Correlation of nucleotides and carbohydrates metabolism with pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems of erythrocytes depending on age in patients with colorectal cancer.

AIM: To examine the relationship between metabolic features of purine nucleotides and antioxidant system depending on the age of patients with colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The activity of adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the NOx concentration and the oxidative modification of proteins were determined spectrophotometricaly in 50 apparently healthy people and 26 patients with colorectal cancer stage -III---IV, aged 40 to 79 years. RESULTS: Increase of pro-oxidant system of erythrocytes with the age against decrease in level of antioxidant protection in both healthy individuals and colorectal cancer patients was determined. A significant increase of pro-ducts of oxidative proteins modification in erythrocytes with ageing was shown. Statistically significant correlation between enzymatic and non enzymatic markers pro-oxidant system and the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes in erythrocytes of patient with colorectal cancer was determined. CONCLUSION: Obtained results have demonstrated the imbalance in the antioxidant system of erythrocytes in colorectal cancer patients that improve the survival of cancer cells that is more distinctly manifested in ageing.

Activity of thymidilate "salvage pathway" enzymes in human gastric cancer and blood serum: correlation with treatment modalities.

UNLABELLED: A comparative study of enzyme activity features of thymidilate "salvage pathway" synthesis in blood serum and tissues of different age patients with gastric cancer (T(3-4)N(0-x)M(0)) was carried out. AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic relevance of thymidilate metabolism enzymes activities and their association with tumor growth. METHODS: Enzymes activities were determined by the radioisotope method and spectrophotometrically in tumor tissues and blood serum of 74 patients. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that thymidine phosphorylase activity in gastric tumors is lower by 2.6 times as compared to non-neoplastic mucosa of resection margin. This being accompanied by decrease of its activity in the blood serum (from 47.9 ± 2.6 to 14.65 ± 2.4 nmol/min·mg, p < 0.001). An increase of thymidine kinase activity was revealed both in tumor tissues (more than 3.5 times) and in blood serum (from 3.9 ± 0,7 nmol/mg·h, to 6.8 ± 1.0 nmol/mg·h, p < 0.01). Changes in their activity in the postoperative period depended on the type of surgical procedure and tumor eradication. CONCLUSION: It could be suggested that control of individual dynamics of the enzymes activities in blood serum may be used as informative tool for monitoring of patients and treatment optimization.

[Lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity of blood and tissues in breast cancer].

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity was analyzed in the blood serum, primary tumor and adjacent uninvolved breast tissues from 49 women with adenocarcinoma and from 10 ones with benign adenofibroma. The LDH activity was increased in both cancerous and adjacent tissues. Serum LDH level reflects cell membrane alterations not only in the tumor node cells but also to a greater extent--in the surrounding unmalignant tissues. The discovered changes in nucleosides catabolic enzyme's activity in patients with breast cancer are correlated with LDH activity and its level in the blood serum.

[Disturbed metabolism of gastric mucosa DNA precursors as prognosticator of neoplastic transformation of gastric ulcer].

Levels were assayed and compared of metabolic enzymes--thymidine and adenosine--in gastric mucosa tissues and blood serum from patients with gastric ulcer disease and gastric cancer (age--30-60 yrs). Enzymatic levels matched to the highest degree in cases of ulcer disease aggravated by chronic atrophic gastritis and precancerous alterations (dysplasia, metaplasia). Elevated concentrations of thymidine kinase and phosphorylase and adenosine desaminase were identified both at foci of ulceration (p > 0.001, p > 0.05, respectively) and in blood serum in all age brackets. Moreover, blood serum assay confirmed the view that changes in serum enzyme levels are suggestive of those in tissue enzymatic profile. Our data established a direct correlation between accumulated effect of level changes, on the one hand, and risk of neoplastic transformation of gastric mucosa in ulcer patients, on the other.

[The role of enzymatic features of hypoxia in ulcers]. / Rol' fermentativnoi osobennosti gipoksii pri iazvennoi bolezni.

