[Emission tomography in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease]. / Emissionnaia tomografiia v diagnostike ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was made at rest and during bicycle ergometer exercise to diagnose coronary heart disease (CHD), to define the site and extent of left ventricular aneurysms, and to determine the compensatory potentialities of coronary circulation, to evaluate the efficiency of drug therapy. This was performed on a two-detector emission tomograph by using 99mTc. The data obtained were processed by two protocols: 1) tomographic heart specimens and 2) large protruding eye. In patients with a questionable diagnosis, the method evidenced stenotic coronary arteries in 60% of cases and exclude coronary abnormality. In CHD patients, exercise testing could reveal the extent of resting perfusion defects and new defects, i.e. define the reserve potentialities of coronary circulation, which is of great prognostic value. The site and extent of lesions were specified in extensive myocardial cicatricial lesions and left ventricular aneurysms.

[Significance of a complex of laboratory methods of study in the differential diagnosis of various forms of bronchial asthma]. / Znachenie kompleksa laboratornykh metodov issledovaniia v differentsial'noi diagnostike razlichnykh form bronkhial'noi astmy.

The changes of serum crystallograms and peripheral erythrocytes morphology were studied in 104 patients. Nonspecific immunity was evaluated by means of monocytes count, succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities in peripheral lymphocytes. The revealed differences in crystallograms, erythrocytes morphology can be applied as other laboratory methods to differential diagnosis of various forms of bronchial asthma and to assessment of remission and exacerbation of the disease.

[The clinical aspects of using plasmapheresis in sepsis]. / Klinicheskie aspekty primeneniia plazmafereza pri sepsise.

The rise of the sepsis incidence at therapeutic hospitals, the emergence of new forms and evolutionally new mechanisms of infection, insufficient efficacy of antibacterial therapy necessitate the search of novel approaches to the treatment of sepsis. The use of plasmapheresis (PP) in 27 sepsis patients allowed a two-fold reduction of the lethality as compared to that in the control group. The main mechanisms by which PP acts may involve deblockade of the system of phagocytosing mononuclears, enhancement of the efficacy of antibacterial therapy, protective action on the system of natural detoxication of the body.

[Comparison of cardiospecific enzyme activity in the blood in the acute period of myocardial infarction and in unstable stenocardia]. / Sopostavlenie dinamiki aktivnosti kardiospetsificheskikh fermentov krovi v ostrom periode infarkta miokarda i pri nestabil'noi stenokardii.

The fact that the pattern of blood enzymes (CPK, MB CPK, GOT, LDG, LDG-1 and LDG-2) and ratios thereof (CPK/GOT, CPK/LDG, LDG-1/LDG-2) is similar in acute unstable angina to that of myocardial infarction is suggestive of possible myocardial involvement, which is however associated with a smaller ischemic focus.

[Determination of the size of a myocardial infarct by the technic of single-photon emission computer tomography]. / Opredelenie razmerov infarkta miokarda metodom odnofotonnoi émissionnoi komp'iuternoi tomografii.

A study of 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction verified by clinical, laboratory and electrocardiographic data made use of single-photon emission computered tomography, a new radiodiagnostic method for the assessment of the extent of myocardial lesion. Its findings were compared with cardiospecific enzyme activity data and showed good correlation. The new technique was found to be more informative as compared to plane scintigraphy. Possibilities of single-photon emission computered tomography are discussed with reference to the diagnosis of acute infarction at different sites and showing different radionuclide inclusion patterns.

[Single-photon emission computed tomography with 201Tl in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease]. / Odnoprotonnaia émissionnaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia s 201Tl v diagnostike ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

One hundred and thirty-six patients with CHD were examined by plane scintigraphy and single-photon emission computer-aided tomography (SPECT). The control group comprised 26 healthy persons. Two SPECT techniques were compared (gamma-chamber rotation at 360 and 180 degrees). In acute myocardial infarction, focal defects of perfusion were detected by SPECT in 36 out of 39 patients, those by plane scintigraphy in 30 patients. In angina pectoris patients, perfusion alterations were detected by SPECT and scintigraphy in 91.6 and 75% of cases, respectively. During tomographic examination of patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, the perfusion defects were revealed in 38 out of 42 patients, whereas during plane scintigraphy, such alterations were detected but in 31 patients. The advantages of SPECT and its high importance for diagnosing different patterns of CHD are discussed. It is recommended that SPECT and plane scintigraphy can be used combined in clinical practice.

[Use of nitroglycerin in the treatment of patients with myocardial infarct]. / Isopol'zovanie nitroglitserina pri lechenii bol'nykh infarktom miokarda.

The effect of the intravenous administration of nitroglycerin on the general course of myocardial infarction as well as on such syndromes as acute left ventricular insufficiency, progressive congestive cardiac failure and the recurring painful syndrome was studied. The assessment of the effect of the drug was carried out in relation to its capacity to limit the extension of myocardial infarction and regulate the blood supply to the organs. The data on the frequency and nature of side-effects following nitroglycerin administration are presented. The conclusion is drawn as to the advisability of the drug employment in patients in the acute period of myocardial infarction when it is indicated as well as on the necessity of predicting adverse hemodynamic response to nitroglycerin with the help of suggested diagnostic tests.

[Use of Hyperstat for arresting hypertensive crises]. / Primenenie giperstata dlia kupirovaniia gipertonicheskikh krizov.

The indices of central hemodynamics were determined in 112 patients with hypertensive disease during a crisis and in its arrest with hyperstat by means of integral rheography. The condition of the sympatheticoadrenal and kallikrein-kinin systems was studied. It was found that hyperstat normalizes arterial pressure in 5--6 minutes by reducing the initially increased general peripheral resistance and increasing the blood stroke and minute volumes as well as by reducing the content of adrenaline. The indices of the blood kallikrein-kinin system showed a tendency to return to normal values 24 hours after hyperstat administration. The drug caused no complications, only in two patients deterioration of myocardial blood supply was noted. The authors claim that hyperstat is a highly effective agent for arresting hypertensive crises.