Evaluation of genetic variants associated with the risk of thiopurine-related pancreatitis: a case control study from ENEIDA registry.

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for developing pancreatitis due to thiopurines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not clearly identified. AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the predictive pharmacogenetic risk of pancreatitis in IBD patients treated with thiopurines. METHODS: We conducted an observational pharmacogenetic study of acute pancreatitis events in a cohort study of IBD patients treated with thiopurines from the prospectively maintained ENEIDA registry biobank of GETECCU. Samples were obtained and the CASR, CEL, CFTR, CDLN2, CTRC, SPINK1, CPA1, and PRSS1 genes, selected based on their known association with pancreatitis, were fully sequenced. RESULTS: Ninety-five cases and 105 controls were enrolled, 57% were women. Median age at pancreatitis diagnosis was 39 years. We identified 81 benign variants (50 in cases and 67 in controls) and a total of 35 distinct rare pathogenic and unknown significance variants (10 in CEL, 21 in CFTR, 1 in CDLN2, and 3 in CPA1). None of the cases or controls carried pancreatitis-predisposing variants within the CASR, CPA1, PRSS1, and SPINK1 genes, nor a pathogenic CFTR mutation. Four different variants of unknown significance were detected in the CDLN and CPA1 genes; one of them was in the CDLN gene in a single patient with pancreatitis, and 3 in the CPA1 gene in 5 controls. After the analysis of the variants detected, no significant differences were observed between cases and controls. CONCLUSION: In patients with IBD, genes known to cause pancreatitis seem not to be involved in thiopurine-related pancreatitis onset.

Are imaging exams relevant in aiding the diagnosis of focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect: A systematic review.

Background: Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect (FOBMD) is a rare and poorly documented pathology corresponding to an unusual hematopoietic tissue in maxillary bones. Several studies have investigated FOBMD but reported different and heterogenous approaches to a correct diagnosis. Therefore, this systematic review evaluated the relevance of imaging exams in aiding FOBMD diagnosis and the implications in surgical planning for dental implants.The research question was: What is the relevance of imaging tests in aiding FOBMD diagnosis? Methods: Online databases were searched to select articles based on eligibility criteria. The studies included in the systematic review were submitted to bias and applicability assessments using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for study quality assessment. Results: A total of 383 articles were obtained from all the databases, 27 studies were included, and all performed biopsies to confirm the diagnosis. The selected studies evaluated 698 patients, including approximately 80% of women, corroborating the literature that notes a higher prevalence of this lesion in women. The reviewed articles showed a low risk of bias for case series, moderate for case reports, and low for cross-sectional studies. Conclusion: The studies considered in this systematic review have shown that radiographic characteristics may sufficiently identify the lesion and provide a periodic radiographic follow-up. However, it is worth noting the need for CBCT for planning oral rehabilitation through implants to minimize the risks of such complications.

Expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of FOXG1- and ZBTB18-associated neurodevelopmental disorders.

Introduction The zinc finger BTB domain-containing protein ZBTB18 binds to FOXG1 to form a transcriptional repressive complex involved in neuronal differentiation. Disruption of the components of this complex results in chromosome 1q43-q44 deletion syndrome/intellectual developmental disorder 22 or in FOXG1 syndrome. Case presentation This study reports on five patients with cognitive and behavioral impairment, seizures, microcephaly, and/or congenital brain abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing identified deleterious ZBTB18 variants in three patients and deleterious FOXG1 variants in the remaining patients. We have detected a missense variant within the BTB domain of ZBTB18 in two affected monozygotic twins. In addition, we observed agenesis of the septum pellucidum in a missense FOXG1 carrier with a severe FOXG1 syndrome. Conclusion Although the ZBTB18 zinc finger domains harbor the majority of known deleterious variants, we report a novel de novo rare missense variant within the BTB domain. The agenesis of the septum pellucidum observed in a missense FOXG1 carrier could be considered as a novel clinical feature associated with FOXG1 syndrome. The severe FOXG1 syndrome in this patient contrasts with the milder phenotype expected for a missense. Genetic or environmental factors may explain this phenotypic variability in FOXG1 syndrome.

Acute Hepatitis E-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system that causes progressive weakness and sensory disturbances, usually following an infection or immunization. It has been associated with multiple causes, including bacterial and viral infections. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis that can rarely develop neurological complications. We report a case of a 72-year-old man who developed GBS secondary to an acute HEV infection. He presented with numbness and weakness of the lower limbs that rapidly evolved into respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIg). This case adds to the literature on the association between HEV infection and GBS and the importance of early detection of this rapidly progressive condition.