In the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer, development of tissue hypoxia holds a prominent place. Its timely detection and medicamentous correction necessitates development of criteria for its diagnosis. A study was made of activity of the key enzymes of glycolysis and purine metabolism lactatdehydrogenase and adenosinedesaminase in tissues, erythrocytes, and blood plasma in patients with peptic ulcer both in its uncomplicated course and in development of complications. Correlation has been established between activity of enzymes and severity of the illness. Changes in activity of enzymes will, we believe, be helpful in diagnosing hypoxic states and disturbances in the immunological vigor underlying the ulceration.

[Metabolism of adenosine and thymidine in healthy females of different ages and females with mastopathies]. / Metabolizm adenozynu ta tymidynu v orhanizmi zdorovykh ta khvoryk na mastopatiiu zhinok riznoho viku.

The activity of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase of AMP was studied in tissues of 39 healthy females, as well as blood serum and lymphocytes of 60 healthy females, as well as in 50 patients with fibrocavernous mastopathy aged as 23-70. Comparative determination of adenosine metabolism enzymes activity in lymphocytes was carried out simultaneously with studying some immunological indexes in the organism of the same-aged healthy females and ones with mastopathy. It was revealed that age-related changes in the activity of thymidine kinase in blood serum reflected the analogous changes in enzyme activity in tissues of the healthy women. A direct correlation was established between thymidine kinase activity and age both in the healthy females and those with mastopathy. A significant decrease in activity of thymidine phosphorylase was demonstrated in blood serum of the patients with mastopathy in the age 46-60. Determined 4-fold increase in the activity of adenosine deaminase in serum was accompanied by decreased enzyme activity in lymphocytes and decreased Lymphocyte Blast Transformation Index in the same age range. Changes of immunological status are more expressed in T-system of immunity. The revealed metabolic changes in DNA-precursors metabolism in the patients with mastopathy aged as 46-60 might be one of the reasons of increased risk of oncological disease in this age group.

[Age-related changes in metabolism of DNA precursors in patients with mastopathy]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti metabolizma predshestvennikov DNK u bol'nykh mastopatiei.

The activity of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotedase of AMP was studied in tissues, blood serum and lymphocytes of 60 healthy females and 50 females with fibrocavernous mastopathy aged 23-70. It was revealed that age-related changes in the activity of thymidine kinase in blood serum reflect the analogous changes in enzyme activity in tissues of healthy women. A direct correlation was established between thymidine kinase activity and age both in healthy females and those with mastopathy. A significant decrease in activity of thymidine phosphorylase was demonstrated in blood serum of patients with mastopathy aged 46-60. Determined 4-fold increase in activity of adenosine deaminase in serum was accompanied by decreased enzyme activity in lymphocytes and decreased Lymphocyte Blast Transformation Index in the same age range. The revealed metabolic changes in DNA-precursors' metabolism in patients with mastopathy aged 46-60 might be one of the reasons of increased risk of oncological diseases in this age group.

[Use of the study of DNA metabolism enzyme activities as a test system in the treatment of breast cancer]. / Ispol'zovanie dinamiki aktivnosti fermentov metabolizma DNK v kachestve test-sistemy pri lechenii raka molochnoi zhelezy.

Blood serum activities of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, and 5'-nucleotidase were measured in normal women, women suffering from mastopathies and mammary carcinomas, aged 36 to 70. Blood serum activities of the studied enzymes in mammary carcinoma patients differed from these values in healthy women and those suffering from mastopathies; these differences were age-associated. Measurements of the time course of enzymic activities before and in the course of chemotherapy may be employed as a biochemical test to monitor therapy efficacy.

