproducible, and environmentally benign approach for N-methylation of amines.

Synthesis and evaluation of hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-diones as anti-stress agents.

A series of 2,3-diphenyl-5-(naphthalen-1-yl)-4H-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-dione derivatives were synthesized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine N-oxides with N-(α-naphthyl)maleimide. The pyrrolo-isoxazole derivatives were assigned cis- and trans- configurations (3-A and 3-B) with respect to proton C(3)-H on azomethinic carbon on the basis of their (1)H NMR. The reaction proceeds through cis- endo addition rule indicating the predominance of cis isomer. The cis- and trans- isomers of a prototype compound 3ai.e., compound 3a-A and compound 3a-B were evaluated for anti-stress activity in immobilization-induced acute stress. Compound 3a-A (5 and 10 mg/kg) and compound 3a-B (10 mg/kg) attenuated immobilization stress-induced behavioral alterations in Swiss albino mice suggesting that pyrrolo-isoxazole may serve as lead molecule for the development of anti-stress agents.