Mangrove interaction with saltmarsh varies at different life stages.

Mangroves and saltmarshes are two of the most relevant coastal habitats for humans. These ecosystems offer several services like coastal protection, climate mitigation, and nursery habitats for many artisanal and commercially exploited fish, crabs, and shellfish. They mostly dominate different latitudinal ranges but in several places around the world they co-occur and interact. Here, we summarize the current scientific knowledge on mangrove-saltmarsh ecological interactions and propose a conceptual model. We screened 1410 articles from 1945 to 2022 and selected 29 experiments that assessed mangrove-saltmarsh ecological interactions. Both positive and negative interactions are observed but there is variation along different mangrove life stages. Higher retention and establishment of mangrove propagules are found inside saltmarshes than on bare flats, i.e. facilitation, and these effects are higher at grass than at succulent saltmarsh species. Mangrove seedlings, saplings, or trees mostly compete with saltmarshes, negatively affecting mangrove growth. We propose a model with different outcomes considering the interaction between different mangrove's life stages and saltmarsh forms and discussed these interactions in the light of anthropogenic threats and climate change.

Deletion of the CYP2D6 gene as a likely explanation for the serious side effects of the antipsychotic drug pimozide: a case report.

CYP2D6 analysis prior to the prescription of pimozide is required above a certain dose by the Food and Drug Administration in order to detect individuals with the poor metabolizer status. This precautionary measure aims to prevent the occurrence of serious adverse drug reactions. This study presents a case of a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The patient suffered re-admission in the psychiatry ward because of severe secondary symptoms due to the antipsychotic drug pimozide, previously prescribed on a first admission. In order to assess the patient's medication profile, real-time PCR was performed to analyze the main genes responsible for its metabolization, namely, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. The pharmacogenetic study revealed that the patient is a poor metabolizer for CYP2D6, presenting deletion of both copies of the gene (diplotype *5/*5). Fortunately, the symptomatology disappeared after the withdrawal of the responsible drug. In conclusion, abiding by the pharmacogenetic clinical practice guidelines and the pharmacogenetic analysis of CYP2D6 when prescribing pimozide would have probably saved the patient from the consequences of severe side effects and the health system expenditure. There is an important need for more training in the pharmacogenetic field for specialists in psychiatry.

Análise de casos e óbitos por covid-19 emprofissionais da enfermagem amazonense / Analysis of cases and deaths from covid-19 in nursing professionals from amazonas / Análisis de casos y muertes por covid-19 en profesionales de enfermería de amazonas

Objetivo: Analisar os casos confirmados e óbitos pela doença de coronavírus 2019 em profissionais de enfermagem do estado do Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, que se valeu dos dados obtidos no Observatório da Enfermagem do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem, analisando-se os números de casos e óbitos no período de abril de 2020 a abril de 2021. Foi implementada análise estatística do tipo descritiva e utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: Foram notificados 286 casos suspeitos, 148 confirmados e 79 óbitos, com taxa de prevalência de 278,31, mortalidade de 148,55 e letalidade de 53,4%. A categoria de técnicos de enfermagem foi a mais acometida, 62,8% (n = 93), a faixa etária mais relevante variou de 41 a 50 anos e o gênero feminino representou 74,3% (n = 110). Somente a variável faixa etária esteve significativamente associada aos óbitos pela doença. Foram evidenciadas oscilações entre as series temporais de incidência e mortalidade. Conclusão: Os profissionais de enfermagem do Amazonas se encontram em uma situação de alto risco para a doença e óbito, o que requer uma atenção mais criteriosa por parte dos gestores, Conselho Federal e Conselho Regional de Enfermagem ao campo laboral e suporte ao exercício da enfermagem. (AU)

