Polyhydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxydodecanoate produced by Burkholderia contaminans IPT553.

AIMS: In this paper, we introduce a new Burkholderia contaminans capable of producing a newly characterized polymer. METHODS AND RESULTS: CG-MS and magnetic nuclear resonance 1 H and 13 C were used to determine the constitution of polymers produced in glucose, glucose with casein, sucrose and sucrose with casein. Three pairs of primers were used to find the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) synthase class and sequence. The synthesized polymers were composed by short-chain length PHA (scl-PHA), especially polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and medium chain length PHA (mcl-PHA), especially polyhydroxydodecanoate (PHDd), and their concentration, constitution and molecular weight depend on carbon source used. The bacterium showed only class I synthase which could not explain the mcl-PHA production. CONCLUSIONS: Burkholderia contaminans has a class I PHA synthase and produces PHB combined to PHDd when cultivated in sucrose or glucose, and PHDd concentration is affected when casein is used. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: PHA are natural polymers produced by a wide range of bacteria. The presence of PHDd monomers confers to the polymer elastomeric properties. Previously, PHDd was only obtained when bacteria were cultivated in related carbon source. In this work, B. contaminansIPT553 produced PHB with PHDd using simple and low-cost carbon sources that can make possible the cheaper production of a more flexible biopolymer with crystallinity and elasticity different from the more common PHAs.

Macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate macular and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) measurements in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (cCHD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with cCHD (18 females and 12 males, mean age 10.9 years) and 60 healthy controls (35 females and 25 males, mean age 11.2 years) underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and OCT measurements of macular and peripapillary RNFL thickness. RESULTS: Patients with cCHD had significantly thinner measurements in all macular subfields compared with healthy controls (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in peripapillary RNFL thickness between the two groups, with the exception of the upper quadrant, for which thickness measurements were higher in patients with cCHD (P=0.021). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cCHD showed a significant decrease in macular thickness and a thickened superior quadrant RNFL thickness when compared with healthy controls. This may represent the damage caused by the effect of hypoxia.

Characterization and cytotoxic activity of sulfated derivatives of polysaccharides from Agaricus brasiliensis.

Agaricus brasiliensis cell-wall polysaccharides isolated from fruiting body (FR) and mycelium (MI) and their respective sulfated derivatives (FR-S and MI-S) were chemically characterized using elemental analysis, TLC, FT-IR, NMR, HPLC, and thermal analysis. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated against A549 tumor cells by MTT and sulforhodamine assays. The average molecular weight (Mw) of FR and MI was estimated to be 609 and 310 kDa, respectively. FR-S (127 kDa) and MI-S (86 kDa) had lower Mw, probably due to hydrolysis occurring during the sulfation reaction. FR-S and MI-S presented ~14% sulfur content in elemental analysis. Sulfation of samples was characterized by the appearance of two new absorption bands at 1253 and 810 cm(-1) in the infrared spectra, related to S=O and C-S-O sulfate groups, respectively. Through (1)H and (13)C NMR analysis FR-S was characterized as a (1→6)-(1→3)-ß-D-glucan fully sulfated at C-4 and C-6 terminal and partially sulfated at C-6 of (1→3)-ß-D-glucan moiety. MI-S was shown to be a (1→3)-ß-D-gluco-(1→2)-ß-D-mannan, partially sulfated at C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-6, and fully sulfated at C-6 of the terminal residues. The combination of high degree of sulfation and low molecular weight was correlated with the increased cytotoxic activity (48 h of treatment) of both FR-S (EC50=605.6 µg/mL) and MI-S (EC50=342.1 µg/mL) compared to the non-sulfated polysaccharides FR and MI (EC50>1500 µg/mL).

In vivo anti-herpes simplex virus activity of a sulfated derivative of Agaricus brasiliensis mycelial polysaccharide.

