Some result of the study of relationship between spread of animals containing of plague and climate change at the ugalz mountains / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Climate: Studies show that it is get warmer 2.10C in Mongolia in last 40 years. It influences ecology and decreased ecology event, succession action in ecosystem. It is interesting to study how climate change damage animal’s biology and ecology. The survey on changing ecology is rare conducted in Mongolia. Year average air temperature in Govi-Altai province got warmer 1.20C in last 30 years. Monitoring agency for meteorology and environment of Govi-Altai aimag summarized air temperature 1980-2009 (4-9 months) and it is got warmer 2.00C in Tonkhil soum.Plants: According to our research, at the above sea level around 2229-2600m dry steppe, at a.s.l 2601-2800m in steppe and water-meadow steppe at a.s.l 2801m high mountain steppe, zone plants grow. At the report of research for motion and episodic in epicenter of the marmot plague (1987-1991) aspect of plants figure by J.Batbold warm weather influence plants grow at around 100m.Animal spreading: In 1987-1991 M.sibirica spread almost part, S.erythrogenus above sea level 2300m in Ugalz mountains. Places where marmots live don’t have any marmots such as Alagiin hooloi, number of marmot is dramatically decreasing last years. It is related to climate change and hunting. Plants are changed due to influence climate animals in desert, dry steppe spread in Ugalz mountains and above sea level 2550m S.erythrogenus are according to the research, E.luteuse are spreading in front area of the Ugalz mountains, S.erythrogenus are spreading back of the Ugalz mountains.

[Detection of natural tularemia foci in Mongolia].

AIM: Study of the current spread of natural tularemia foci in Mongolia and its epizootic activity evaluation for consequent substantiation of the recommendations for prophylaxis of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study of 1119 pellet specimens from predatory birds obtained in 6 aimag in Mongolia in 2008--2010 was performed. Tularemia antigen was detected by using antibody neutralization reaction (ANR) and passive hemagglutination reaction (PHR) with tularemia diagnosticums. Tularemia DNA was detected by PCR by using strain specific primers. Presence of plague antigen in PHR with plague immunoglobulin diagnosticum was also studied in all the samples. RESULTS: Epizootologic monitoring allowed the detection of natural tularemia foci in 5 of the 6 studied aimags in Mongolia. PHR was the most effective study method that allowed to detect tularemia antigen in the environmental objects in high quantities (up to 9.2% of positive samples) and high titers (up to 1:1600). PCR was less effective. Plague antigen was detected in 9 samples in 2010 for the first time, and in 3 cases together with tularemia antigen, which indicates a presence of combined natural foci of tularemia and plague in this territory. CONCLUSION: In the studied regions of Mongolia natural tularemia foci were detected, their epizootic activity was determined and recommendations for future study tactics of natural tularemia foci were given.

[Detection of leptospirosis infection in certain wild and domestic animals in Mongolia].

AIM: Serological examination for leptospirosis of domestic and certain species of wild animals in Mongolia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Collection of material from domestic and wild animals was performed in 2009--2010 in 7 aimags (regions) of Eastern, Central and Southern Mongolia. Serological study of filter paper dried blood samples obtained from 51 specimens of cattle and small cattle, camels, and 545 specimens of rodents of various species was performed in microagglutination reaction (MAR) of leptospirae with 13 reference strains. RESULTS: There is a presence in certain regions of Mongolia of anthropurgic loci of leptospirosis infection including arid zones where ecological conditions do not favor the development of epizootic process. The results of the study indicate the epizootic significance of Tarassovi serogroup leptospirae in cattle and Sejroe serogroup (probably hardjo serovar) in goats, sheep and camels. Results of serological studies of desert and steppe specimens of wild fauna of Mongolia suggest a possibility of circulation of leptospirae in natural foci. CONCLUSION: Detection in a significant percent of cases in tarbagan and long tailed ground squirrel blood sera of agglutinins to Pomona (mozdok) leptospirae with negative MAR results for Pomona (pomona) strain suggests a presence of a pathogen of a previously unknown serovar. However final conclusion could be made only after the isolation of cultures of the pathogen and their identification.