Relationship between parameters of myocardial electrical remodeling and parameters of contractile function, deformation and myocardium work in patients with chronic heart failure with low left ventricular ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation.

Aim    To compare electrocardiographic parameters and characteristics of myocardial contractility by echocardiography data in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) and atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods    The study included 66 patients with CHF and LV EF ≤40%. Electrocardiography was used to assess the QRS complex duration, QRS fragmentation, frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-Ta), and 3D vectorcardiographic parameters, including the planarity of QRS loop, and the spatial QRS-T angle (sQRS-Ta). Echocardiography assessed LV EF, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE).Results    Statistically significant correlations between electrocardiographic parameters and LV EF were not found. The presence of QRS fragmentation was associated with impaired GLS, higher GWW values, and lower GWE. A number of weak but significant correlations was observed: GLS worsened with increasing QRS duration, fQRS-Ta, and sQRS-Ta and decreasing QRS planarity index; GWW increased with increasing QRS duration; GWI, GCW, and GWE decreased as the QRS planarity index decreased. GWI decreased with increasing sQRS-Ta; GCW decreased with increasing fQRS-Ta and sQRS-Ta; GWE decreased with increasing QRS duration, fQRS-Ta and sQRS-Ta.Conclusion    Correlations were found between indicators of myocardial electrical remodeling and parameters of myocardial contractility, strain, and performance in CHF patients with low LV EF and AF. Further study of these parameters may be promising for assessing the severity of changes in myocardial structure and function in patients with various cardiovascular pathologies.

The application of Vavilov's approaches to the phylogeny and evolution of cultivated species of the genus Avena L.

The central problem that Vavilov was investigating was the overall concept of global plant genetic resources. The theoretical basis of this concept consisted of the law of homologous series in variation, research on the problem of species as a system, botanical and geographical bases of plant breeding, and the key theory of the centers of origin of cultivated plants. The VIR global collection of plant genetic resources collected by Vavilov and his associates from all over the world reflects the fullness of botanical, morphological and genetic diversity, and can be used for historical, evolutionary, phylogenetic and applied breeding research aimed at unlocking the potential of all the collection material. The whole diversity of cultivated oats, as was proved by Vavilov, had originated from segetal weeds. This process can be clearly traced in Spain on the example of the cultivated diploid species A. strigosa, A. abyssinica in Ethiopia, A. byzantina in Turkey and Iran, and on segetal forms of A. sativa. The studies of the morphological features as a whole do not yield a complete picture of the evolutionary and systematic status of some oat species and forms. The methods and approaches that use DNA markers and genomic technologies, and are promising for the study of oat polymorphism and phylogeny have been actively researched recently. A number of works devoted to the molecular aspects of the evolution and phylogeny of the genus Avena have recently appeared. The research uses various markers of genes, gene regions, intergenic spacers (internal and external), both nuclear and chloroplast and mitochondrial, genomic approaches and other modern methods. On the basis of a comprehensive study of the complete intraspecific diversity from different zones of the distribution range of cultivated oat species as well as on the basis of an analysis of data on the geography of forms and species distribution ranges, it was established that the process of hexaploid species formation also took place in the western part of the Mediterranean, and subsequently, when moving eastward, these forms started occupying all the vast spaces in the region of the Southwest Asian center, forming a large intraspecific diversity of wild forms and weedy ones in transit to cultivated hexaploid oat species. An analysis of the intraspecific diversity of landraces has specified the centers of morphogenesis of all cultivated oat species. The phylogenetic analysis of the representative intraspecific diversity of cultivated and wild Avena species carried out using next generation sequencing (NGS) showed that diploid species with A-genome variants are in fact not primary diploids, but a peculiar Mediterranean introgressive hybridization complex of species that sporadically enter into interspecific hybridization. It was established that the tetraploid cultivated species A. abyssinica had most likely originated from the wild A. vaviloviana. An analysis of the ways of A. sativa and A. byzantina domestication showed that the most widespread ribotype of the A. sativa hexaploid was inherited from A. ludoviciana, and the second most widespread one, from A. magna, while A. byzantina has two unique ribotype families, most likely inherited from an extinct oat species or a still undiscovered cryptospecies.

