[Personal Factors of the Bio-Psycho-Social Model (WHO): A Revised Classification by the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention (DGSMP)]. / Personbezogene Faktoren im bio-psycho-sozialen Modell der WHO: Systematik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP).

BACKGROUND: In 2010, the ICF working group of Faculty II "Applied Social Medicine and Rehabilitation" of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention, DGSMP proposed a classification of personal factors (PF) for the German-speaking area. Meanwhile, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and WHO's bio-psycho-social model were increasingly integrated into the German Social Code (Book IX for Rehabilitation and Participation). It was a legislative decision that the needs assessment for the rehabilitation process must be "comprehensive". AIM: This publication aims to present an updated classification of PF to support the socio-medical assessment. For this purpose other published papers proposing a classification of PF were analyzed, especially the publication of Geyh et al. METHODS: The multiprofessional working group re-examined the basic structure, consistency and selection of factors of the 2010 classification using a qualitative approach and modified them if meaningful and necessary. The principles for the selection of factors were the same as in the 2010 publication (comprehensive, manageable, universal, impartial, relevant, unambiguous, focusing on finality, not regarding causality and non-discriminatory). RESULTS: A fundamental revision was not necessary; the basic structure remained primarily unchanged. Some items were included, excluded, summarized, shifted and editorially or content-related altered. Legal expertise shows that the classification of PF and their individual use for the socio-medical assessment, if necessary for the individual rehabilitation allocation, incur no problems with regard to data-protection regulations. PERSPECTIVES: The revised classification is ready to support users to describe and document relevant influences of the life background of individuals in a structured manner. Thus, influences on functioning and participation can be described comprehensively and transparently based on the bio-psycho-social model. A justiciable allocation of benefits for persons with disabilities is facilitated.

[Social Security Needs Social Medicine: Self-image of Physicians Practicing Social Medicine in Statutory Health Insurances and Social Security Systems]. / Soziale Sicherheit braucht Sozialmedizin Selbstverständnis von Ärztinnen und Ärzten in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung und Beratung.

OBJECTIVE: In January, 2014, the division "Social Medicine in Practice and Rehabilitation" of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention established a working group on the self-image of the physicians active in the field of social medicine (medical expertise and counseling). METHODS: The result of this work is the contribution presented here after consensus was achieved by specialists of social medicine from different fields and institutions (social security etc.) and in good cooperation with Prof. Dr. Gostomzyk and Prof. Dr. Robra. RESULTS: Based on the importance of an up to date social medicine for claimants and recipients of benefits on the one hand and the social security system on the other, and also on a description of the subjects, objectives and methods the following aspects are presented: · The perspective of social medicine. · Qualification in social medicine, concerning specialist training and continuing medical education. · The fields of duty of experts in social medicine. · The proceedings in social medicine. The working group identified challenges for the specialists in social medicine by a narrowed perception of social medicine by physicians in hospitals and practice, accompanied by an enlarged importance of expertise in social medicine, by the demand for more "patient orientation" and gain of transparency, and concerning the scientific foundation of social medicine. CONCLUSIONS: The working group postulates: · The perspective of social medicine should be spread more widely.. · Confidence in experts of social medicine and their independency should be strengthened.. · The not case-related consulting of the staff and executives should be expanded.. · Social medicine in practice needs support by politics and society, and especially by research and teaching.. · Good cooperation and transfer of experiences of the different branches of social security are essential for the impact of social medicine..

[Relevance of personal contextual factors of the ICF for use in practical social medicine and rehabilitation]. / Bedeutung der personbezogenen Faktoren der ICF für die Nutzung in der praktischen Sozialmedizin und Rehabilitation.

Personal contextual factors play an essential part in the model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The WHO has not yet classified personal factors for global use although they impact on the functioning of persons positively or negatively. In 2010, the ICF working group of the German Society of Social Medicine and Prevention (DGSMP) presented a proposal for the classification of personal factors into 72 categories previously arranged in 6 chapters. Now a positioning paper has been added in order to stimulate a discussion about the fourth component of the ICF, to contribute towards a broader and common understanding about the nature of personal factors and to incite a dialogue among all those involved in health care as well as those people with or with-out health problems in order to gain a comprehensive perspective about a person's condition.

3 Alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the ovary of young Mongolian gerbils.

The ovaries of sexually mature, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) stimulated, 12 week old Mongolian gerbils were investigated morphologically and enzyme histochemically for the appearance of the 3 alpha-hydroxy-steroid and the 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase during the estrous cycle. Up to ovulation, on day 3 of the estrous cycle, the number of vesicular follicles increases continuously. Primarily atretic follicles can be seen on day 4. On day 5 corpora lutea appear, but they degenerate already by day 6. During the entire estrous cycle, 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity can be found in the theca of tertiary follicles and in the interstitial cells, whereas the theca of secondary follicles and the granulosa of healthy follicles do not exhibit any enzyme activity. The activity decreases from day 1 till day 6. The granulosa of atretic follicles and the cells of corpora lutea show only weak activity. It may be significant that the intensity of enzyme activity in the ovary and the estrogen level in the plasma are differently correlated to the estrous cycle.