[Use of enzyme test in chemotherapy of patients with cancer of the breast]. / Ispol'zovanie fermentativnogo testa pri khimioterapii bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

The activity of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, AMP 5'-nucleotidase was assessed in the serum of healthy females, patients with mastopathia cystica and those with stage IIIB breast cancer. The females age ranged from 23 to 70 years. The activity of the enzymes had significant differences in cancer patients. Minimal thymidine phosphorylase activity was found to suggest fibrous cancer. Changes in the enzymes levels in cancer patients on combined treatment may serve a biochemical test indicating the efficacy of the chemotherapy conducted.

[Age-dependent characteristics of metabolism of DNA precursors in healthy women, patients with mastopathy and breast cancer]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti metabolizma predshestvennikov DNK v organizme zdorovykh zhenshchin, bol'nykh mastopatiei i rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Activities of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase of AMP were studied in blood serum and lymphocytes of healthy women, patients with mastopathy and with mammary gland cancer of 23-70 years old. Age-dependent alterations in the enzymatic activity were detected in blood serum of healthy women. Activity of thymidine kinase was increased simultaneously with a decrease in thymidine phosphorylase activity in 36-70 years old oncological patients, while adenosine deaminase activity was increased in patients with mastopathy and with mammary gland cancer of all the age groups. Dynamics of the enzymatic activity studied before and during chemotherapeutic treatment may be used as one of biochemical tests for evaluation of the therapy efficiency in oncological patients.

[The dynamics of the enzymatic activity of DNA metabolism during the treatment of stomach cancer patients]. / Dinamika aktivnosti fermentov metabolizma DNK v protsesse lecheniia bol'nykh bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

The activity of thymidine kinase was found to be distinctly elevated while the activity of thymidine phosphorylase was markedly reduced in the blood serum of patients with gastric cancer. The dynamics of enzymatic activity depended on the form of surgical intervention. In patients undergoing chemotherapy positive effects were observed in those with a high initial activity of thymidine phosphorylase. This enzyme test is recommended for determination of treatment efficiency and prognosis of the course of the disease.

[Activity of the enzymes of DNA metabolism in the blood of patients with breast cancer]. / Aktivnost' fermentov metabolizma DNK v syvorotke krovi bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Age-related changes in the activity of thymidine- and adenosine-metabolizing enzymes were studied in healthy females and those with breast cancer aged 46-70 years. A significant increase in activity of thymidine kinase, adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase and a decrease in that of thymidine phosphorylase were registered in blood serum of breast cancer patients of all age brackets. Adenosine deaminase activity in blood serum and lymphocytes of breast cancer patients was found to significantly change after surgery. A direct correlation was established between pretreatment thymidine phosphorylase activity and histological type of tumor, on the one hand and results of chemotherapy, on the other. The applicability of enzyme level assay for evaluating response to pre- and postoperative medication was studied.

[Activity of adenosine and thymidine metabolism enzymes in the blood of cancer patients of various ages]. / Aktivnost' fermentov obmena adenozina i timidina v krovi onkologicheskikh bol'nykh raznogo vozrasta.

The activity of metabolic enzymes, adenosine and thymidine, has been studied in the blood serum and lymphocytes of healthy people and oncological patients aged 23-80. An increase in the activity of thymidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.2), an enzyme of thymidine biosynthesis, was observed in the blood serum of oncological patients against a background of a sharp decrease in the activity of thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4), a catabolic enzyme. The revealed enzymic shifts have been observed in breast cancer patients after 36, in patients with the stomach cancer--after 46. It is found that an increase in the activity of adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4) and 5-nucleotidase of AMP (EC 3.1.3.5) in the blood serum of oncological patients is accompanied by a sharp decrease in the activity of these enzymes in lymphocytes.

[Changes in the activities of enzymes of metabolism of DNA precursors in peptic ulcer and cancer of the stomach]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti fermentov metabolizma predshestvennikov DNK pri iazvennoi bolezni i rake zheludka.

Comparative assessment of the remote results of Hoffmeister-Finsterer gastrectomy with creation of valve anastomoses has demonstrated rare occurrence of postoperative complications owing to anastomoses. The operation is simple as concerns operative techniques and can be recommended as operation of choice in the treatment of peptic ulcer.

