[Current role of the latissimus dorsi flap in traumatology: Analysis of the activity of a plastic surgery department in a military hospital]. / Place actuelle du lambeau de grand dorsal en traumatologie : analyse de l'activité d'un service de chirurgie plastique en hôpital militaire.

Reconstructive surgery's workhorse, the latissimus dorsi flap is increasingly abandoned in favour of fasciocutaneous flaps. The purpose of this study was to analyse the methods used to perform this flap and the evolution of its indications in order to define its current place in traumatology. Forty-four cases were recorded retrospectively from January 2000 to December 2020 at HIA Percy, including 37 cases of free flaps, mainly performed for reconstruction of extensive loss of substance with bone and/or joint exposure. It was also performed in 10.8% of cases for salvage after failure of an alternative reconstruction solution. This analysis confirms the value of the latissimus dorsi flap in cases of significant substance loss in the lower limb, but also in burn patients for functional rehabilitation or to allow early rehabilitation.

[Pre-iliac tumor mass syndrome: An atypical rheumatoid nodule]. / Syndrome de masse tumorale pré-iliaque : un nodule rhumatoïde atypique.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a polymorphous chronic inflammatory disease that is common in general population and is responsible for the occurrence of subcutaneous or visceral rheumatoid nodules. Their typical clinical presentations and localizations do not generally pose any diagnostic or therapeutic problem. We report here an atypical fistulized presentation of an unusual iliac rheumatoid nodule in a 65-year-old female patient. The evolution was favorable without recurrence at 6 months after complete surgical resection and appropriate antibiotherapy.

Methylmetacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasty technique: Technical interest of intraoperative modeling and review of the literature.

Reconstruction of bone loss in the cranial vault may be necessary for functional or aesthetic reasons following trauma, decompression craniectomy, or craniofacial malformations. Many techniques have been described in the literature, using various materials, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Reconstruction with polymethylmetacrylate cement has the advantage of a durable result and relative ease of use. In this article we present our cement cranioplasty technique through 4 clinical cases of cranial vault reconstruction, by direct intraoperative modeling on the bone defect. This accessible, effective method, applicable to all sizes of defect, remains an attractive option in the arsenal of techniques available today.

[Prioritization of risk situations in neuro-urology: Guidelines based on the Delphi method from Association française d'urologie (AFU), Association francophone internationale des groupes d'animation de la paraplégie (AFIGAP), Groupe de neuro-urologie de langue française (GENULF), Société française de médecine physique et de réadaptation (SOFMER) and Société interdisciplinaire francophone d'urodynamique et de pelvi-périnéologie (SIFUD-PP)]. / Priorisation des situations à risque en neuro-urologie : recommandations par méthode Delphi de l'Association française d'urologie (AFU), l'Association francophone internationale des groupes d'animation de la paraplégie (AFIGAP), le Groupe de neuro-urologie de langue française (GENULF), la Société française de médecine physique et de réadaptation (SOFMER) et la Société interdisciplinaire francophone d'urodynamique et de pelvi-périnéologie (SIFUD-PP).

PURPOSE: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a care reorganization was mandatory, and affected patients in different areas, including management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. This work aims to provide validated schedule concerning the assessment and management of patients in neuro-urology. METHODS: Based on a literature review and their own expertise, a steering committee composed of urologists and physical medicine and rehabilitation practitioners generated a comprehensive risk-situation list and built a risk scale. A panel of French-speaking experts in neuro-urology was asked to define the timing for each clinical situation and validated these new recommendations through a Delphi process approach. RESULTS: The 49 experts included in the rating group validated 163 propositions among the 206 initial items. The propositions were divided into four domains - diagnosis and assessment, treatment, follow-up, and complications - and two sub-domains - general (applicable for all neurological conditions) and condition-specific (varying according to the neurological condition (spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, Parkinsonism, spinal dysraphism, lower motor neuron lesions)). CONCLUSIONS: This multidisciplinary collaborative work generates recommendations based on expert opinion, providing a validated timing for assessment and management of patients in neuro-urology which may help clinicians to reorganize their patients' list with a personalized medicine approach, in a context of health crisis or not.

[Catheters in urology: Indications and management in daily practice for the nurse]. / Les sondes en urologie : indications et prise en charge infirmière.