Objective: To analyze confirmed cases and deaths from coronavirus 2019 disease in nursing professionals in the state of Amazonas. Methods: This is an epidemiological study, which used data obtained from the Nursing Observatory of the Federal Council of Nursing, analyzing the numbers of cases and deaths in the period from April 2020 to April 2021. Statistical analysis was implemented descriptive type and used the chi-square test. Results: 286 suspected cases were reported, 148 confirmed and 79 deaths, with a prevalence rate of 278.31, a mortality rate of 148.55 and a mortality rate of 53.4%. The category of nursing technicians was the most affected, 62.8% (n = 93), the most relevant age group ranged from 41 to 50 years and the female gender represented 74.3% (n = 110). Only the age group variable was significantly associated with deaths from the disease. Oscillations between the temporal series of incidence and mortality were evidenced. Conclusion: Nursing professionals in Amazonas are at high risk for disease and death, which requires more careful attention from managers, the Federal Council and Regional Council of Nursing to the labor field and support for the practice of nursing. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar casos confirmados y defunciones por enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 en profesionales de enfermería del estado de Amazonas. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, que utilizó datos obtenidos del Observatorio de Enfermería del Consejo Federal de Enfermería, analizando el número de casos y defunciones en el período de abril de 2020 a abril de 2021. Se implementó un análisis estadístico de tipo descriptivo y se utilizó la chi -Prueba cuadrada. Resultados: se notificaron 286 casos sospechosos, 148 confirmados y 79 defunciones, con una tasa de prevalencia de 278,31, una tasa de mortalidad de 148,55 y una tasa de mortalidad del 53,4%. La categoría de técnicos de enfermería fue la más afectada, 62,8% (n = 93), el grupo de edad más relevante osciló entre 41 y 50 años y el sexo femenino representó el 74,3% (n = 110). Solo la variable del grupo de edad se asoció significativamente con las muertes por la enfermedad. Se evidenciaron oscilaciones entre la serie temporal de incidencia y mortalidad. Conclusión: Los profesionales de enfermería en Amazonas se encuentran en alto riesgo de enfermedad y muerte, lo que requiere una mayor atención por parte de los administradores, el Consejo Federal y el Consejo Regional de Enfermería al campo laboral y el apoyo a la práctica de la enfermería. (AU)

Heatwave hit phase shifted coral reefs: Zoantharian mass mortality record.

Phase shift is characterized by an abrupt change in the structure of a community in response to a disturbance that can break its resistance, displacing it from its natural variation. This phenomenon has been recognized in several ecosystems and often points to human activities as the main cause. However, reactions of shifted communities to anthropogenic impacts have been less studied. In recent decades, heatwaves resulting from climate change have strongly affected coral reefs. Mass coral bleaching events are recognized as the main cause of coral reef phase shifts on a global scale. In 2019, an unprecedented heatwave hit the southwest Atlantic Ocean causing mass coral bleaching in non-degraded and phase-shifted reefs of Todos os Santos Bay, at an intensity never recorded in a 34-year historical series. We analyzed the effects of this event on the resistance of phase-shifted reefs, dominated by the zoantharian Palythoa cf. variabilis. Using benthic coverage data from 2003, 2007, 2011, 2017, and 2019, we analyzed three non-degraded reefs and three phase-shifted reefs. We estimated the coverage and bleaching of corals and P. cf. variabilis on each reef. There was a reduction in coral coverage in non-degraded reefs before the 2019 mass bleaching event (i.e., heatwave). However, there was no significant coral coverage variation after the event and the structure of non-degraded reef communities did not change. In phase-shifted reefs the coverage of zoantharians did not change significantly before the 2019 event, however, after the mass bleaching, there was a significant reduction in the coverage of these organisms. Here we revealed that the resistance of the shifted community was broken, and its structure was altered, indicating that reefs in this condition were more susceptible to bleaching disturbance than non-degraded reefs.

The effects of an invasive soft coral on the structure of native benthic communities.

Species invasion is a major threat to marine biodiversity and function; thus, studying the effects of recently reported exotic species is extremely important. Several soft coral species (Alcyonacea) have invaded the Atlantic Ocean but their effects are poorly known. Here, we investigated the effects of the invasive species Sarcothelia sp. (Alcyonacea, Xeniidae) on native benthic shallow reef communities in Brazil. We hypothesized that increasing Sarcothelia sp. abundance would be related to species richness decreases and native community structure changes. Multivariate analysis showed significant dissimilarity between invaded (high Sarcothelia sp. abundance) and non-invaded areas (high abundance of the octocoral Neospongodes atlantica and zoantharians). The invaded area showed less species composition variability (i.e., homogenization) than non-invaded ones. Within the invaded area we observed that Sarcothelia sp. abundance reduced species richness. The lowest native benthic richness (10 taxa) was observed in a transect with the highest invader cover, while the transect with the lowest Sarcothelia sp. cover presented 26 native taxa. These findings are likely related to the invasive novel functional traits, i.e., invader growth form and allelochemicals. A clear inverse abundance pattern between invasive Sarcothelia sp. and N. atlantica, indicated an intense competition between octocorals. Our study showed remarkable evidence of negative impacts of invasive soft corals on reef biodiversity. There is an urgent need for experiments evaluating changes in different ecological processes and to implement management actions.

