Inhibitory effects of low-level laser therapy on skin-flap survival in a rat model.

BACKGROUND: Although several studies have demonstrated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on skin flap viability, the role of higher doses has been poorly investigated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of the LLLT (λ=670 nm) on the viability of random skin flaps in a rat model using an irradiation energy of 2.79 J at each point. METHODS: Sixteen Wistar rats were randomly assigned into two groups: sham laser irradiation (n=8); and active laser irradiation (n=8). Animals in the active laser irradiation group were irradiated with a 670 nm diode laser with an energy of 2.79 J/point, a power output 30 mW, a beam area of 0.028 cm(2), an energy density of 100 J/cm(2), an irradiance of 1.07 W/cm(2) for 93 s/point. Irradiation was performed in 12 points in the cranial skin flap portion. The total energy irradiated on the tissue was 33.48 J. The necrotic area was evaluated on postoperative day 7. RESULTS: The sham laser irradiation group presented a mean (± SD) necrotic area of 47.96±3.81%, whereas the active laser irradiation group presented 62.24±7.28%. There was a significant difference in skin-flap necrosis areas between groups (P=0.0002). CONCLUSION: LLLT (λ=670 nm) increased the necrotic area of random skin flaps in rats when irradiated with an energy of 2.79 J (100 J/cm(2)).

HISTORIQUE: Plusieurs études ont démontré les effets de la thérapie laser de faible intensité (TLFI) sur la viabilité des lambeaux cutanés, mais le rôle de plus fortes doses a été peu évalué. OBJECTIF: Examiner l'effet inhibiteur de la TLFI (λ=670 nm) sur la viabilité de lambeaux cutanés aléatoires d'un modèle murin au moyen d'une énergie d'irradiation de 2,79 J à chaque point. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les chercheurs ont réparti 16 rats Wistar en deux groupes aléatoires : irradiation laser factice (n=8) et irradiation laser active (n=8). Les animaux du groupe d'irradiation laser active ont été irradiés à l'aide d'une diode laser de 670 nm à une énergie de 2,79 J/point, une puissance de 30 mW, un faisceau de 0,028 cm2, une densité énergétique de 100 J/cm2 et une radiation de 1,07 W/cm2 pendant 93 s/point. Douze points ont été irradiés sur la portion du lambeau cutané crânien. L'énergie totale irradiée sur les tissus s'élevait à 33,48 J. Les chercheurs ont évalué la zone nécrosée le septième jour après l'opération. RÉSULTATS: Le groupe d'irradiation laser factice présentait une zone nécrosée moyenne de (± ÉT) 47,96±3,81 %, tandis que le groupe d'irradiation laser active présentait une zone de 62,24±7,28 %. On constatait une différence importante entre les zones nécrosées des lambeaux cutanés des deux groupes (P=0,0002). CONCLUSION: La TLFI (λ=670 nm) accroissait la zone nécrosée des lambeaux cutanés murins aléatoires lorsqu'ils étaient irradiés par une énergie de 2,79 J (100 J/cm2).

Treatment time of ultrasound therapy interferes with the organization of collagen fibers in rat tendons.

BACKGROUND: The application time of therapeutic ultrasound is an infrequently studied dosimetric variable that affects tissue repair. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different treatment times of therapeutic ultrasound (US) on the organization of collagen fibers in the tendons of rats. METHOD: Forty Wistar rats were selected (300±45 g), and the rats were divided into five groups (n=8 for each group): Control, without tenotomy or any treatment; tenotomy group, with tenotomy and without treatment; US groups (US1, US2, and US3), subjected to tenotomy and treated with US for one, two, or three minutes per area of the transducer, respectively. The animals were sacrificed on the 12th post-operative day, and the tendons were surgically removed for analyses of the collagen fiber organization by means of birefringence analysis. RESULTS: The collagen fibers exhibited better aggregation and organization in the US3 group compared with the tenotomy group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that US applied for three minutes per treated area improves the organization of collagen fibers during rat tendon repair.

Treatment time of ultrasound therapy interferes with the organization of collagen fibers in rat tendons

BACKGROUND: The application time of therapeutic ultrasound is an infrequently studied dosimetric variable that affects tissue repair. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different treatment times of therapeutic ultrasound (US) on the organization of collagen fibers in the tendons of rats. METHOD: Forty Wistar rats were selected (300±45 g), and the rats were divided into five groups (n=8 for each group): Control, without tenotomy or any treatment; tenotomy group, with tenotomy and without treatment; US groups (US1, US2, and US3), subjected to tenotomy and treated with US for one, two, or three minutes per area of the transducer, respectively. The animals were sacrificed on the 12th post-operative day, and the tendons were surgically removed for analyses of the collagen fiber organization by means of birefringence analysis. RESULTS: The collagen fibers exhibited better aggregation and organization in the US3 group compared with the tenotomy group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that US applied for three minutes per treated area improves the organization of collagen fibers during rat tendon repair. .

Cetoprofeno por iontoforese em indivíduos com osteoartrose de joelho / Ketoprofen iontophoresis in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

Objetivo - Investigar o efeito da administração tópica de cetoprofeno por iontoforese em indivíduos com osteoartrose de joelho, tendo como critérios de avaliação a dor e a funcionalidade da articulação tratada. Métodos - Participaram do estudo 26 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade superior a 50 anos. O tratamento consistiu na aplicação tópica de cetoprofeno por iontoforese na região ântero-lateral do joelho, totalizando 10 sessões. O quadro doloroso foi avaliado por meio da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e a funcionalidade por meio da Escala de Lysholm antes e após o período de tratamento. Resultados - Todos os sujeitos relataram redução no quadro álgico e, a funcionalidade de joelho obteve inicialmente escore médio de 37 e após o período de tratamento este evoluiu para 73,2 pontos. Conclusão - A aplicação tópica de cetoprofeno por iontoforese diminuiu a dor e aumentou a funcionalidade de indivíduos com osteoartrose de joelho.

Objective - To investigate the effect of topical administration of ketoprofen by iontophoresis in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee, having as assessment methods the pain and functionality of the treated joint. Methods - The study included 26 subjects of both sexes, aged over 50 years. The treatment consisted of topical application of ketoprofen by iontophoresis on the anterolateral knee area, totaling 10 sessions. The painful area was analyzed with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and functionality through the Lysholm scale before and after the treatment period. Results - All subjects reported a reduction in painful episodes, and the functionality of the knee initially obtained a mean score of 37 and after the treatment period this progressed to 73.2 points. Conclusion - The topical ketoprofen iontophoresis was effective in reducing pain and increasing function in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.