The urology nurse cares for patients wearing many different types of urinary catheters. Her role in the management of these devices in external care, clinical units, operating room or at home is fundamental. We performed a state of the art of good practices and of the up to date knowledge regarding the indication, placement, and specific care of these devices, which are every day more numerous on the market. Indwelling bladder catheter are placed, daily managed and removed by nurses, depending on an initial medical indication. The type of catheter must be adapted to the patient and to the clinical situation. Its daily care and management should allow not only the best comfort for the patient, but also an efficient management of the associated infectious risk. The placement of ureteral catheters (simple monoJ, double J or nephrostomy), are mainly of surgical initial indication. We developed what we thought was compulsory knowledge about them for an operating theater's nurse. The associated care for urology's nurses is also detailed. This inventory of available urinary catheter's, of their indications and management, aims to be a help for the urology nurse in her daily practice. Her/his role is essential in the choice of the adequate catheter and in its correct management, not only for the urologist but also for the patient himself.

Recommendations of the AFU Infectious Diseases Committee on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infections of endo-ureteral equipment.

INTRODUCTION: No recent national guidelines exist regarding the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the presence of ureteral stent. This situation could lead to discrepancies in clinical management and less opportunity for a favorable patient's outcome. METHODS: All available data published on Medline® between 1998 and 2018 were systematically searched and reviewed. All papers assessing adult patients carrying ureteral stent were included for analysis. After studies critical analysis, national guidelines for clinical management were elaborated in order to answer clinical questions. RESULTS: A total of 451 articles were identified, of which 58 have been included. The prevalence of urinary tract infections in the presence of ureteral stent remains unknown. After 3 months, all endo-ureteral devices were colonized on microbiological study. These patients also presented a positive urine culture in 25 to 70% of the cases, often polymicrobial. Staphylococci, E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Candida were the commonest micro-organisms responsible for urinary colonization or infection. The risk of UTI on endo-ureteral devices seemed higher the longer it stayed implanted. There is no justification in the literature to recommend a systematic change of endo-ureteral devices following a urinary tract infection. DISCUSSION: The existing literature is rich but of poor methodological quality, and therefore does not allow to draw robust conclusions. The greatest difficulty faced in this work was to accurately differentiate urinary colonizations from true infections, including clinical symptoms and not only microbiological results. CONCLUSION: These guidelines propose a standardized management of such common clinical situations. Well-designed studies are needed to upgrade the level of evidence of these guidelines.

FUrTIHF: French urinary tract infections in healthcare facilities - five-year historic cohort (2014-2018).

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and diverse. Even when not severe, UTIs regularly lead to hospitalization, but their hospital burden remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the national incidence of hospitalized UTIs in France. METHODS: A historic five-year cohort of adult patients hospitalized with UTIs in France was extracted from the medico-administrative databases using an ICD-10 code algorithm built by a multidisciplinary team. The performance parameters were estimated blindly, by reviewing 1122 cases, using medical reports as the gold standard, giving a global predictive positive value of 70.4% (95% confidence interval 66.6-74.1). The national incidence of UTIs was then estimated. RESULTS: A total of 2,083,973 patients with UTIs were hospitalized over the period, giving an adjusted incidence rate of ∼900 cases/100,000 inhabitants, stable over the period, higher in females and increasing with age; 1.2% were device-associated UTIs. Unspecific acute cystitis represented almost two-thirds of cases (63.5%); followed by pyelonephritis (23.6%) and prostatitis (12.4%). More than three-quarters of patients had at least one comorbid condition (76.8%). CONCLUSIONS: This national cohort study is the first to date to estimate the incidence of UTI-related hospitalizations in France. UTIs represent a substantial burden of care. Further analysis will provide data for more informed goal-of-care discussions targeting each type of UTI, their management and outcomes.

[Current place of cultured epithelial autografts in the management of massive burns and future prospects: Literature review]. / Place actuelle des cultures d'épidermes autologues dans la prise en charge des brûlures étendues et perspective d'avenir : revue de littérature.