Mangrove microbial community recovery and their role in early stages of forest recolonization within shrimp ponds.

Shrimp farming is blooming worldwide, posing a severe threat to mangroves and its multiple goods and ecosystem services. Several studies reported the impacts of aquaculture on mangrove biotic communities, including microbiomes. However, little is known about how mangrove soil microbiomes would change in response to mangrove forest recolonization. Using genome-resolved metagenomics, we compared the soil microbiome of mangrove forests (both with and without the direct influence of shrimp farming effluents) with active shrimp farms and mangroves under a recolonization process. We found that the structure and composition of active shrimp farms microbial communities differ from the control mangrove forests, mangroves under the impact of the shrimp farming effluents, and mangroves under recolonization. Shrimp farming ponds microbiomes have lower microbial diversity and are dominated by halophilic microorganisms, presenting high abundance of multiple antibiotic resistance genes. On the other hand, control mangrove forests, impacted mangroves (exposed to the shrimp farming effluents), and recolonization ponds were more diverse, with a higher abundance of genes related to carbon mobilization. Our data also indicated that the microbiome is recovering in the mangrove recolonization ponds, performing vital metabolic functions and functionally resembling microbiomes found in those soils of neighboring control mangrove forests. Despite highlighting the damage caused by the habitat changes in mangrove soil microbiome community and functioning, our study sheds light on these systems incredible recovery capacity. Our study shows the importance of natural mangrove forest recovery, enhancing ecosystem services by the soil microbial communities even in a very early development stage of mangrove forest, thus encouraging mangrove conservation and restoration efforts worldwide.

Estresse, qualidade de vida laboral e coping da enfermagem intensiva no contexto pandêmico: revisão integrativa / Stress, quality of working life and coping in intensive nursing in the pandemic context: integrative review / Estrés, calidad de vida laboral y afrontamiento intensivo en el contexto de pandemia: revisión integradora

Objetivo: analisar, à luz da literatura, a qualidade de vida laboral do enfermeiro de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, com ênfase nos estressores e estratégias de enfrentamento durante a COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa realizada no mês de outubro de 2022, nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO. Resultados: Foram localizados 820 estudos, e quando aplicados os critérios de e inclusão e exclusão e leitura, obteve-se uma amostra de sete estudos, dos quais emergiram as seguintes categorias: fatores estressores oriundos do ambiente laboral; impactos dos fatores de estresse na qualidade de vida laboral; e estratégias de enfrentamento para superar as situações estressantes. Conclusão: se faz necessário investir no apoio da enfermagem de terapia intensiva, implementando medidas estruturais e organizacionais no ambiente laboral que considerem seu estado biopsicossocial, a fim de resguardar sua resiliência tanto no contexto da COVID-19 quanto em futuras pandemias.

Objectives: to analyze, in the light of the literature, the quality of working life of Intensive Care Unit nurses, with emphasis on stressors and coping strategies during COVID-19. Method: integrative review carried out in October 2022, in LILACS, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases. Results: A total of 820 studies were located, and when inclusion and exclusion and reading criteria were applied, a sample of seven studies was obtained, from which the following categories emerged: stressors arising from the work environment; impacts of stress factors on the quality of working life; and coping strategies to overcome stressful situations. Final Considerations: it is necessary to invest in the support of intensive care nursing, implementing structural and organizational measures in the work environment that consider their biopsychosocial state, in order to safeguard their resilience both in the context of COVID-19 and in future pandemics.

Objetivos:analizar la calidad de vida laboral de enfermeros de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, con énfasis en los estresores y estrategias de enfrentamiento durante la COVID-19. Método: revisión integradora realizada en octubre de 2022, en las bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE y SCIELO. Resultados:Se localizaron un total de 820 estudios, y al aplicar criterios de inclusión, exclusión y lectura, se obtuvo una muestra de siete estudios, de la cual surgieron las siguientes categorías: estresores provenientes del ambiente laboral; impactos de los factores de estrés en la calidad de vida laboral; y estrategias de afrontamiento para superar situaciones estresantes. Consideraciones finales:es necesario invertir en el apoyo a la enfermería de cuidados intensivos, implementando medidas estructurales y organizativas en el ambiente de trabajo que consideren su estado biopsicosocial, con el fin de salvaguardar su resiliencia tanto en el contexto de la COVID-19 como en futuras pandemias.