[Features of vectorcardiograms in patients with hypertension complicated by chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction].

AIM: To explore the features of vectorcardiograms (VCG) of patients with essential hypertension complicated by chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (CHFrLVEF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed VCGs of 70 hypertensive patients with CHFrLVEF and 275 hypertensive patients without clinical signs of CHF and with LVEF50%. We assessed the presence of rhythm and conduction disturbances, and the parameters of the synthesized VCG, i.e., module of the maximum QRS vector, planarity index of the spatial QRS loop (P/S), and spatial angle between the integral QRS and T vectors (sQRS-Ta). RESULTS: In hypertensive patients with CHF, certain conditions were detected more often as compared with hypertensive patients without CHF, i.e., atrial fibrillation (AF) in 52.9% vs 5.1%; p0.0001, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) in 38.6% vs 0.4%; p0.0001. The module of the maximum QRS vector and sQRS-Ta were significantly greater and P/S was significantly less in VCGs of patients with CHF. ROC-analysis showed that the presence of AF and LBBB just as VCG parameters assessed in this study provide clear discrimination between hypertensive patients with or without CHF both in the group as a whole and in the subgroups (1) without LBBB, (2) with sinus rhythm, and (3) with AF. sQRS-Ta was the most informative parameter (threshold 137, sensitivity 91%, specificity 92%). The P/S indicator at the optimal threshold value 0.92 was characterized by lower specificity (68%) with rather high sensitivity (79%). CONCLUSION: AF, LBBB, increased module of the maximum QRS vector and sQRS-Ta, and decreased P/S index are present in hypertensive patients with CHFrLVEF as compared with patients without CHF.

[On the history of vectorcardiography: past, present, future].

The vector concept in the analysis of the electrical signals of the heart began to be used at the dawn of the development of electrocardiology. For several decades, vectorcardiography has developed in parallel with electrocardiography; reached its peak in the 60s, and after a period of cooling experienced a resurgence since the early 90s, when it became possible to mathematically synthesize vectorcardiograms (VCG) from digital electrocardiograms in 12 leads. VCG reflects the same phenomena as electrocardiography, but allows you to calculate and visualize a number of three-dimensional characteristics of the electrical signals of the heart. The article describes the main milestones in the development of the VCG, the history of international cooperation in this area, the contribution of domestic scientists to this field of science. Modern promising areas of research related to the vector concept of the analysis of the electrical signals of the heart are briefly reflected.

[Risk of community acquired pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus: Review].

The article for the first time provides a relatively comprehensive overview of the main aspects of the epidemiology and clinical features of infectious pathology, i.e., community-acquired pneumonia, as comorbid and aggravating conditions in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors and pathogenetic patterns of infectious processes development, as well as the special etiological role of pneumococcal infection in this group of patients, are considered. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of and approaches to the primary prevention of vaccine-preventable infections as the causes of the development of community-acquired pneumonia and invasive diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus with a review of international studies, guidelines, and local experience data in pneumococcal infection immunization.

[Analysis of the clinical efficacy of vaccination against pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The article presents data on the analysis of the clinical efficacy of vaccination against pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus during a 5 years follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients (n=103) with COPD in combination with type 2 diabetes. Primary endpoints were changes dyspnea mMRC score, FEV1, number of exacerbations of COPD, hospitalizations, and a rate of pneumonia. The prognostic indices BODE, DOSE, ADO were also calculated. 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine PCV-13 and 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine PPV-23 were used for vaccination. RESULTS: It has been established that when vaccination is included in the management plan for patients with COPD in combination with diabetes, the severity of dyspnea decreases, the lung function stabilize both for short-term and 5-years follow-up. Vaccination with PCV-13 and PPV-23 reduce number of exacerbations, a rate of pneumonia and hospitalizations, but long-term efficacy has been demonstrated only for PCV-13. Vaccination with PCV-13 can improve the quality of life and prognosis for patients with COPD in combination with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION: Vaccination of pneumococcal infection in patients with COPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus can reduce the number of exacerbations, incidence of pneumonia and the number of hospitalizations, improve the prognosis and survival of patients using PCV-13 by maintaining efficacy for 5 years of follow-up.

