Endoscopic self-expandable metal stent versus endoscopy vacuum therapy for traumatic esophageal perforations: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic esophageal perforations (TEP) are a grave medical condition and require immediate intervention. Techniques such as Esophageal Self-Expandable Metal Stent (E-SEMS) and Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy (EVT) show promise in reducing tissue damage and controlling esophageal leakage. The present study aims to compare the application of EVT to E-SEMS placement in TEP. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study valuated 30 patients with TEP. The E-SEMS and EVT groups were assessed for time of hospitalization, treatment duration, costs, and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Patients treated with EVT (24.4 ± 13.2) demonstrated significantly shorter treatment duration (p < 0.005) compared to the group treated with E-SEMS (45.8 ± 12.9) and patients submitted to E-SEMS demonstrated a significant reduction (p = 0.02) in the time of hospitalization compared to the EVT (34 ± 2 vs 82 ± 5 days). Both groups demonstrated a satisfactory discharge rate (E-SEMS 93.7% vs EVT 71.4%) but did not show statistically significant difference (p = 0.3155). E-SEMS treatment had a lower mean cost than EVT (p < 0.05). Descriptive statistics were utilized, arranged in table form, where frequencies, percentages, mean, median, and standard deviation of the study variables were calculated and counted. The Fisher's Exact Test was used to evaluate the relationship between two categorical variables. To evaluate differences between means and central points, the parametric t-test was utilized. Comparisons with p value up to 0.05 were considered significant. CONCLUSION: E-SEMS showed a shorter time of hospitalization, but a longer duration of treatment compared to EVT. The placement of E-SEMS and EVT had the same clinical outcome. Treatment with E-SEMS had a lower cost compared with EVT.

Identification of Linomide Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Therapeutics using Molecular Docking Studies.

12 analogs bearing a structural similarity to Linomide, a bonafide anticancer agent were synthesized wherein cyclization of substituted dianilides rendered 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones that were subjected to a Mannich reaction to yield 4-hydroxy-3-(substituted-1-ylmethyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one analogs. Characterization was performed using IR, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and 13C NMR spectral analysis. Subsequently, in vitro anticancer studies revealed that Compound 4b showed maximum cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 1.539 µM/ml and 1.732 µM/ml against A549 and K562 cell lines respectively. This, however, is lower in comparison with standard Paclitaxel (IC50 values of 0.3 µM/ml for both cell lines). Surprisingly, docking studies at the active site of EGFRK revealed Compound 4b possessed a MolDock Score of -110.2253 that is highly comparable to the standard 4-anilinoquinazoline (MolDock Score of -112.04). Our computational and biological data thus provides an insight on the cytotoxicity of these derivatives and warrants future research that can possibly lead to the development of potent anticancer therapeutics.

Applications of Phyto-Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.

The strategies involved in the development of therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders are very complex and challenging due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a closely spaced network of blood vessels and endothelial cells that functions to prevent the entry of unwanted substances in the brain. The emergence and advancement of nanotechnology shows favourable prospects to overcome this phenomenon. Engineered nanoparticles conjugated with drug moieties and imaging agents that have dimensions between 1 and 100 nm could potentially be used to ensure enhanced efficacy, cellular uptake, specific transport, and delivery of specific molecules to the brain, owing to their modified physico-chemical features. The conjugates of nanoparticles and medicinal plants, or their components known as nano phytomedicine, have been gaining significance lately in the development of novel neuro-therapeutics owing to their natural abundance, promising targeted delivery to the brain, and lesser potential to show adverse effects. In the present review, the promising application, and recent trends of combined nanotechnology and phytomedicine for the treatment of neurological disorders (ND) as compared to conventional therapies, have been addressed. Nanotechnology-based efforts performed in bioinformatics for early diagnosis as well as futuristic precision medicine in ND have also been discussed in the context of computational approach.

The quality and inflammatory index of the diet of patients with migraine.