Cultured Epithelial Autografts (CEAs), developed at the end of the 1970s from in vitro culture amplification of keratinocytes, have led to a therapeutic revolution in the treatment of major burns. The areas of improvement of the cultures initially involved the manufacturing processes (culture media, support matrices, etc.) and then clinical applications (use of a largely expanded allogeneic or autologous dermal bed). These advances have enabled burn centers (BC) using CEAs to obtain very satisfactory percentages of graft integration and survival of major burns patients. However, since CEAs are not without major drawbacks (fragility, high rate of infection, high cost, unstable scars), these pitfalls have restricted their use worldwide. As of 2014, CEAs produced by Genyzme Tissue Repair are no longer available in Europe, which has considerably reduced an indispensable therapeutic arsenal for severe and extensive burns. To overcome these therapeutic limitations, current research is focusing on techniques combining surgery, tissue engineering and cell therapy. The advent of regenerative medicine, based on the use of stem cells, in particular mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), can contribute to an improvement in the management of these massively burned patients (optimization of the environmental medium, attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response and the immunosuppressive effects of the burn, acceleration of tissue regeneration, etc.). Cell therapy, therefore, offers alternatives to CEAs, which must imperatively retain their place in the therapeutic arsenal, namely an effective emergency coverage technique that can be improved.

Eyelid Chemical Burns: A Multidisciplinary And Challenging Approach.

During second- and third-degree eyelid sulfuric acid burns, many surgeons prefer to wait until primary wound separation occurs before grafting. However, this approach may miss the chance to recover the eyelids and can cause ectropion, resulting in delayed eyeball healing with exposure keratitis. We propose that early eyelid release and grafting makes a significant difference in long-term outcomes and improves eyeball healing. Here, we present the case of a woman who presented second- and third-degree burns of the eyelids secondary to physical domestic assault with acid, who had an early surgical management with a full-thickness skin graft. Ten days after surgery, we found that the graft had survived totally, and the donor site of the right arm had already healed. Eyelids were successfully grafted and the functions of both eyelids were well recovered, allowing complete cover of the eyeball. Two months after surgery, functional and cosmetic results were satisfying, with no postoperative lagophthalmos or difficulties with exposure-related problems. Case reports of eyelid chemical burns are very few. No specific and codified management of eyelid chemical burns was found in the literature search. This case report demonstrated that a multidisciplinary approach led by both ophthalmologists and plastic surgeons must be decided early (<6h) in order to achieve synergistic and coordinated management between the eye and the eyelid. There is a significant improvement in ocular healing with early excision and grafting of eyelids after sulfuric acid burn.

En cas de brûlure du 2ème ou du 3ème degré des paupières par acide sulfurique, de nombreux chirurgiens préfèrent attendre la séparation spontanée de l'escarre avant de greffer. Cette stratégie comporte le risque d'une cicatrisation défectueuse source d'ectropion, d'occlusion incomplète et de kératite. Nous conjecturons qu'une excision-greffe précoce améliore le pronostic à long terme de ce type de brûlure. Nous présentons le cas d'une femme victime d'une agression intra-familiale à l'acide sulfurique, souffrant de brûlure des 2ème et 3ème degrés des paupières traitée par excision-greffe de peau totale précoce. À J10, la greffe était totalement intégrée et le site donneur (bras droit) était cicatrisé. La fonction palpébrale était normale et l'occlusion oculaire complète. Ces bons résultats persistaient à 2 mois, sans lagophtalmie ni défaut d'occlusion, avec un aspect esthétique correct. Les rapports de brûlures chimiques des paupières sont peu fréquents et il nous n'avons pas trouvé de protocole dans la littérature. Ce cas clinique illustre la nécessité d'une analyse précoce (dans les 6h) par ophtalmologiste et plasticien afin de définir une stratégie coordonnée vis à vis du globe oculaire et de la paupière. L'excision-greffe précoce améliore la pronostic oculaire après brûlure par acide sulfurique.

[Short recommendations from the CIAFU: Interest of the urine bacterial culture performed before endo-rectal prostate biopsy]. / Recommandations courtes du CIAFU : intérêt de l'ECBU avant biopsie de la prostate réalisée par voie endo-rectale.