The value of the spatial QRS-T angle for assessing the severity of heart damage in patients with arterial hypertension.

Aim      To study the relationship between clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory indexes with increased QRS-T spatial angle (sQRS-T) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH).Material and methods  The study included 160 patients with AH, 61 (38 %) men and 99 (62 %) women aged 58 [49; 67] years. Patients with ischemic heart disease or His bundle blocks were not included. Echocardiography was used to determine the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LV EDD), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), relative wall thickness (RWT), left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM), and LVMM index (LVMMI). Also, the following indexes were analyzed: office systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), disease duration, body mass index, plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, and creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate. The QRS-T spatial angle was calculated as an angle between the integral vectors QRS and T using a vectorcardiogram derived from a 12-lead digital electrocardiogram. Data are presented as median (25th percentile; 75th percentile].Results The QRS-T spatial angle for the group was 65 [43; 90]°. The QRS-T spatial angle increased with increases in the AH grade (grade 1 AH, 55 [37; 74]°; grade 2 AH, 60 [41; 82]°; grade 3 AH, 88 [62; 107]°; р<0.0001); the AH stage (stage 1, 50 [41; 77]°; stage 2, 68 [44; 93]°; stage 3, 78 [59; 110]°; р=0.0002), and the cardiovascular risk degree (low and moderate risk, 49 [37; 70]°, high risk, 62 [43; 88]° (р=0.005); very high risk, 88 [61; 117]° vs. high risk, 62 [43; 88]° (р=0.0002). The QRS-T spatial angle was greater with diabetes mellitus (78 [60; 117]°) than without it (63 [43; 89]°) (р=0.03). Weak but significant correlations were found between sQRS-T and body mass index (r=0.2; p<0.01), SBP (r=0.4; p<0.0001), DBP (r=0.2; p<0.01), LV EDD (r=0.2; p<0.01), LV PWT (r=0.3; p<0.001), IVST (r=0.3; p<0.001), LVMM (r=0.3; p<0.001), LVMMI (r=0.3; p<0.001), and blood glucose (r=0.2; p<0.01).Conclusion      In patients with AH, a large QRS-T spatial angle is related with significantly higher values of SBP and DBP, LV dimension, blood glucose, and body mass index.

[Factors associated with an increase in spatial and frontal QRS-T angles in patients with anterior myocardial infarction].

Aim    To determine existence of a relationship between any clinical, echocardiographic and coronarographic factors and increased spatial QRS-T (sQRS-T) angle and frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle in patients with anterior myocardial infarction.Material and methods    This study included 137 patients aged 62 [53; 72] years with anterior acute myocardial infarction managed at the A.L. Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology. fQRS-T was calculated as the module of difference between the frontal plane QRS complex axis and the T wave axis. sQRS-T was calculated as a spatial angle between QRS and T integral vectors from a synthesized vectorcardiogram.Results    fQRS-T values for a group (median [25th; 75th percentile]) were 81 [37; 120]°; sQRS-T values were 114 [80; 141]°. The correlation coefficient between fQRS-T and sQRS-T values was 0.41 (p<0.001). fQRS-T weakly but statistically significantly correlated with patients' age (r=0.28; p=0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF, r= -0.22; p=0.01), and glomerular filtration rate (r=-0.32; p=0.0002). sQRS-T weakly but statistically significantly correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (r=0.24; p=0.0048), LV EF (r=-0.28; p=0.0009), and the number of affected segments according to echocardiography data (r=0.27; p=0.002). fQRS-T values were significantly higher in the presence of concurrent arterial hypertension. sQRS-T values were significantly higher in the presence of a history of chronic heart failure. Both fQRS-T and sQRS-T values increased with increasing number of affected blood vessels and Killip class of acute heart failure.Conclusion    In patients after anterior acute myocardial infarction, increases in fQRS-T and sQRS-T are associated with more severe damage of the vasculature, decreased LV EF, and, thus, more severe clinical course of disease.

[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of QRS-T angle].