BACKGROUND: The association between diet and migraine has been reported in the literature, but only a few studies have evaluated whether the diet consumed by patients with migraine differs from individuals without migraine. OBJECTIVE: Herein, we aimed to investigate whether the quality and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) of diet consumed by migraine patients differ from that consumed by healthy controls. We also evaluated whether the severity of migraine and headache frequency were associated with these parameters. METHODS: Patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 65, with episodic migraine and healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Disability and impact caused by migraine and depressive symptoms were evaluated. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall and a three-day non-consecutive food record. The quality of the diet was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 adapted to the Brazilian population, and DII was calculated based on the method developed by Shivappa et al. (2014). RESULTS: Ninety patients with migraine and 62 individuals without migraine were included in this study. The groups did not differ regarding age, sex, marital status, years of schooling, anthropometric characteristics, and depressive symptoms. Patients with migraine had lower HEI total score than controls, indicating that these patients have a lower quality of the diet. Patients with migraine also had higher DII than controls. Nevertheless, HEI and DII scores did not correlate with migraine frequency and severity. CONCLUSION: This study corroborates the view that the characteristics of the diet might be involved in migraine pathophysiology.

A nearby transiting rocky exoplanet that is suitable for atmospheric investigation.

Spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets can be used to investigate their atmospheric properties and habitability. Combining radial velocity (RV) and transit data provides additional information on exoplanet physical properties. We detect a transiting rocky planet with an orbital period of 1.467 days around the nearby red dwarf star Gliese 486. The planet Gliese 486 b is 2.81 Earth masses and 1.31 Earth radii, with uncertainties of 5%, as determined from RV data and photometric light curves. The host star is at a distance of ~8.1 parsecs, has a J-band magnitude of ~7.2, and is observable from both hemispheres of Earth. On the basis of these properties and the planet's short orbital period and high equilibrium temperature, we show that this terrestrial planet is suitable for emission and transit spectroscopy.

Exploring Pharmacological Mechanisms of Essential Oils on the Central Nervous System.

Essential oils (EOs) have been traditionally used as ancient remedies to treat many health disorders due to their enormous biological activities. As mainstream allopathic medication currently used for CNS disorders is associated with adverse effects, the search to obtain safer alternatives as compared to the currently marketed therapies is of tremendous significance. Research conducted suggests that concurrent utilization of allopathic medicines and EOs is synergistically beneficial. Due to their inability to show untoward effects, various scientists have tried to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms by which these oils exert beneficial effects on the CNS. In this regard, our review aims to improve the understanding of EOs' biological activity on the CNS and to highlight the significance of the utilization of EOs in neuronal disorders, thereby improving patient acceptability of EOs as therapeutic agents. Through data compilation from library searches and electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, etc., recent preclinical and clinical data, routes of administration, and the required or maximal dosage for the observation of beneficial effects are addressed. We have also highlighted the challenges that require attention for further improving patient compliance, research gaps, and the development of EO-based nanomedicine for targeted therapy and pharmacotherapy.

Healthcare system capacity of the municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro: infrastructure to confront COVID-19 / Capacidad del sistema de salud en los municipios del estado de Río de Janeiro: infraestructura para enfrentar la COVID-19 / Capacidade do sistema de saúde nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro: infraestrutura para enfrentar a COVID-19

Abstract Considering the growing number of cases requiring emergency care as a result of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian State of Rio de Janeiro, this study focuses on mapping the health infrastructure of the municipalities of the state, comparing the Structure Efficiency Index (IEE) before (2016) and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The article fills a gap in the academic literature, informing public health policies specialists and technicians, as well as policy and decision-makers, about the capacity of municipalities to face the problem. We calculated the Structure Efficiency Index (IEE) of the states' 92 municipalities and positioned them on the pandemic curve. It was possible to verify that the government of the State of Rio de Janeiro needs to start acting to suppress COVID-19, maintaining the policy of providing more hospital beds, and purchasing equipment. However, it is also necessary to consider the particularities and deficiencies of each region, as the policy to transfer patients to places with available beds can contribute to the spread of the disease.

Resumen Considerando el número creciente de casos de atención de emergencia procedentes del SARS-CoV-2, en el estado de Río de Janeiro, este estudio se centra en el mapeo de la infraestructura de salud en los municipios de dicho estado, con el fin de informar a los especialistas, técnicos, formuladores y tomadores de decisiones de políticas de salud pública sobre la capacidad de cada localidad para enfrentar el problema. Para esto, calculamos el índice de eficiencia de estructura (IEE) colocando los 92 municipios del estado en la curva de la pandemia. Se pudo verificar que el Gobierno del Estado de Río de Janeiro debe comenzar a actuar para suprimir la COVID-19 manteniendo la política de apertura o reapertura de camas y adquisición de equipos. Sin embargo, también se deben considerar las particularidades y deficiencias de cada región, ya que la política de traslado de pacientes postrados a otras regiones con camas disponibles puede propagar la enfermedad.