Prostate biopsy is sometimes complicated by infection which can lead to death. The risk factors remain controversial, notably the urine bacterial culture carried out before a prostate biopsy. The increase in resistance induces an increase in the number of complications and the need to define new antibiotic prophylaxis strategies. The urine bacterial culture remains widely discussed in cases with post-prostate biopsy infections and urologists or experts await clear recommendations on this subject. The Infectiology Committee of the French Association of Urology has therefore set up a literature analysis work in order to reach a consensus within the committee. METHOD: A literature search was performed on Pubmed and Medline. We selected randomized studies or meta-analyzes using the keywords "prostate biopsy" and "infection" or "infectious complications". All abstracts and articles have been analyzed. The summary of the analysis was reviewed by all the members of the committee proposing the most consensual recommendation possible. RESULTS: The literature on the subject remains poor, but no evidence of a link between prebiopsy bacteriuria and post-biopsy infection has been demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from a clinical situation which could evoke a male urinary tract infection, and moreover having to prefer the postponement of biopsies, it is not recommended to perform a routine urine culture before endo-rectal prostate biopsies (expert opinion).

Medical and surgical management of lower extremity war-related injuries. Experience of the French Military Health Service (FMHS).

Lower extremity war wounds are characterized by high-energy trauma occasioning loss of complex and pluritissular substances. The support pipeline put into place by the French defense health service (SSA) is designed to rapidly evacuate the injured person from the scene of injury to mainland France, following initial surgery in the framework of a sequential tactic known as "Damage Control Surgery". This strategy is aimed at stabilizing the traumatized individual and enabling his evacuation. Patients are subsequently treated in a restorative surgery unit in a Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées (HIA), a level 1 trauma center (HIA Percy, HIA Saint-Anne) Cooperation between the plastic and orthopedic surgery specialties is essential insofar as it allows for surgical optimization aimed at saving the limb while restoring function to the greatest possible extent. Notwithstanding painstaking application of this common strategy, septic pseudoarthrosis remains the principal and most feared complication, at times rendering impossible any therapeutic solution other than amputation. Whether prosthetic or non-prosthetic, the rehabilitation provided by doctor/physiotherapists is conducive to patients' social and professional reintegration. The nation's duty to assist its wounded veterans is carried out with determination by the French defense ministry. As concerns lower extremity war wounds, the authors detail the reconstruction doctrine based on the 6/7/8/9 rule, in accordance with which strategies for repair of soft tissue and reconstruction of the lost bone substance have been developed.

Pregnancy and Delivery in Women with Lower Urinary Tract Reconstruction: A National Multicenter Retrospective Study from the French-Speaking Neuro-Urology Study Group (GENULF) and the Neuro-Urology Committee of the French Association of Urology.

PURPOSE: Management of pregnancy and delivery in women with lower urinary tract reconstruction is challenging and the currently available literature is insufficient to guide clinical practice. We report pregnancy and delivery outcomes in this specific population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a national multicenter retrospective study (16 centers) including 68 women with 96 deliveries between 1998 and 2019. These women had at least 1 successful pregnancy and delivery after augmentation enterocystoplasty, catheterizable channel creation and/or artificial urinary sphincter implantation. Maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy and delivery were reported, as well as postpartum functional outcomes, according to the delivery mode. The chi-square test and Student's t-test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS: Overall 32% of reported pregnancies were complicated by febrile urinary tract infections, 13.5% by renal colic and 14.6% required upper urinary tract diversion. In addition, 10% of patients reported transient self-catheterization difficulties and 13.5% reported de novo or increased urinary incontinence. The preterm delivery rate was 35.3%. Elective C-section was performed in 61% of pregnancies. Twenty complications occurred during delivery (20%), including 19 during elective C-section. Urinary continence at 1 year was unchanged for 93.5% of deliveries. Delivery mode (p=0.293) and multiparity (p=0.572) had no impact on urinary continence. CONCLUSIONS: In this population C-section appeared to be associated with a high risk of complications. In the absence of any obstetric or neurological contraindications, vaginal delivery should be proposed as the first line option to the majority of these women.

[The "racket-like" flap: Method to increase the reliability of the sural neuro-cutaneous flap]. / Le lambeau neurofasciocutané sural : fiabilisation par le prélèvement d'un lambeau en raquette.

