[Comparative characteristics of cytokine and IgE levels in patients with bronchial asthma of professional and non-professional genesis]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika tsitokinov i IgE u patsientov s bronkhial'noi astmoi professional'nogo i neprofessional'nogo geneza.

A comparative evaluation of serum concentrations of cytokines and IgE production in patients with occupational bronchial asthma (BA) caused by exposure to the toxic-dust factor of the aluminum industry and patients with asthma of unprofessional genesis was carried out. A more pronounced pro-inflammatory response has been found in patients with occupational BA characterized by hyperproduction of IL-1b, IL-8. While for persons with non-professional asthma, a decrease in IL-1b, IL-5, IL-10 is characteristic. The common pattern of the detected changes in the patients of both groups consists in an increase in the production of IgE (6 times in patients with occupational BA and 8.9 times with non-occupational asthma) and a decrease in serum concentrations of TNF-a. Various cytokine manifestations in occupational and unprofessional BA may be associated with different etiopathogenetic mechanisms of disturbance of intra-immune regulation, and also confirms the professional conditionality of the revealed changes in patients with BA who work in the aluminum industry.

[Biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular system state in patients with occupationai bronchopulmonary diseases].

The article presents results of study concerning biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction and structural changes in cardiovascular system of aluminium production workers with initial and advanced symptoms of occupationally related bronchopulmonary diseases. Common pathogenetic traits of cardiovascular diseases with initial and advanced symptoms of occupationally related bronchopulmonary diseases are disordered regulation of vascular tone due to nitrogen and plasmin, atherosclerotic plaques formation and changed cardiomyocytes function. Individuals with initial symptoms of occupationally related bronchopulmonary diseases are characterized by increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis due to circulatory disorders. Mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases for advanced symptoms of occupationally related bronchopulmonary diseases are related to disordered regulation of cellular hemostasis by nitrogen oxide and plasmin, changed regulation via b-adrenoreceptors and altered cardiomyocytes metabolism.

[Legal aspects of examination concerning complicated cases of occupation connection with disease].

The article deals with problems arising in consideration of relations between disease and occupation. The authors presented and analyzed legal occupational therapy documents that regulate examination for connection between disease and occupational activities. Consideration also covers legal aspects and solutions of debates in complicated examination cases with specific clinical examples of legal expertise, based on experience of FGBNU VSIMEI personnel.

[Using inhibited natural leucocytes migration test in diagnosis of occupational allergic diseases].

Number of chemicals that induce occupational sensibilization is quite large and constantly increasing due to synthesis' of new compounds. Diagnosis of occupational allergic diseases requires thorough systemic approach. Study covered groups of patients that necessitate diagnosis of occupational disease (107 individuals): chemical production workers, gas- arc welder, medical staffers, aluminium production workers, with diagnosed occupational bronchopulmonary diseases. Direction of leucocytes migration in the diagnostic test used was comparable with type of a chemical under study. Correspondence of clinical manifestations and results of inhibited natural leucocytes migration test approximates 70% in chemical production workers and gas-arc welders; 85-90% - in medical staffers and 50% - in aluminium production workers.

[Clinical, biochemical and allergological indices characterizing occupational diseases of the bronchial and pulmonary system in employees at aluminium production].

There are many harmful factors that possess a damaging impact on the body of employees at aluminum production. It leads to the development of bronchial asthma (BA), chronic nonobstructive bronchitis (CNB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pathogenesis of these disorders, as well as sensitizing effect offluorine in the aluminum production is not fully understood. The purpose of this work was to study the characteristics of laboratory indices in patients with occupational diseases of the respiratory system. In workers of aluminum production with the diagnosis of occupational diseases of respiratory system (15 patients with a diagnosis of asthma, 30 CNB cases, 20 COPD patients) we evaluated the content of total protein, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), total calcium, phosphorus, ceruloplasmin, hematological indices and performed emigration of leukocytes braking test (TTEEL). Clinical and biochemical profile ofpersons with occupational asthma was characterized by a low level of total calcium and ceruloplasmin, a high concentration of phosphorus in the blood serum and inhibition of leukocyte emigration in the test with sodium fluoride. For aluminum production CNB workers characteristic active proatherogenic process was pronounced by a decrease in the HDLC level and an increase in atherogenic index; higher hematocrit value and concentration of erythrocytes, and more than 50% of cases of sensitization to the presence of sodium fluoride. COPD cases had occupational lower average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte, total protein in serum, as well as polymorphic variant response to sodium fluoride in the form of a depression and activation of leucocytes emigration.

[The impact of the long-term exposure of industrial aerosols on clinical and functional indices of the broncho-pulmonary system in aluminum smelter workers].

It was found that the appearance of respiratory diseases among workers was established to be associated with the impact of aerosols with the complex chemical composition, exceeding corresponding MAC. Among respiratory diseases in workers there were detected predominantly chronic non-obstructive bronchitis - 59.15%, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - in 35.2% of cases. In the analysis of spirometric indices of examined patients the vast majority (76.3%) of them showed disturbances of the bronchial patency of mild to moderate degree of the pronouncement. As a result of the implementation offlexible bronchoscopy there was established the presence of a diffuse lesion of bronchi with a predominance of subatrophic and atrophic processes in the mucosa. It was found that under the increase of the concentration of HF in the air of industrial premises the probability of bronchial obstruction and deterioration of the tracheobronchial patency in aluminum smelter workers was established to elevate.