Resumo Considerando um número crescente de casos de atendimento de emergência, provenientes do SARS-CoV-2, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, o presente estudo se concentra no mapeamento da infraestrutura de saúde nos municípios do Estado, comparando o Índice de Eficiência em Estrutura antes (2016) e após a pandemia da COVID-19. O artigo preenche uma lacuna acadêmica ao informar aos especialistas, técnicos, formuladores e tomadores de decisão de políticas públicas de saúde, sobre a capacidade de cada localidade para enfrentar o problema. Para isso, calculamos o Índice de Eficiência da Estrutura (IEE), alocando os 92 municípios do Estado na curva de pandemia. Foi possível verificar que o Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro precisa começar a atuar na supressão da COVID-19, mantendo a política de abertura, ou reabertura, de leitos e aquisição de equipamentos. No entanto, também é necessário considerar as particularidades e deficiências de cada região, pois a política de transferência dos acamados para outras regiões com leitos disponíveis pode espalhar a doença.

Ecotoxicological assessment of effluents from Brazilian wastewater treatment plants using zebrafish embryotoxicity test: A multi-biomarker approach.

Effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remains one of the major pollutants of aquatic environments; however, knowledge about its ecotoxic effects at fish early life stages is limited. The ecotoxicity of effluent from Brazilian WWTPs was herein analyzed based on responses of multiple biomarkers in the zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET). Ecotoxicity was analyzed based on mortality rate, hatching rate, spontaneous movement rate (neurotoxicity), heart rate (cardiotoxicity), frequency of morphological changes and morphometric parameters during 144 h exposure time. Results showed that embryos exposed to affluent and effluent presented high mortality rate and delayed hatching rate, as well as changes in morphometric parameters. Exposed embryos also showed physiological, sensory, skeletal and muscular changes, which confirms that the ecotoxic effect of WWTPs effluent is systemic and associated with the presence of several pollutants, even at low concentrations (mixture toxicity). The present study is pioneer in using responses of multiple biomarkers in ZET as suitable approach to assess the ecotoxicity of WWTPs effluent in developing countries, as well as to add value and contribute to studies on WWTPs worldwide. Zebrafish is a suitable vertebrate model to assess the ecotoxicity of WWTP effluent.

Automatic stratification of priority areas for Dengue control using the QGIS Model Builder in multicriteria analysis. / Estratificação automática de áreas prioritárias para controle da dengue utilizando o Model Builder do QGIS em uma análise multicritério.

OBJECTIVE: to present a methodological sequence resulting from multicriteria analysis indicating areas with different Aedes aegypti intervention priorities. METHODS: a Female Aedes Displacement Index (IDFAedes) was created, consolidated according to urban blocks, representing interaction between population densities, Aedes aegypti oviposition sites and dengue case notifications; a graphical model (Model Builder) was developed with QGIS software using the Kernel mapping algorithm and IDFAedes as the weighting factor. RESULTS: stratification for the evaluated example - Anápolis, GO, Brazil - indicated intervention priority levels for urban blocks - 17.5%, very low priority; 37.3%, low; 33.6%, medium; 10.2%, high; 1.4%, very high -; blocks with medium, high, and very high priority accounted for 22.53,% of the territory in the area. CONCLUSION: the spatial block method proposed in this article can be included in health surveillance programs for intensified targeting and planning of control actions.

Microbial contamination in assisted reproductive technology: source, prevalence, and cost.