A saúde mental da enfermagem de Unidade Básica de Saúde em tempos de pandemia / The mental health of Basic Health Unit nurses in times of pandemic

Objetivo: Conhecer a saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde exclusiva para pacientes com COVID-19 no Município de Boa vista, Roraima. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa,realizado com 19 profissionais da enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de abril e junho de 2022, por intermédio de um roteiro semiestruturado de 21 perguntas mistas. As entrevistas foram analisadas a partir do método de Bardin e as variáveis quantitativas submetidas ao Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 23.0. Resultados: Evidenciou-se a questão dos fatores estressores que interferem na saúde mental, associados a atividade laboral durante pandemia de COVID-19. Esses fatores tiveram como consequência a prevalência de alterações psicológicas como medo, insegurança, ansiedade e estresse. Em relação aos diagnósticos de transtornos mentais, ansiedade e depressão foram os que se sobressaíram. A atividade física, o acompanhamento psicoterápico e a religião foram as medidas de enfrentamento adotadas pelos profissionais entrevistados. Conclusão: No transcorrer da pandemia e durante a prática laboral, os profissionais do estudo foram expostos a vários fatores estressores,desenvolveram patologias psicológicas, mas buscaram manter algum nível de saúde mental. Descritores: COVID-19. Saúde Mental. Enfermagem.

Objective: To know the mental health of nursing professionals from a Basic Health Unit exclusively for patients with COVID-19 in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima. Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, carried out with 19 nursing professionals. The data was collected between April and June 2022, using a semi-structured script of 21 mixed questions. The interviews were analyzed using Bardin's method and the quantitative variables were submitted to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Results: The issue of stressors that interfere with mental health, associated with work activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, became evident. These factors had as a consequence the prevalence of psychological alterations such as fear, insecurity, anxiety,and stress. Concerningthe diagnoses of mental disorders, anxiety and depression were the ones that stood out. Physical activity, psychotherapy,and religion were the coping measures adoptedby the professionals interviewed.Conclusion: During the pandemic and their work practice, the professionals in this study were exposed to various stressors, developed psychological pathologies, but sought to maintain some level of mental health. Descriptors: COVID-19. Mental Health. Nursing.

Epidemiologia descritiva da malária em São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 a 2019 / Descriptive epidemiology of malaria in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 to 2019 / Epidemiología descriptiva de la malaria en São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas - 2010 a 2019

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da malária no município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e ecológico, baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica do Ministério da Saúde, gerados pelo Departamento de Análise e Tabulação de Dados do Sistema Único de Saúde. Utilizou-se os dados dos casos positivos de malária do município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil, do período de 2010 a 2019. Resultados: Ocorreram 80.459 casos de malária, com incidência variando entre 101,6 a 343 casos / 1.000 habitantes, considerada de alto risco, conforme a classificação do Ministério da Saúde. O homem foi o sexo com a maior predominância das notificações, na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos (18%), por Plasmodium vivax (86%), com pico de transmissão ocorrendo entre os meses de janeiro a março, e setembro a novembro. Conclusão: Os resultados apresentam uma importante informação de conhecimento público sobre a epidemiologia da transmissão malárica nessa região, da qual poderiam ser utilizadas estratégias e a implementação de ações voltadas ao combate e controle do vetor no município. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of malaria in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil. Methods: This is an epidemiological, descriptive and ecological study, based on secondary data from the Ministry of Health's Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, generated by the Data Analysis and Tabulation Department of the Unified Health System of the positive cases of malaria from the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brazil, from 2010 to 2019. Results: There were 80,459 cases of malaria, with incidence ranging from 101.6 to 343 cases / 1,000 inhabitants, considered high risk according to the classification from the Ministry of Health. Man was the sex with the highest prevalence of notifications, aged 20 to 29 years (18%), by Plasmodium vivax (86%), with peak transmission occurring between the months of January to March, and September to November. Conclusion: The results present important publicly available information on the epidemiology of malaria transmission in this region, from which strategies and the implementation of actions aimed at combating and controlling the vector in the municipality could be used. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la malaria en el municipio de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil. Métodos: Este es un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo y ecológico, basado en datos secundarios del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica del Ministerio de Salud, generado por el Departamento de Análisis y Tabulación de Datos del Sistema Único de Salud, de los casos positivos de malaria en el municipio de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, Brasil, de 2010 a 2019. Resultados: Hubo 80.459 casos de malaria, con una incidencia de 101,6 a 343 casos / 1.000 habitantes, considerados de alto riesgo según la clasificación del Ministerio de Salud. El hombre era el sexo con mayor prevalencia de notificaciones, de 20 a 29 años (18%), por Plasmodium vivax (86%), con una transmisión máxima entre los meses de enero a marzo y de septiembre a noviembre. Conclusión: Los resultados presentan información importante disponible públicamente sobre la epidemiología de la transmisión de la malaria en esta región, a partir de la cual se podrían utilizar estrategias y la implementación de acciones destinadas a combatir y controlar el vector en el municipio. (AU)

