Outcomes and factors associated with tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy with gastrointestinal manifestations.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate outcomes of oral food challenge (OFC) test to assess tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) with gastrointestinal manifestations and explore clinical data predictive of these outcomes. METHODS: Single-center retrospective study including infants (age < 12 months) who were referred for CMA between 2000 and 2018 and underwent OFC on follow-up. A univariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate variables associated with the outcomes of the follow-up OFC test. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients were included, 50% were male. Eighteen patients had a positive OFC test (22%). Most patients had presented with hematochezia (77%). The median age of symptom onset was 30 days. Two-thirds of the patients were on appropriate infant formula (extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula), exclusively or in association with breastfeeding. The median time on an elimination diet before the OFC test was 8 months (Q1 6 - Q3 11 months). All cases with positive follow-up OFC tests (n = 18) had been exposed to cow's milk-based formula before the first clinical manifestation of CMA. Five out of eight cases with Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) had positive OFC tests. Exposure to cow's milk-based formula before diagnosis, a history of other food allergies, hematochezia and diarrhea were predictors of a positive OFC test. CONCLUSIONS: In infants with non-IgE-mediated CMPA with gastrointestinal manifestations, the use of cow's milk-based formula, a history of other food allergies, and hematochezia and diarrhea upon initial presentation were associated factors for the later achievement of tolerance.

Outcomes and factors associated with tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy with gastrointestinal manifestations

Abstract Objectives To evaluate outcomes of oral food challenge (OFC) test to assess tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) with gastrointestinal manifestations and explore clinical data predictive of these outcomes. Methods Single-center retrospective study including infants (age < 12 months) who were referred for CMA between 2000 and 2018 and underwent OFC on follow-up. A univariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate variables associated with the outcomes of the follow-up OFC test. Results Eighty-two patients were included, 50% were male. Eighteen patients had a positive OFC test (22%). Most patients had presented with hematochezia (77%). The median age of symptom onset was 30 days. Two-thirds of the patients were on appropriate infant formula (extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula), exclusively or in association with breastfeeding. The median time on an elimination diet before the OFC test was 8 months (Q1 6 - Q3 11 months). All cases with positive follow-up OFC tests (n= 18) had been exposed to cow's milk-based formula before the first clinical manifestation of CMA. Five out of eight cases with Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) had positive OFC tests. Exposure to cow's milk-based formula before diagnosis, a history of other food allergies, hematochezia and diarrhea were predictors of a positive OFC test. Conclusions In infants with non-IgE-mediated CMPA with gastrointestinal manifestations, the use of cow's milk-based formula, a history of other food allergies, and hematochezia and diarrhea upon initial presentation were associated factors for the later achievement of tolerance.

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase através de exame de contato no município de Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ / Epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with leprosy by contact exam in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Realizou-se esse estudo para obter informações pontuais visando estabelecer e valorizar medidas de controle da cadeia epidemiológica da doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência de pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase por exame de contato assim como o seu perfil epidemiológico. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal composto por 82 pacientes diagnosticados por exame de contato entre 2006 e 2010, a partir da análise das fichas de notificação do SINAN (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) disponíveis no Programa Municipal de Controle da Hanseníase. Foi determinada a prevalência deste modo de detecção em relação ao número total de casos e as variáveis analisadas foram: sexo, idade, formas clínicas e classificação operacional. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se prevalência de 16% de pacientes detectados por exame de contato do total de 564 casos notificados. Observou-se que 51% eram do sexo feminino. A faixa etária mais acometida englobou crianças até 15 anos, correspondendo a 25% (21 casos). A classificação operacional paucibacilar foi a mais prevalente com 75% do total, sendo a forma tuberculoide presente em 50% dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se a importância do exame de contato para interromper a cadeia epidemiológica da doença, diagnosticando precocemente sinais e sintomas e instituindo o tratamento adequado, para que possam evitar as formas graves da doença, incluindo suas incapacidades.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We conducted this study to obtain specific information to establish and enhance measures to control disease epidemiological chair. The objective of this study were investigated the prevalence of patients diagnosed with leprosy by examination of contact as well as the epidemiological profile of them. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study comprising 82 patients diagnosed by examination of contact between 2006 and 2010, from the analysis of reporting forms SINAN (Information System for Notifiable Diseases) available in the Municipal Program for the Control of Leprosy. We determined the prevalence of this mode of detection in the total number of cases and the variables analyzed were gender, age, clinical forms and clinical classification. RESULTS: We found prevalence of 16% of patients detected by contact exam of the total 564 cases reported. It was observed that 51% were female. The most affected age group comprised children less than 15 years, corresponding to 25% (21 cases). The operational classification paucibacillary was most prevalent with 75% of the total, with the tuberculoid form present in 50% of cases. CONCLUSION: It may be noted the importance of this contact to stop the epidemiology of the disease, diagnosing early signsand symptoms and instituting proper treatment so they can prevent serious disease, including their disabilities the total number of cases and the variables analyzed were gender, age, clinical forms and clinical classification.