Even the strictest laboratories and clinics are prone to the occurrence of microbial contamination. In the case of in vitro fertilization (IVF) research and practice facilities, the number of possible sources is particularly vast. In addition to ambient air, personnel, and non-sterilized materials, follicular fluid and semen from patients are a very common gateway for a diverse range of bacteria and fungi into embryo cultures. Even so, reports of contamination cases are rare, what leads many clinics to see the issue as a negligible risk. Microbiological contamination may result in the demise of the patient's embryos, leading to additional costs to both the patient and the clinics. Regardless of financial loss, emotional costs, and stress levels during IVF are highly distressing. Other worrisome consequences include DNA fragmentation, poor-quality embryos, early pregnancy loss or preterm birth, and possible long-term damages that need further investigation. In this review, we aimed to shed a light on the issue that we consider largely underestimated and to be the underlying cause of poor IVF outcomes in many cases. We also discuss the composition of the microbiome and how its interaction with the reproductive tract of IVF-seeking patients might influence their outcomes. In conclusion, we urge clinics to more rigorously identify, register, and report contamination occurrences, and highlight the role of the study of the microbiome to improve overall results and safety of assisted reproduction.

Índice estegômico modificado crítico: novo critério de decisão para ações de monitoramento e controle vetorial de Aedes aegypti / Modified estegomia index critical: new decision criterion for the monitoring and vector control actions of Aedes aegypti

Objetivo: Desenvolver, em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas ­ SIG e a luz da estatística espacial, um novo índice de adulto de Aedes aegypti vinculado a patamares epidemiológicos intramunicipais, para monitoramento e direcionamento modular das ações de controle desse vetor. Métodos: Efetuou-se monitoramento entomológico, de fêmeas de Aedes aegypti, utilizando-se armadilhas Adultrap® semanalmente, em 287 áreas preestabelecidas em Morrinhos-GO. Calculou-se o Índice Estegômico Modificado para Adultos, ISA. Utilizou-se a regressão espacial temporal para relacionar ISA e Notificações de Casos de Dengue. Resultados: Houve dependência espacial das ocorrências de dengue avaliado pelo Índice Global de Moran. O ISAc variou nas 287 áreas entre 4,8 fêmeas/1000 hab. e 43,9 fêmeas/1000 hab.. Conclusão: Foi proposto um novo indicador, o Índice Estegômico Modificado Crítico - ISAc. Sua adoção prevê diferentes gatilhos para ações decontrole. Esse modelo é posto como alternativa aos programas vigentes, representando patamares operacionais, com significância epidemiológica e simplicidade operacional para as ações de vigilância e controle ambiental dos vetores do complexo Aedes.

An update on the aspects of Zika virus infection on male reproductive system.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is mainly transmitted through Aedes mosquito bites, but sexual and post-transfusion transmissions have been reported. During acute infection, ZIKV is detectable in most organs and body fluids including human semen. Although it is not currently epidemic, there is a concern that the virus can still reemerge since the male genital tract might harbor persistent reservoirs that could facilitate viral transmission over extended periods, raising concerns among public health and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) experts and professionals. So far, the consensus is that ZIKV infection in the testes or epididymis might affect sperm development and, consequently, male fertility. Still, diagnostic tests have not yet been adapted to resource-restricted countries. This manuscript provides an updated overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ZIKV infection and reviews data on ZIKV persistence in semen and associated risks to the male reproductive system described in human and animal models studies. We provide an updated summary of the impact of the recent ZIKV outbreak on human-ART, weighing on current recommendations and diagnostic approaches, both available and prospective, with special emphasis on mass spectrometry-based biomarker discovery. In the light of the identified gaps in our accumulated knowledge on the subject, we highlight the importance for couples seeking ART to follow the constantly revised guidelines and the need of specific ZIKV diagnosis tools for semen screening to contain ZIKV virus spread and make ART safer.

Revisiting the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Regulatory bodies recommend inconsistent ejaculatory abstinence lengths before semen analysis. The literature exploring the effect of ejaculatory abstinence length on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of ejaculatory abstinence length on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 818 patients undergoing conventional semen analysis from October 2015 to October 2016, in a private university-affiliated IVF centre. Generalized linear models adjusted for potential confounders were used to investigate the associations between ejaculatory abstinence length and seminal parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. RESULTS: Increasing ejaculatory abstinence length was positively correlated with semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, total motile sperm count and sperm DNA fragmentation index. Significant inverse correlations were observed between ejaculatory abstinence length and fertilization rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate. A discriminant analysis showed a mean ejaculatory abstinence length in the positive pregnancy group of 3.14 ± 1.64 days and 4.83 ± 3.66 days in the negative pregnancy group. A cut-off point was established halfway between ejaculatory abstinence length averages, at 4 days. The ejaculatory abstinence ≤4 days group showed significant lower semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count and total motile sperm count compared to ejaculatory abstinence > 4 days group. The ejaculatory abstinence ≤ 4 days group showed significant lower sperm DNA fragmentation index, and higher rates of fertilization, high-quality embryos on day 3, blastocyst development, implantation and pregnancy compared to ejaculatory abstinence > 4 days group. The implantation rate was significantly higher and the pregnancy rate tended to be higher with one day of ejaculatory abstinence, compared to 2-4 days of ejaculatory abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Ejaculatory abstinence periods of >4 days have a detrimental effect on sperm DNA and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. One day of ejaculatory abstinence significantly improves implantation rate and tends to increase pregnancy rate, compared to 2, 3 and 4 days of ejaculatory abstinence.