Agaricus brasiliensis (syn. A. subrufescens), a basidiomycete fungus native to the Atlantic forest in Brazil, contains cell walls rich in glucomannan polysaccharides. The ß-(1 → 2)-gluco-ß-(1 → 3)-mannan was isolated from A. brasiliensis mycelium, chemically modified by sulfation, and named MI-S. MI-S has multiple mechanisms of action, including inhibition of herpes simplex virus (HSV) attachment, entry, and cell-to-cell spread (F. T. G. S. Cardozo, C. M. Camelini, A. Mascarello, M. J. Rossi, R. J. Nunes, C. R. Barardi, M. M. de Mendonça, and C. M. O. Simões, Antiviral Res. 92:108-114, 2011). The antiherpetic efficacy of MI-S was assessed in murine ocular, cutaneous, and genital infection models of HSV. Groups of 10 mice were infected with HSV-1 (strain KOS) or HSV-2 (strain 333). MI-S was given either topically or by oral gavage under various pre- and posttreatment regimens, and the severity of disease and viral titers in ocular and vaginal samples were determined. No toxicity was observed in the uninfected groups treated with MI-S. The topical and oral treatments with MI-S were not effective in reducing ocular disease. Topical application of MI-S on skin lesions was also not effective, but cutaneously infected mice treated orally with MI-S had significantly reduced disease scores (P < 0.05) after day 9, suggesting that healing was accelerated. Vaginal administration of MI-S 20 min before viral challenge reduced the mean disease scores on days 5 to 9 (P < 0.05), viral titers on day 1 (P < 0.05), and mortality (P < 0.0001) in comparison to the control groups (untreated and vehicle treated). These results show that MI-S may be useful as an oral agent to reduce the severity of HSV cutaneous and mucosal lesions and, more importantly, as a microbicide to block sexual transmission of HSV-2 genital infections.

Partial splenectomy for treatment of splenic hemangioma.

BACKGROUND: Although splenectomy is helpful in the management of splenic hemangioma, this procedure may result in a greater morbidity and even mortality, mainly caused by sepsis, when this operation is performed in children and teenagers, due to their immune deficiency. In order to avoid the adverse effects associated with the asplenism, this paper proposes partial splenectomy is proposed to treat splenic hemangioma. METHOD/CASE REPORT: A 13-year-old boy with hemangioma of the lower pole of the spleen was cared for by the authors. Partial splenectomy of the lower third part of the spleen was carried out without bleeding or technical difficulties. This patient had an uneventful postoperative follow-up. He was discharged from the hospital on the second postoperative day and returned to his normal activities after two weeks. The over twenty five-month-follow-up showed normal spleen in size and functions without clinical adverse events. CONCLUSION: Partial splenectomy should be considered and recommended as a good surgical treatment for splenic hemangioma.

Elevated levels of erythrocyte-conjugated dienes indicate increased lipid peroxidation in schistosomiasis mansoni patients.

Schistosoma mansoni causes liver disease by inducing granulomatous inflammation. This favors formation of reactive oxygen species, including superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals all of which may induce lipid peroxidation. We have evaluated lipid peroxidation in 18 patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni previously treated with oxamniquine followed by splenectomy, ligature of the left gastric vein and auto-implantation of spleen tissue, by measuring levels of erythrocyte-conjugated dienes and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA). Age-matched, healthy individuals (N = 18) formed the control group. Erythrocyte-conjugated dienes were extracted with dichloromethane/methanol and quantified by UV spectrophotometry, while plasma MDA was measured by reaction with thiobarbituric acid. Patient erythrocytes contained two times more conjugated dienes than control cells (584.5 +/- 67.8 vs 271.7 +/- 20.1 micromol/l, P < 0.001), whereas the increase in plasma MDA concentration (about 10%) was not statistically significant. These elevated conjugated dienes in patients infected by S. mansoni suggest increased lipid peroxidation in cell membranes, although this was not evident when a common marker of oxidative stress, plasma MDA, was measured. Nevertheless, these two markers of lipid peroxidation, circulating MDA and erythrocyte-conjugated dienes, correlated significantly in both patient (r = 0.62; P < 0.01) and control (r = 0.57; P < 0.05) groups. Our data show that patients with schistosomiasis have abnormal lipid peroxidation, with elevated erythrocyte-conjugated dienes implying dysfunctional cell membranes, and also imply that this may be attenuated by the redox capacity of antioxidant agents, which prevent accumulation of plasma MDA.