The angle between theQRSandTvectors reflects the consistency or inconsistency of the processes of de- and repolarization of the ventricles of the heart and is considered one of the indicators of global electrical heterogeneity of myocardium. In recent years, the prognostic value of theQRS-Tangle has been demonstrated in relation to total and cardiovascular mortality, both in the population and in various groups of patients. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are not completely clear. The review analyses studies published over the past five years on the relationship between theQRS-Tangle and mortality, as well as coronary heart disease and heart failure. Possible mechanisms for increasing theQRS-Tangle are discussed. Data are given on the use of theQRS-Tangle in diagnostic and prognostic scales, including in combination with other indicators of global electrical heterogeneity of myocardium.

[Experimental study of the effectiveness of local anesthetic activity of a new dimethylphenylacetamide-containing pharmaceutical composition in chronic periodontitis]. / Eksperimental'noe issledovanie po otsenke effektivnosti mestnoanesteziruyushchei aktivnosti novoi dimetilfenilatsetamid-soderzhashchei farmatsevticheskoi kompozitsii pri khronicheskom periodontite.

Novel anaesthetic formulation LHT-15-32 was studied. The experimental study involved 66 white mice, 15 Rana radibunda frogs and 50 male Sprague Dawley rats. Its acute intravenous and subcutaneous toxicity was determined in mice. Pain sensitivity threshold of upper second molar was determined in rats with experimental periodontitis. Oxidative stress activity and total antioxidant capacity were determined in rats' gingival mucosa by induced chemiluminescence. Tissue IL-1ß, IL-10 and TNF-a concentration was quantitatively assessed by ELISA. LHT-15-32 Na-blocking activity was studied on isolated neurons of Limnea stagnalis para-pharyngeal ganglion. Rana radibunda isolated sciatic nerve was perfused with LHT-15-32 to assess its conductivity. LHT-15-32 acute intravenous and subcutaneous toxicity was lower then that of its active substance LHT-4-00. The formulation infraorbital administration induced deep dental anaesthesia lasted longer than 70 min, activated local antioxidant defence system and decreased IL-1ß level in gingival tissue. At 10-6 to 10-3 M LHT-15-32 inhibited sciatic nerve conductivity and blocked Na+-channels of isolated neurons in dose-dependent manner. LHT-15-32 proved to be less toxic than active substance and lidocaine. The agent provides deep and prolonged anesthesia of the upper molar of rats in chronic apical periodontitis, lowers tissue concentration of pain cascade cytokines and oxidative stress activity and suppresses the action potential amplitude of a sensory nerve due to Na-blocking activity.

[Factors Associated with the Increase in Spatial and Frontal QRS-T Angles in Patients with Inferior Myocardial Infarction].

Aim      To identify clinical, echocardiographic, and angiographic factors related with an increase in the frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-T) and the spatial QRS-T angle (sQRS-T) in patients with inferior myocardial infarction.Material and methods  The study included 128 patients aged (median [25th percentile; 75th percentile]) 59.5 [51.5; 67.0] years diagnosed with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. fQRS-T was calculated as a module of difference between the QRS axis and the Т axis in the frontal plane. sQRS-T was calculated by a synthesized vectorcardiogram as a spatial angle between the QRS and Т integral vectors.Results The fQRS-T for the group was 54.0 [18; 80] and sQRS-T was 80.1 [53; 110]. The correlation coefficient for fQRS-T and sQRS-T values was 0.42 (p<0.001). Both fQRS-T >80° and sQRS-T >110° compared to their lower values were associated with a higher frequency of history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis (44% and 12 %, respectively; p<0.05), a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (51 [47; 60]% at fQRS-T >80° and 55 [50; 60]% at fQRS-T <80° (p<0,05); 49 [44; 57]% at sQRS-T >110° and 57 [51; 60] % at sQRS-T <110° (p<0.01); more frequent development of acute heart failure (16 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05); and early postinfarction angina (13 and 2 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased fQRS-T was associated with a higher incidence of damage to the circumflex artery (45 and 20 %, respectively; p<0.05). The increased sQRS-T was associated with a history of arterial hypertension (97 and 76 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic heart failure (22 and 3 %, respectively; p<0.05), chronic kidney disease (19 and 4 %, respectively; p<0.05), and a larger myocardial lesion (mean number of damaged segments by echocardiography was 3.8 [2; 6] at sQRS-T >110° and 2.6 [1; 4] at sQRS-T <110°; p<0.01). sQRS-T was significantly greater in multivascular damage (87 [68; 121]° than in one- or two-vascular damage (72 [51; 100]°; p<0.05). sQRS-T values were significantly lower with spontaneous reperfusion (66 [29; 79] than without spontaneous reperfusion (77 [55; 115]°; p<0.05).Conclusion      In patients after inferior wall acute myocardial infarction, increases in fQRS-T and sQRS-T were associated with more severe damage of coronary vasculature, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, and more severe course of disease.