Partial resistance of soybean lines to asian rust and white mold / Resistência parcial de linhagens de soja à ferrugem asiática e mofo branco

Soybean Asian rust and white mold stand out to cause great problems to soybean producing regions in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the partial resistance of soybean lines to Asian rust and white mold. In order to assess the resistance of soybean to Asian rust, 19 early maturing soybean lines were used in an experiment in a greenhouse. Four severity evaluation were carried and the area under the disease progress curve was calculated. The productivity of those lines was evaluated in the field. In a second experiment, the resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was assessed under greenhouse conditions. When the plants were in the V2 stage, the inoculation was carried by cutting the main stem and inserting a ferrule containing the fungal mycelium. Seventeen soybean lines and the controls Emgopa 316 and Nidera RR 7255 were evaluated. The averages were grouped by the Scott Knott test by using the software Assistat. The lines L203 and L279 showed partial resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi and good productivity. The inoculation method was efficient in assessing the resistance to S. sclerotiorum. The lines L203, L268, L266, L226, L144 and L267 were resistant to the infection of S. sclerotiorum.

A Ferrugem Asiática e o Mofo-Branco da soja se destacam por causar grandes problemas em regiões produtoras de soja do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistência parcial de linhagens de soja à ferrugem asiática e ao mofo branco da soja. Para avaliação da resistência à ferrugem asiática da soja foram utilizadas 19 linhagens de ciclo precoce em ensaio em casa de vegetação. Foram realizadas quatro avaliações de severidade e calculada a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença. Avaliou-se a produtividade dessas mesmas linhagens a campo. Em um segundo ensaio, avaliou-se a resistência à S. sclerotiorum em casa de vegetação. Quando as plantas estavam em V2 realizou-se a inoculação através do corte da haste principal e inserção de ponteira contendo o micélio do fungo. Foram avaliadas 18 linhagens de soja e duas testemunhas, Emgopa 316 e Nidera RR 7255. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott Knott, através do Assistat. As linhagens L203 e L279 demonstraram resistência parcial à P. pachyrhizi e apresentaram boa produtividade. O método de inoculação mostrou-se eficiente na avaliação da resistência à S. sclerotiorum. As linhagens L203, L268, L266, L226, L144, L267 mostraram-se resistentes à infecção por S. sclerotiorum.

Sperm morphological normality under high magnification is correlated to male infertility and predicts embryo development.

Human sperm morphology has been described as an essential parameter for the diagnosis of male infertility and a prognostic indicator of natural or assisted pregnancies. Nevertheless, standard morphological assessment remains a subjective analysis and its impact on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is also of limited value. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to investigate whether motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME) can improve semen analysis by better defining male infertility and providing a better prognosis for ICSI up to a year later. Data were obtained from 483 patients undergoing conventional semen analysis from June 2015 to June 2017 in a private university-affiliated in vitro fertilization (IVF) center. The correlation of MSOME with seminal parameters was evaluated. One hundred and thirty patients underwent ICSI up to a year later, and the correlation between MSOME and ICSI outcomes was established. Except for volume, all seminal parameters were positively correlated with MSOME I+II. MSOME was also distinct between World Health Organization (WHO) classification groups, with normozoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic presenting the higher and the lower proportion of MSOME I+II, respectively. MSOME I+II was prognostic for fertilization rate, high-quality cleavage-stage embryos rate, and blastocyst rate. The normality cutoff value based on blastocyst rate was MSOME I+II≥ 5.5%. MSOME could be a useful tool for the diagnosis of infertility severity as it is correlated with sperm morphology, motility, and concentration. Men who had higher MSOME I+II had better ICSI outcomes. The future use of MSOME as a routine method for semen analysis may be a reliable form of assessing male infertility.