Elevated levels of erythrocyte-conjugated dienes indicate increased lipid peroxidation in schistosomiasis mansoni patients

Schistosoma mansoni causes liver disease by inducing granulomatous inflammation. This favors formation of reactive oxygen species, including superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals all of which may induce lipid peroxidation. We have evaluated lipid peroxidation in 18 patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni previously treated with oxamniquine followed by splenectomy, ligature of the left gastric vein and auto-implantation of spleen tissue, by measuring levels of erythrocyte-conjugated dienes and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA). Age-matched, healthy individuals (N = 18) formed the control group. Erythrocyte-conjugated dienes were extracted with dichloromethane/methanol and quantified by UV spectrophotometry, while plasma MDA was measured by reaction with thiobarbituric acid. Patient erythrocytes contained two times more conjugated dienes than control cells (584.5 ± 67.8 vs 271.7 ± 20.1 æmol/l, P < 0.001), whereas the increase in plasma MDA concentration (about 10 percent) was not statistically significant. These elevated conjugated dienes in patients infected by S. mansoni suggest increased lipid peroxidation in cell membranes, although this was not evident when a common marker of oxidative stress, plasma MDA, was measured. Nevertheless, these two markers of lipid peroxidation, circulating MDA and erythrocyte-conjugated dienes, correlated significantly in both patient (r = 0.62; P < 0.01) and control (r = 0.57; P < 0.05) groups. Our data show that patients with schistosomiasis have abnormal lipid peroxidation, with elevated erythrocyte-conjugated dienes implying dysfunctional cell membranes, and also imply that this may be attenuated by the redox capacity of antioxidant agents, which prevent accumulation of plasma MDA.

Surgical hepatosplenic mansonic schistosomiasis in adolescents: repercussions of the post-treatment schistosomotic burden on the hepatic functional reserve.

Schistosomiasis mansoni affects the hepatic functional reserve. Clinical treatment with oxamniquine is not 100% effective and there has been found strain of this parasite resistant to this drug. The aims of this investigation were: (1) to examine the presence of residual parasite burden after medical and surgical treatment on adolescents with surgical schistosomiasis mansoni and (2) to assess the effect on the hepatic functional reserve in patients with and without residual infection. Twenty nine children with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni and bleeding esophageal varices were treated with oxamniquine. They underwent splenectomy, ligature of the left gastric vein and autologous implantation of spleen tissue into the greater omentum. After a mean post-operative follow up of five years they underwent rectal biopsy for schistosomotic egg search. They were divided in patients with and without infection. In 20 patients the submucosal egg search was negative, however, in 9 it was positive. The hepatic functional reserve in the patients without infection was as follows: 17 were Child-Pugh A and 3 Child-Pugh B. In the patients who were still infected 6 were Child-Pugh A and 3 Child-Pugh B. The chi2 analysis of the hepatic functional reserve showed chi2 = 3.19 - p= 0.07. From the results the following conclusion can be drawn: residual infection or reinfection in the follow up period had not interfered with the distribution of the hepatic functional reserve of the patients in this series. However, there was a trend for a decrease of this parameter in patients with residual infection.

Autotransplant of spleen tissue in children with schistosomiasis: evaluation of splenic function after splenosis.