Sponges as libraries: Increase in microplastics in Cinachyrella alloclada after 36 years.

Many studies investigated the presence and effects of microplastics in marine species, but data about sponges are still incipient. We quantified these pollutants in a population of the tropical sponge Cinachyrella alloclada, comparing museum specimens sampled in 1981 with specimens sampled in 2017. The mean number of microplastics in specimens collected decades ago was one order of magnitude lower (0.13 ± 0.40/g of sponge tissue) than those sampled more recently (1.37 ± 0.94/g). We observed microplastics in only 10 % of the specimens collected in 1981 but in 80 % of those from 2017. According to Raman spectroscopy, fibers in C. alloclada consisted of polypropylene. Our results reinforce the importance of natural history collections to reduce the gap of knowledge on the interaction between marine sponges and microplastics.

Long-term monitoring projects of Brazilian marine and coastal ecosystems.

Biodiversity assessment is a mandatory task for sustainable and adaptive management for the next decade, and long-term ecological monitoring programs are a cornerstone for understanding changes in ecosystems. The Brazilian Long-Term Ecological Research Program (PELD) is an integrated effort model supported by public funds that finance ecological studies at 34 locations. By interviewing and compiling data from project coordinators, we assessed monitoring efforts, targeting biological groups and scientific production from nine PELD projects encompassing coastal lagoons to mesophotic reefs and oceanic islands. Reef environments and fish groups were the most often studied within the long-term projects. PELD projects covered priority areas for conservation but missed sensitive areas close to large cities, as well as underrepresenting ecosystems on the North and Northeast Brazilian coast. Long-term monitoring projects in marine and coastal environments in Brazil are recent (<5 years), not yet integrated as a network, but scientifically productive with considerable relevance for academic and human resources training. Scientific production increased exponentially with project age, despite interruption and shortage of funding during their history. From our diagnosis, we recommend some actions to fill in observed gaps, such as: enhancing projects' collaboration and integration; focusing on priority regions for new projects; broadening the scope of monitored variables; and, maintenance of funding for existing projects.

Computed tomography bone density variations in oncological patients undergoing antiresorptive medication

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare jaw and cervical vertebrae bone density in computed tomography (CT) analyses of oncological patients undergoing antiresorptive medication with control patients, aiming to find information that may assist the radiologist and clinician in predicting risks and monitoring osteonecrosis in the jaw. Material and methods: Thirty-one patients treated with zoledronic acid and 37 control were included in the study. Two areas in regions of interest were chosen and standardized, one in the lower portion of the mandible and another in the axial cervical vertebra (C2) of patients undergoing antiresorptive drug treatment (experimental group) and the control group. Density analysis was performed using Hounsfield scale grayscale values obtained from multislice CT exams. Interclass correlation coefficient test (ICC) was performed to assess reproducibility and repeatability. The test of normality of the samples was demonstrated using the Shapiro-Wilk test and the comparison performed using Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test. Results: When compared to patients in the control group, patients undergoing antiresorptive medication depicted an increase in bone density in both jaw bone (p=0.021) and cervical vertebrae (p=0.002). The same pattern could be observed in patients who used the medication on a monthly basis for analysis of jaw bone (p=0.021), the cervical vertebrae (p=0.002), and the cervical vertebrae of the patients who used the medication on a quarterly basis (p=0.003). Conclusions: CT can be a potentially useful method for detecting alterations associated with antiresorptive therapy, serving as a possible tool in the prediction of the disease progression. (AU)