We realized a retrospective study from 2003 to 2018 comparing two surgical techniques of neuro-fascio-cutaneous sural flap harvesting to improve their reliability: the "vascular pedicle tunneling" method and the "racket-like" flap method. There are 35 flaps in this series from lower distal limb reconstruction: 21 "racket-like" flaps and 14 "tunneling-pedicle" flaps. There were no partial or total necrosis case in the "racket-like" flaps group. Our technique reduces covering failure due to partial or total necrosis risk with a statistically significant impact. We propose to extend the "racket-like" technique to every fascio-cutaneous flap available.

[Urinary tract infections in adults: Comparison of the French and the European guidelines]. / Infections urinaires de l'adulte : comparaison des recommandations françaises et européennes. Par le Comité d'infectiologie de l'Association française d'urologie (CIAFU).

INTRODUCTION: Acute urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adult are now a major public health issue in terms of morbidity, mortality and in terms of costs for society. The latest French guidelines and the European Association of Urology guidelines differ in some points. The aim of this article is to compare the guidelines of these two societies in order to highlight their differences but also their common points in the management of UTIs. METHODS: A comparative analysis of the latest French and European guidelines was carried out. The authors defined the following sub-sections: terminology, pyelonephritis, male UTIs, pregnancy urinary tract infections and cystitis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The guidelines of these two societies are not very different in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic management. The major differences are in the duration of antibiotic therapies, where French guidelines continue to recommend long term treatments where EAU sometimes recommends only 5 days of antibiotics, as in the case of simple acute pyelonephritis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

Type III open tibia fractures in low-resource setting. Part 2: soft-tissue coverage with simple, reliable and replicable pedicle flaps.

After limb salvage based on debridement and external fixation, Gustilo IIIB open tibia fractures must undergo soft-tissue repair within 7 days. In low-resource setting, the coverage is performed with pedicled flaps only, which can be used by any orthopedic surgeon after minimal training. The authors describe here the simplified use of 7 basic flap transfers that can deal with almost all soft tissue defects. The diffusion of these techniques in developing countries is crucial for limiting functional and trophic effects related to prolonged exposure of the fracture site.

Open prostatectomy versus 180-W XPS GreenLight laser vaporization: Long-term functional outcome for prostatic adenomas>80 g.

INTRODUCTION: GreenLight photoselective vaporisation of the prostate (PVP) offers an endoscopic alternative to open prostatectomy (OP) for treatment of large adenomas. This study compares long-term functional outcome of both techniques in patients with Benign prostatic obstruction (BPO)>80g. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for BPO>80g from January 2010 to February 2015 at our institution were retrospectively collected and compared according to surgical technique. Patient's demographics, surgeon's experience, operative data and long-term functional results were analyzed, using IPSS and International continence society (ICS) male questionnaire associated with Quality of life scores (IPSS-QL and ICS-QL). Predictors of long-term outcome were also assessed. RESULTS: In total, 111 consecutive patients, 57 PVP and 54 OP, were included in the study with a mean follow-up of 24 and 33 month respectively. Patient's age, Charlson score, preoperative IPSS and urinary retention rates were similar. Mean prostatic volume was superior in the OP group (142 versus 103g, P<0.001). Transfusion rate was lower after PVP (P=0.02), despite a more frequent anticoagulant use. Length of hospital stay and urinary catheterization were shorter after PVP (P<0.001), with however a higher rate of recatheterization (RR=4.74) and rehospitalization (RR=10.42). Long-term scores were better after OP for IPSS (1 versus 5, P<0.001), IPSS-QL, ICS, ICS-QL. On multivariate analysis, prostatic residual volume was the only predictor of long-term IPSS but not ICS. CONCLUSION: Long-term functional outcome are better after OP compared to PVP. However, PVP offers good results, allowing to safely operate patients taking anticoagulants, regardless of prostatic volume. Endoscopic enucleation may the compromise between both techniques. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Complex upper arm reconstruction using an antero-lateral thigh free flap after an extravasation of Yttrium-90-ibritumomab Tiuxetan: A case report and literature review.