The selective BDNF overexpression in neurons protects neuroglial networks against OGD and glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

Objective: Cerebral ischemia is accompanied by damage and death of a significant number of neurons due to glutamate excitotoxicity with subsequent a global increase of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective action of BDNF overexpression in hippocampal neurons against injury under ischemia-like conditions (oxygen and glucose deprivation) and glutamate-induced excitotoxicity (GluTox).Methods: The overexpression of BDNF was reached by the transduction of cell cultures with the adeno-associated (AAV)-Syn-BDNF-EGFP virus construct. Neuroprotective effects were mediated by Ca2+-dependent BDNF release followed by activation of the neuroprotective signaling cascades and changes of the gene expression. Thus, BDNF overexpression modulates Ca2+ homeostasis in cells, preventing Ca2+ overload and initiation of apoptotic and necrotic processes.Results:Antiapoptotic effect of BDNF overexpression is mediated via activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and changing the expression of PI3K, HIF-1, Src and an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. On the contrary, the decrease of expression of proapoptotic proteins such as Jun, Mapk8, caspase-3 and an inflammatory cytokine IL-1ß was observed. These changes of expression were accompanied by the decrease of quantity of IL-1ß receptors and the level of TNFα in cells in control, as well as 24 h after OGD. Besides, BDNF overexpression changes the expression of GABA(B) receptors. Also, the expression of NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits was altered towards a change in the conductivity of the receptors for Ca2+.Conclusion: Thus, our results demonstrate that neuronal BDNF overexpression reveals complex neuroprotective effects on the neurons and astrocytes under OGD and GluTox via inhibition of Ca2+ responses and regulation of gene expression.

Comparison of the integral indices of the vectorcardiogram with the data of echocardiography in patients with idiopathic and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

AIM: The aim of the work is to compare vectorcardiographic (VCG) variables - spatial QRS-T angle and electrocardiographic ventricular gradient (VG) with echocardiography (EchoCG) data in patients with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 40 patients with IPH and 40 patients with CTEPH at the age of 45±12 years, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP); the sizes of heart chambers, parameters of RV systolic and diastolic function were evaluated with EchoCG. The QRS-T and VG angles were calculated on the VCG, derived from 12-lead digital ECG. RESULTS: In all patients SPAP was greater than 40 mm Hg (mean 83±18 mm Hg), EchoCG data indicated hypertrophy and dilatation of RV, its systolic and diastolic function; dilatation of the right atrium (RA). Prognostically unfavorable changes in EchoCG were observed: the presence of pericardial effusion in 35 (44%) patients, RA area greater than 26 cm2 in 18 (23%) patients; TAPSE less than 1.5 cm in 37 (46%) patients. EchoCG and VCG variables had statistically significant differences in patients with III-IV functional class in comparison with I-II functional class. Statistically significant moderate correlations between VCG and EchoCG variables were revealed. VCG variables allowed to separate patient groups with the presence and absence of prognostically unfavorable changes in EchoCG with sensitivity from 54 to 78% and specificity from 66 to 87%. CONCLUSION: In patients with IPH and CTEPH, changes of QRS-T angle and VG correlate with SPAP, the size of RV and RA, parameters of RV systolic and diastolic function. The possibility of the use of QRS-T angle and VG for the detection of patients with prognostically unfavorable echocardiographic changes in the general group of patients with IPH and CTEPH has been shown.

[Analysis of the impact of vaccination of pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with diabetes].