The meaning attributed to the health-disease process by the elderly of the Makuxi ethnicity, Roraima, Brazil / O significado atribuído ao processo saúde-doença por idosos da etnia Makuxi, Roraima, Brasil

The objective of this study was to describe the meanings, representations of health and illness and therapeutic practices in the sociocultural context of the Makuxi indigenous elderly, from acertain community, in the Raposa/Serra do Sol Indigenous Land. This is a qualitative and exploratory study, based on ethnographic assumptions, carried out with 20 indigenous people. Data were collected in January 2020, through a semi-structured questionnaire, and submitted to Bardin's content analysis, and textual analysis using the Iramuteq software. The understanding of health and illness for the Makuxi elderly makes up questions of their daily life such as: the importance of working in the countryside, the consumption of typical foods of the culture and aspects of the elderly. The illness process, in his view, is strongly linked to the spell, and the search for traditional treatment is common in these cases, but the therapeutic itinerary occurs between traditional and biomedical systems. It is concluded that the knowledge of the health-disease process of the indigenous elderly has a strong cultural content associated with the Makuxi cosmovision, but which has already undergone transformations due to contact with non-indigenous people.

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os significados, representações de saúde e doença e as práticas terapêuticas no contexto sociocultural dos idosos indígenas Makuxi, de uma determinada comunidade, na Terra Indígena Raposa/Serra do Sol. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, fundamentado pelos pressupostos etnográficos, realizado com 20 indígenas. Os dados foram coletados no mês de janeiro de 2020, por intermédio de um questionário semiestruturado, e submetidos a análise de conteúdo de Bardin, e análise textual por meio do software Iramuteq. O entendimento de saúde e doença para os idosos Makuxi compõe questões de sua vida cotidiana como: a importância do trabalho na roça, o consumo de alimentos típicos da cultura e aspectos da terceira idade. O processo de adoecimento, em sua visão, está fortemente ligado ao feitiço, e a busca pelo tratamento tradicional é comum nestes casos, mas o itinerário terapêutico ocorre entre os sistemas tradicionais e biomédico. Conclui-se que o conhecimento do processo saúde doença dos idosos indígenas possui um forte teor cultural associado à cosmovisão Makuxi, mas que já sofreu transformações devido ao contato com não indígenas.

The migraine postdrome: Clinical characterization, influence of abortive treatment and impact in the quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the postdrome's prevalence and characterize its clinical manifestations, to assess the impact of these symptoms on the patients' activities of daily living, work activity and quality of life and to assess the factors that influence the postdrome's frequency and duration. METHODS: One hundred patients with migraine were screened about the occurrence of postdrome and its characteristics using a self-fulfilled questionnaire. RESULTS: Ninety-four patients reported between 1 and 23 postdrome symptoms (mean 8.0 ± 4.3 symptoms). The most reported symptoms were fatigue, difficulty with concentration and head discomfort. The frequency of the headache did not influence the frequency of the postdrome but correlated with the number of postdrome symptoms and the postdrome's duration. 82.8 % of patients reported an impact in quality of life. Most of the patients (77.4 %) did not report a difference in the duration of the postdrome when taking medication to relieve the migraine headache. Discomfort felt did not differ between patients prescribed with different abortive medication. Patients prescribed with NSAID reported more postdrome symptoms while patients prescribed with triptans identified a bigger impact in quality of life. CONCLUSION: Postdrome symptoms are frequent, diverse and cause significant disability. Abortive treatment directed to pain control is not efficient in postdrome symptoms. Understanding this phase may enhance our understanding of migraine and lead to better therapeutic approaches.

Processo de enfermagem ao paciente com sequelas neuropsiquiátricas da COVID-19: um relato de experiência / Nursing processfor patients with neuropsychiatric sequels of COVID-19: an experience report / Proceso de enfermería a pacientes con secuelas neuropsiquiátricas del COVID-19: relato de una experiencia