Yttrium-90-Ibritumomab Tiuxetan (Zevalin®) is used in the treatment of non- Hodgkin's lymphoma. Extravasation is an iatrogenic complication that is fortunately rare. However, the treatment of this complication is often complex due to the risk of extensive skin necrosis and unpredictable evolution of localized irradiation. This vesicant drug requires emergency management when extravasation occured. Radiations burns have specificities. Therefore, wound coverage involves specific plastic surgical techniques. Here, we report the case of a man presenting a chronic and extensive skin necrosis of upper arm treated with an antero-lateral thigh free flap. Moreover, we compare our experience of Zevalin® extravasation management to other past publications and propose recommendations to prevent this unacceptable complication.

[Skin engineering for severe burns]. / L'ingénierie cutanée pour le traitement des brûlures graves.

Severe burned patients need definitive and efficient wound coverage. Outcome of massive burns has been improved by using cultured epithelial autografts (CEA). Despite fragility, percentages of success take, cost of treatment and long-term tendency to contracture, this surgical technique has been developed in few burn centres. First improvements were to combine CEA and dermis-like substitute. Cultured skin substitutes provide earlier skin closure and satisfying functional result. These methods have been used successfully in massive burns. Second improvement was to allow skin regeneration by using epidermal stem cells. Stem cells have capacity to differentiate into keratinocytes, to promote wound repair and to regenerate skin appendages. Human mesenchymal stem cells contribute to wound healing and were evaluated in cutaneous radiation syndrome. Skin regeneration and tissue engineering methods remain a complex challenge and offer the possibility of new treatment for injured and burned patients.

Grafting both acute wound site and adjacent donor site with the same graft: an easy and safe procedure to improve healing and minimize pain in elderly and bedridden patients.

In harvesting skin to cover the defect caused by a burn, a second wound is created, the donor site wound. We propose an alternative method to manage the donor site: taking a split-thickness skin graft (STSG) from a donor site adjacent to the burn wound to be treated, and meshing at a 3:1 ratio to cover both sites at once. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of covering both burn wound and adjacent donor site with the same STSG in elderly and bedridden patients. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 6 patients over 60 years old or/and bedridden presenting with a small burn wound who underwent STSG of both burn wound and adjacent donor site between April 2016 and November 2016 in the Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Treatment at Percy Military Hospital (France). Their data were compared with data of five patients who had undergone the usual STSG procedure during the same period. There was a statistically significant difference between patients who underwent adjacent STSG procedure and those who underwent usual STSG procedure in healing time (days) mean (SD) (7,33 ± 1,03 vs. 16,2 ± 0,83; p = 0,007) and Numeric Rating Scale pain mean (SD) at day 2 (0,33 ± 0,33 vs. 2,4 ± 1,35; p = 0,04). Grafting both acute burn wound and adjacent donor site with the same graft seems to be an easy method to improve healing and minimize pain in the STSG donor site in elderly and bedridden patients.

Lors du prélèvement de peau mince pour couvrir une plaie causée par une brûlure, une seconde plaie est créée, le site donneur. Voici une méthode alternative pour la gestion du site donneur: prélever une greffe de peau mince GPM à partir d'un site donneur adjacent à la brûlure, l'expandre avec un ratio de 3:1 pour couvrir les deux sites à la fois. Ici l'objectif principal est d'évaluer l'efficacité de la couverture simultanée d'une petite brûlure et du site donneur adjacent avec la même GPM chez les patients âgés et alités. Nous avons étudié rétrospectivement les dossiers de 6 patients traités par couverture simultanée de la brûlure et du site donneur adjacent avec la même GPM entre avril 2016 et novembre 2016 dans le Service de Chirurgie Plastique de l'hôpital militaire Percy (France). Les données ont été comparées à un groupe similaire de patients qui ont subi une procédure habituelle durant la même période. Il y avait une différence statistiquement significative entre les patients qui ont subi une procédure de GPM du site donneur adjacent et ceux qui ont subi une procédure habituelle sur la durée (jours) moyenne (écart-type, SD) de cicatrisation (7,33 ± 1,03 vs 16,2 ± 0,83; p = 0,007) et de la douleur sur l'échelle numérique au jour 2 (0,33 ± 0,33 vs 2,4 ± 1,35; p = 0,04). Greffer la plaie liée à la brûlure aiguë et le site donneur adjacent avec une même GPM semble être une méthode simple pour améliorer la guérison et minimiser la douleur du site donneur.