Characterization of multidrug-resistant diabetic foot ulcer enterococci / Caracterización de enterococos multirresistentes aislados de infecciones del pie diabético

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic progressive disease with complications that include diabetic-foot ulcers. METHODS: Enterococci isolated from diabetic-foot infections were identified, evaluated by macro-restriction analysis, and screened for virulence traits and antimicrobial resistance. RESULTS: All isolates were considered multidrug-resistant, cytolysin and gelatinase producers, and the majority also demonstrated the ability to produce biofilms. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate the importance of enterococci in diabetic-foot infection development and persistence, especially regarding their biofilm-forming ability and resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics

INTRODUCCIÓN: La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad crónica progresiva de alta prevalencia cuyas complicaciones incluyen úlceras del pie. Procedimiento: Se han identificado enterococos aislados de infecciones del pie diabético, evaluados mediante análisis de macrorrestricción y búsqueda de marcadores de virulencia y de resistencia antimicrobiana. RESULTADOS: Todos los aislados analizados fueron considerados multirresistentes, productores de citolisina y gelatinasa, y la mayoría fueron capaces de formar biofilms. CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados permiten conjeturar sobre la importancia de los enterococos en el desarrollo y la persistencia de la infección del pie diabético, fundamentalmente debido a la capacidad de formación de biofilm y de resistencia a antibióticos de relevancia clínica

Characterization of multidrug-resistant diabetic foot ulcer enterococci.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic progressive disease with complications that include diabetic-foot ulcers. METHODS: Enterococci isolated from diabetic-foot infections were identified, evaluated by macro-restriction analysis, and screened for virulence traits and antimicrobial resistance. RESULTS: All isolates were considered multidrug-resistant, cytolysin and gelatinase producers, and the majority also demonstrated the ability to produce biofilms. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate the importance of enterococci in diabetic-foot infection development and persistence, especially regarding their biofilm-forming ability and resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics.

Infection of human keratinocytes by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae isolated from milk of the bovine udder.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (SDSD) are considered exclusive animal pathogens; however, a putative zoonotic upper limb cellulitis, a prosthetic joint infection and an infective endocarditis were described in humans. To unravel if bovine SDSD isolates are able to infect human cells, the adherence and internalization to human primary keratinocytes of two bovine SDSD strains isolated from milk collected from udder were analyzed. Bacterial adhesion assays and confocal microscopy indicate a high adherence and internalization of SDSD isolates to human cells, suggesting for the first time the ability of bovine isolates to infect human cells.

First report of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from caseous lymphadenitis lesions in Black Alentejano pig (Sus scrofa domesticus).

BACKGROUND: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiologic agent of caseous lymphadenitis, a common disease in small ruminant populations throughout the world and responsible for a significant economic impact for producers. CASE PRESENTATION: To our knowledge, this is the first characterization of C. pseudotuberculosis from caseous lymphadenitis lesions in Black Alentejano pig (Sus scrofa domesticus). In this study, phenotypic and genotypic identification methods allocated the swine isolates in C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis. The vast majority of the isolates were able to produce phospholipase D and were susceptible to most of the antimicrobial compounds tested. Macrorestriction patterns obtained by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) grouped the C. pseudotuberculosis in two clusters with a high similarity index, which reveals their clonal relatedness. Furthermore, swine isolates were compared with C. pseudotuberculosis from caprines and PFGE patterns also showed high similarity, suggesting the prevalence of dominant clones and a potential cross-dissemination between these two animal hosts. CONCLUSIONS: This work represents the first report of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from caseous lymphadenitis lesions in Black Alentejano pig and alerts for the importance of the establishment of suitable control and sanitary management practices to control the infection and avoid further dissemination of this important pathogen to other animal hosts.