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência do desenvolvimento do Processo de Enfermagem, com base nas demandas terapêuticas de uma paciente com diagnósticos de sequelas neuropsiquiátricas de acordo com a Teoria do Cuidar Transpessoal e a CIPE® em um hospital no extremo norte do Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, realizado em maio de 2022 em uma Instituição Pública de Saúde de Boa Vista-RR, a partir da produção do Processo de Enfermagem à uma paciente com diagnósticos de sequelas neuropsiquiátricas decorrentes da COVID-19. Na etapa Coleta de Dados foi realizada entrevista clínica e exame físico, seguindo-se roteiro norteador da instituição. Para as etapas de Diagnóstico, Planejamento e Implementação, utilizou-se a Taxonomia da CIPE®, respeitando os aspectos éticos. Resultados: Paciente do sexo feminino, 19 anos, brasileira, natural e residente de Boa Vista-RR, com os diagnósticos de transtorno funcional, síndrome do pânico com pseudocrises convulsivas e depressão, sequelas da COVID-19. A partir da Coleta de Dados foram elencados os seguintes Diagnósticos: Convulsão alta; Fraqueza parcial; Desorientação simples; Memória prejudicada; Dor aguda moderada; Risco de queda aumentada; Marcha (caminhada) prejudicada; Risco de infecção; Recuperação física lenta; Delírio leve; Problema emocional real; Resposta psicológica prejudicada; Resiliência prejudicada; Medo moderado, os quais fundamentaram as demais etapas. Considerações finais: A experiência permitiu a aplicação da teoria científica na prática de enfermagem, aprimorando as habilidades dos pensamentos crítico, reflexivo e clínico, e a implementação do Processo de Enfermagem no contexto das sequelas neuropsiquiátricas pós COVID-19.

Objective:To describe the experience of developing the Nursing Process, based on the therapeutic demands of a patient diagnosed with neuropsychiatric sequelae according to the Transpersonal Caring Theory and ICNP® in a hospital in the extreme north of Brazil. Method:This is an experience report, carried out in May 2022 in a Public Health Institution in Boa Vista-RR, from the production of the Nursing Process to a patient with diagnoses of neuropsychiatric sequelae resulting from COVID-19. In the Data Collection stage, a clinical interview and physical examination were carried out, following the guiding script of the institution. For the stages of Diagnosis, Planning and Implementation, the ICNP® Taxonomy was used, respecting ethical aspects. Results:Female patient, 19 years old, Brazilian, born and resident of Boa Vista-RR, with diagnoses of functional disorder, panic syndrome with pseudoseizures and depression, sequelae of COVID-19. From the Data Collection, the following diagnoses were listed: High seizure; partial weakness; Simple disorientation; Impaired memory; Moderate acute pain; Increased risk of falling; Impaired gait (walking); Risk of infection; Slow physical recovery; Mild delirium; Actual emotional problem; Impaired psychological response; Impaired resilience; Moderate fear, which underpinned the other stages. Final considerations: The experience allowed the application of scientific theory in nursing practice, improving critical, reflective and clinical thinkingskills, and the implementation of the Nursing Process in the context of post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric sequelae.

Objetivo:Describir la experiencia de desarrollo del Procesode Enfermería, a partir de las demandas terapéuticas de un paciente diagnosticado con secuelas neuropsiquiátricas según la Teoría del Cuidado Transpersonal y la CIPE® en un hospital del extremo norte de Brasil. Método:Se trata de un relato de experiencia, realizado en mayo de 2022 en una Institución de Salud Pública de Boa Vista-RR, a partir de la elaboración del Proceso de Enfermería a un paciente con diagnósticos de secuelas neuropsiquiátricas resultantes de la COVID-19. En la etapa de Recolección de Datos, se realizó entrevista clínica y examen físico, siguiendo el guión rector de la institución. Para las etapas de Diagnóstico, Planificación e Implementación se utilizó la Taxonomía CIPE®, respetando los aspectos éticos. Resultados: Paciente femenina, de19 años, brasileña, nacida y residente de Boa Vista-RR, con diagnósticos de trastorno funcional, síndrome de pánico con pseudocrisis y depresión, secuelas de la COVID-19. A partir de la Recolección de Datos, fueron listados los siguientes diagnósticos: Convulsión alta; debilidad parcial; Desorientación simple; Deterioro de la memoria; dolor agudo moderado; Mayor riesgo de caídas; Alteración de la marcha (caminar); Riesgo de infección; Lenta recuperación física; delirio leve; Problema emocional real; Deterioro de la respuesta psicológica; Deterioro de la resiliencia; Miedo moderado, que sustentaba las otras etapas. Consideraciones finales:La experiencia permitió la aplicación de la teoría científica en la práctica de enfermería, mejorando las habilidades depensamiento crítico, reflexivo y clínico, y la implementación del Proceso de Enfermería en el contexto de las secuelas neuropsiquiátricas post-COVID-19.