Decline in sperm count in European men during the past 50 years.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the sperm concentration of European men is deteriorating over the past 50 years of time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed the data published in English language articles in the past 50 years in altering sperm concentration in European men. RESULTS: A time-dependent decline of sperm concentration ( r = -0.307, p = 0.02) in the last 50 years and an overall 32.5% decrease in mean sperm concentration was noted. CONCLUSION: This comprehensive, evidence-based meta-analysis concisely presents the evidence of decreased sperm concentration in European male over the past 50 years to serve the scientific research zone related to male reproductive health.

Sarcoma de Kaposi no trato gastrintestinal alto em paciente infectado por HIV / Upper gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-infected patient

Introdução: o Sarcoma de Kaposi (SK) é a neoplasia mais comum em portadores da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (SIDA). É raro o acometimento exclusivo do trato gastrointestinal por essa afecção, ocorrendo em 3,5% dos casos. O objetivo desse estudo é relatar o caso de um paciente portador de SIDA com anemia e vômitos, diagnosticado com SK gastrointestinal. Relato de caso: paciente do gênero masculino, 29 anos, foi admitido no Hospital Universitário (HU/UFPI) devido a sintomas inespecíficos com 1 mês de evolução. Paciente tinha antecedente pessoal de retrovirose. Para investigação dos sintomas, o paciente realizou endoscopia digestiva alta que revelou lesões violáceas sésseis de antro gástrico e duodeno. A análise histopatológica constatou fragmentos de mucosa gástrica e entérica exibindo, em lâmina própria, proliferação de capilares sanguíneos em fenda, células fusiformes atípicas com núcleos hipercromáticos e extravasamento de hemácias. O estudo imuno-histoquímico mostrou que as células neoplásicas expressaram o antígeno nuclear latente-1 do herpesvírus humano 8 (HHV8 LNA1; clone LN53, diluição 1:25, Diagnostic Biosystems, Pleasanton, CA) em padrão nuclear, confirmando o diagnóstico de SK. Em decorrência de múltiplas complicações e agravamento clínico, o paciente foi a óbito após 15 dias da admissão. Discussão e Conclusão: incidência de SK gastrointestinal é subestimada. Estômago, duodeno e o trato biliar são os locais mais comumente acometidos. A detecção do HHV-8 por imuno-histoquímica é uma ferramenta útil, especialmente na lesão inicial em que o caráter neoplásico não é evidente. A mortalidade dos pacientes com SK gastrointestinal exclusivo é significantemente maior em relação aos que não têm esse tipo de acometimento. Tal fato pode explicar o prognóstico reservado do paciente relatado no presente caso.

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common malignancy in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It is rare the exclusive involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by this condition, occurring in 3.5% of cases. The aim of this study is to report the case of an HIV-infected patient with anemia and vomiting diagnosed with gastrointestinal KS. Case report: a 29-year-old male patient admitted to the University Hospital (HU/UFPI) due to non-specific symptoms with one month of evolution. He had personal history of retrovirus. To research the symptoms, the patient underwent upper endoscopy that revealed sessile purplish lesions of gastric antrum and duodenum. Histopathological analysis found gastric and enteric mucosa fragments exhibiting in lamina propria proliferation of blood capillaries with formation of slit like spaces, atypical spindle cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and extravasation of red blood cells. Immunohistochemical study showed that tumor cells expressed human herpesvirus 8 latent nuclear antigen-1 (HHV-8 LNA1; clone LN53, dilution 1:25, Diagnostic Biosystems, Pleasanton, CA) in nuclear pattern, confirming the diagnosis of KS. Because of multiple complications and clinical worsening, the patient died after 15 days of admission. Discussion and Conclusion: the incidence of gastrointestinal KS is underestimated. Stomach, duodenum and biliary tract are the most commonly affected sites. The detection of HHV-8 for immunohistochemistry is a useful tool, particularly in the initial lesion in which the neoplastic character is not evident. The mortality of patients with exclusive gastrointestinal KS is significantly higher than those who do not have that involvement. This may explain the poor prognosis of the patient reported in this case.