[The enzymatic activity of DNA metabolism of the blood in patients operated on in stomach cancer]. / Aktivnost' fermentov metabolizma DNK v krovi u bol'nykh, operirovannykh po povodu raka zheludka.

The study was concerned with comparison of the activity of thymidine kinase, thymidine phosphorylase, adenosine desaminase and AMP 5'-nucleotidase in serum of cancer patients and healthy subjects. A significant change in 5'-nucleotidase level was registered in patients over 60 years of age and in those of adenosine desaminase and thymidine phosphorylase in patients older than 70 years. A comparative evaluation of the activity of those enzymes showed an increase in thymidine kinase activity matched by a sharp drop in that of thymidine phosphorylase in patients over 45 years. A sharp increase in the activity of adenosine metabolizing enzymes in cancer serum was accompanied by its decrease in lymphocytes. Among surgical patients, significant changes in the activity were observed in radically operated cases only.

[Comparative characteristics of the activity of enzyme systems for nitrogen metabolism in the liver of human fetuses during embryogenesis]. / Sravnitel' naia kharakteristika aktivnosti fermentnykh sistem azotistogo obmena v pecheni plodov cheloveka v protsesse émbriogeneza.

The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ES 2.6.1.2), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) and monoaminoxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) in the liver nuclei and mitochondria of human fes rises gradually beginning from the early periods of the antenatal development till birth and reaches the highest value in the last month of the fetus intra-uterine life. The monoaminoxidase activity is found in the liver nuclei of 21-32-week human feti. The activity of RNase (EC 2.7.7.16) and DNase (EC 3.1.4.5) in the liver nuclei is 10 and 15 times as low, respectively, by the 40th week of development, and 1.5 times as low in mitochondria.

[Enzymes of anabolic and catabolic nucleic acid pathways in human hepatomas, in liver of healthy persons, and in liver of patients with cancer of gastrointestinal tract]. / Nekotorye fermenty anabolizma i kataboliza nukleinovykh kislot v normal'noi pecheni cheloveka, pri gepatotselliuliarnom rake i v pecheni bol'nykh s opukholiami zheludochno -kishechnogo trakta.

The activities of enzymes catalyzing the formation of nucleic acid precursors, nucleoside kinases, as well as of those involved in the degradation of nucleic acids, were studied in nuclei of the liver of healthy persons, human hepatomas and the liver of patients with cancer of gastrointestinal tract. The activities of thymydine kinase and uridine kinase in the human hepatoma nuclear sap were found to increase 40- to 50-fold and 120- to 150-fold, respectively, as compared to those in normal human liver. The activities of DNase and RNase in the fraction of chromatin protein of human hepatomas, on the contrary, decreased almost to zero. As to the liver of patients with cancer of gastrointestinal tract, drastic alterations in the activities of nucleoside kinases and nucleases in the direction characteristic of tumors themselves were observed. This phenomenon is regarded as a manifestation of the systemic effects of the tumor on the host.

[Action of deoxyadenosine on nucleic acid synthesis by tumor cells in the presence of a deaminase inhibitor]. / Deistvie dezoksiadenozina na sintez nukleinovykh kislot opukholevykh kletok v prisutstvii ingibitora dezaminazy

Deoxyadenosine, which was phosphorylated to dATP, inhibited DNA synthesis in malignant cells. However, on incubation of the substance in vitro with Zaidela ascites hepatoma cells the inhibitory effect was gradually decreased due to dephosphorylation of dATP and to deamination of deoxyadenosine to deoxyinosine. In order to prolong the inhibition of nucleic acids synthesis, N-6-methyl adenosine, which was recognized as an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, was added to the cells. Optimal inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed in presence of deoxyadenosine and N-6-methyl adenosine at 1 with 10-minus 3 M concentration. Addition of N-6-methyl adenosine, after incubation with deoxyadenosine within 2 hrs, caused more prolonged inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis than it was observed in presence of deoxyadenosine.