AIM: The article presents data on the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of using a conjugated pneumococcal vaccine in patients with COPD in combination with 2-type diabetes during a 3-year follow - up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 309 patients with an isolated course of COPD and in combination with diabetes. The main parameters for evaluating the effectiveness were: the dynamics of clinical symptoms - shortness of breath on the mMRC scale, CAT test, FEV1, the number of exacerbations, hospitalizations, the number of pneumonia, the state of carbohydrate metabolism (HbA1c) and the lipid profile. For vaccine prevention 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine Prevenar-13 was used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The use of PСV13 helps to reduce the severity of respiratory symptoms, reduce the number and duration of exacerbations of COPD, reduce the number of pneumonia. Both in isolated course of COPD and in combination with diabetes. Vaccination PCV13 in patients with comorbid course contributes to the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism and improve the lipid profile.

[Analysis of the effectiveness of joint or sequential vaccination with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

One of the extremely important problems of managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is to prevent exacerbations. The article presents data on the clinical and economic efficiency of joint vaccine prevention of conjugate pneumococcal vaccine Prevenar 13 (PCV13) and SOVIGRIPP flu vaccine in patients with COPD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 153 patients were included in the study. They were divided into three groups. The first group (n=53) - consisted of patients who were vaccinated with PCV13. The second group (n=51) included patients who were vaccinated with PCV13 and influenza vaccine simultaneously or with an interval of not more than 2 weeks. The third group (n=49) included not vaccinated patients. The observation period is 1 year. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Combined vaccine prevention of pneumococcal conjugate and influenza vaccines reduces the degree of clinical impairment and stabilizes the main functional parameters of the respiratory system at a significantly lower level compared to monovaccination with only pneumococcal vaccine. Single - stage vaccination with PCV13 and influenza vaccine reduces the risk of adverse events in COPD, reduces the number of exacerbations associated with this hospitalization of patients and the incidence of pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Combined vaccination with the use of two vaccines minimizes the costs of the health care system. The budget savings can reach an average of 80-83% per year or up to 26 967 - 28 001 rubles per patient with COPD.

Aminoethane Sulfonic Acid Magnesium Salt Inhibits Ca2+ Entry Through NMDA Receptor Ion Channel In Vitro.

The effect of a cerebroprotective agent magnesium bis-aminoethanesulfonate (laboratory code FS-LKhT-317) on intracellular calcium concentration was studied by the fluorescent imaging technique on neuroglial cell culture from Spraque-Dawley rat hippocampus. The substance produced a pronounced inhibitory effect and suppressed NMDA receptor activity in concentrations of ≥50 µM. The observed effects were reversible or partially reversible and were detected by a decrease in Ca2+ signal amplitude in neurons in response to NMDA applications in a Mg2+-free medium and by inhibition of Ca2+ pulses in magnesium-free medium (elimination of magnesium block).

[A case of primary diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus at the age of 75 years]. / Sluchai pervichnoi diagnostiki otkrytogo arterial'nogo protoka u patsientov v vozraste 75 let.

The paper describes a case of primary diagnosis of functioning patent ductus arteriosus in a 75-year-old female patient.

A PROTECTIVE ROLE FOR MAGNESIUM 2-AMINOETHANSULFONATE IN PARACETAMOL AND ETHANOL-INDUCED LIVER INJURY IN PREGNANT RATS.

The goal: to investigate a preventive activity for novel medication magnesium 2-aminoethansulfonate in experimental hepatitis in pregnant rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study has been conducted in firs week pregnant rats with paracetamol and ethanol-induced liver injury. RESULTS: There has been found out that new domestic compound magnesium 2-aminoethansulfonate (laboratory name LBK-527) introduced daily at a dose of 28 mg/kg per os during 6 days, limits cytolysis and cholestasis caused by either paracetamol or ethanol intake in experiments in pregnant rats. Study shows that liver of the animals, that have been given LBK-527 simultaneously with either 500 mg/kg paracetamol or 10 ml/kg 40% ethanol, remains being structurally close to normal. The substance prevents acute toxic liver dystrophy and the organ's structure disintegration made by mentioned toxic agents. Having administered at a therapeutic dose LBK-527 isn't associated with faetotoxicity and embriototoxity in experiments in rats.