Serum protein concentration in low-dose total body irradiation of normal and malnourished rats.

Among the radiotherapeutics' modalities, total body irradiation (TBI) is used as treatment for certain hematological, oncological and immunological diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of low-dose TBI on plasma concentration of total protein and albumin using prematurely and undernourished rats as animal model. For this, four groups with 9 animals each were formed: Normal nourished (N); Malnourished (M); Irradiated Normal nourished (IN); Irradiated Malnourished (IM). At the age of 28 days, rats of the IN and IM groups underwent total body gamma irradiation with a source of cobalt-60. Total protein and Albumin in the blood serum was quantified by colorimetry. This research indicates that procedures involving low-dose total body irradiation in children have repercussions in the reduction in body-mass as well as in the plasma levels of total protein and albumin. Our findings reinforce the periodic monitoring of total serum protein and albumin levels as an important tool in long-term follow-up of pediatric patients in treatments associated to total body irradiation.

Promoção à saúde do homem na atenção primária à saúde: um relato de experiência / Men's Health promotion in primary care: an experience report

Objetiva-se relatar a experiência de uma proposta que integra ensino ao serviço para a promoção da saúde do homem trabalhador. Essa ação foi proposta por discentes, docente da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia e uma equipe de saúde da família no município de Santo Antônio de Jesus − BA. A ação foi desenvolvida em etapas; inicialmente, houve uma apropriação do mapa da área adstrita e o reconhecimento da área para levantamento do perfil produtivo, o que permitiu a definição de um itinerário de visitas a estabelecimentos de trabalho. A execução do projeto no território se deu a partir da visita aos estabelecimentos de trabalho por microárea para a ação de promoção à saúde e redução de danos e, no outro dia, visita aos mesmos estabelecimentos para avaliação e atualização do cartão vacinal. Para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, foram selecionados temas e modo de abordagem, e após amadurecimento da discussão entre docente, discentes e trabalhadores de saúde, foram listados os subtemas: prevenção de acidentes laborais, acidentes automobilísticos, condutas básicas em caso de acidentes, saúde sexual e reprodutiva e testagem rápida para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, redução de danos, alimentação saudável, atividade física versus sedentarismo, uso de anabolizantes e calendário vacinal de adulto, apresentados sob a forma de álbum seriado. Foram realizadas visitas a oficinas, metalúrgicas, bares, lava-jatos, mercados, marcenarias, construções, pontos de mototáxi e fábricas. Estima-se que 50 homens com idades entre 18 a 56 anos participaram dos momentos educativos e 23 pessoas foram vacinadas. A experiência ensino-serviço proporcionou o desenvolvimento de estratégias para incluir os homens nas ações de promoção da saúde, alertando trabalhadores/empregadores sobre os potenciais riscos laborais bem como outros aspectos da saúde.

The aim of this work is to report the experience with a proposal that integrates teaching and university extension project for the promotion of worker men's health. This action was proposed by professors and nursing students of Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, and a family health team in Santo Antônio de Jesus - BA. The action was developed in stages. Initially, there was a familiarization with the map of ancillary area, and area recognition to know the production profile, which allowed the definition of an itinerary of visits to work establishments. The project execution in the territory occurred from the visit to work establishments per micro area; for the health promotion action and damage reduction, and in the next day, visit to the same establishments for evaluation and immunization record updating. For the teaching-learning process, themes and approach mode were selected, and after the ripening of discussion among professors, students and health workers, the subthemes were listed: industrial accidents prevention, traffic accidents, basic conducts in accident cases, sexual and reproductive health, rapid testing for sexually transmitted infections, damage reduction, healthy alimentation, physical activity versus sedentary lifestyle, use of anabolic steroids and adult immunization schedule. They were presented in the serialized album format. Visits were made in workshops, metallurgical plants, bars, car washes, markets, cabinetmaking, construction sites, motorcycle taxi stands and factories. It is estimated that 50 men between 18-56 years old, participated in the education moments and 23 people were vaccinated. The teaching-extension experience provided development of strategies of men inclusion on health promotion actions, alerting workers and employers about the potential risks at work, as well as others health aspects.