Autotransplantation of spleen tissue has been done, in the past ten years, in children with schistosomiasis mansoni with bleeding varices. The purposes of this investigation were: (1) to study the morphology and function of the remnant spleen tissue; (2) to quantify the production of tuftsin; and (3) to assess the immune response to pneumococcal vaccine of these patients. Twenty three children, who underwent splenectomy and autologous implantation of spleen tissue into the greater omentum were included in this investigation. The average postoperative follow-up is five years. Splenosis was proved by colloid liver-spleen scans. Search for Howell-Jolly bodies assessed the filtration function. Tuftsin and the titer of pneumococcal antibodies were quantified by ELISA. Splenosis was evident in all children; however, it was insufficient in two. Howell-Jolly bodies were found only in these two patients. The mean tuftsin serum concentration (335.0 +/- 29.8 ng/ml) was inside the normal range. The immune response to pneumococcal vaccination was adequate in 15 patients; intermediate in four; and inadequate in four. From the results the following conclusions can be drawn: splenosis was efficient in maintaining the filtration splenic function in more than 90% and produced tuftsin inside the range of normality. It also provided the immunologic splenic response to pneumococcal vaccination in 65% of the patients of this series.

Effect of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine on memory and conscious awareness in healthy volunteers.

RATIONALE: Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist with psychotogenic and cognitive effects in healthy volunteers and schizophrenic patients which has been proposed to be a useful tool to investigate neurobiological basis of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE: The present study characterized the effects of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine on memory and related subjective states of awareness in healthy volunteers. METHODS: Twenty-six subjects were given either a 60-min ketamine (0.5 mg/kg per hour) or a placebo infusion. To obtain constant plasma ketamine throughout the experiment, ketamine was administered using a computer-controlled infusion system. Subjects carried out episodic memory tasks involving words presented before and during infusion. Memory performance was assessed with recognition and free recall tasks. Subjective states of awareness were assessed using an experiential approach. Levels of psychopathology were evaluated with BPRS. RESULTS: Ketamine impaired performance in free recall and recognition of words presented during, but not before, infusion. There were no differences between groups concerning states of awareness associated with recognition memory. Subjects under ketamine had higher BPRS total scores as well as BPRS negative and positive cluster scores than control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Ketamine decreases episodic memory performance by impairing encoding, but not retrieval processes. It does not selectively impair subjective states of awareness associated with recognition memory as it has been seen in patients with schizophrenia. Ketamine might mimic the memory impairment associated with acute, but not chronic, forms of schizophrenia.

Surgical hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni in children: a Doppler duplex study of the portal vein and the hepatic artery.

From January 1990 to September 1993, 25 children with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni and oesophageal varices underwent splenectomy, ligature of the left gastric vein and autoimplantation of 100 g of spleen into the great omentum at the University Hospital, Recife, Brazil. The diameters and the blood flow velocities of the portal vein and the hepatic artery were measured before and after surgery. A Doppler Duplex (Aloka 680) with a convex transductor of 3.5 MHz was used. Post-operative follow-up revealed (i) a significant decrease in the mean diameter of the portal vein from 12.6 +/- 2.1 mm to 9.6 +/- 1.9 mm, (ii) a significant increase in the mean diameter of the hepatic artery from 5.0 +/- 1.4 mm to 5.3 +/- 1.2 mm, (iii) a significant decrease in the mean blood flow velocity in the portal vein from 31.1 +/- 8.0 cm/s to 22.4 +/- 7.1 cm/s, and (iv) no significant change in blood flow velocity in the hepatic artery. The study supports the concept that surgical treatment for portal hypertension in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni, which includes splenectomy, results in a decrease of venous portal blood flow to the liver associated with an increase in the arterial hepatic blood flow. The physiological implications of these haemodynamic changes in the long term remain to be investigated.

Hipertensäo portal esquistossomótica na criança-avaliaçäo critica / Schistomotic portal hypertension in children-Critical evaluation

Esplenectomia, ligadura de veia gástrica esquerda e auto-implante esplênico tem sido a conduta cirúrgica adotada para as crianças portadoras de hepato-esplenomegalia esquistossomótica, com indicaçäo cirúrgica. A esclerose endoscópica das varizes esofageanas é reservada para os casos de recidiva. Quarenta crianças, sendo vinte e três do sexo masculino e dezessete do sexo feminino, portadoras de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica com varizes esofageanas, foram submetidas a esta conduta, entre janeiro de 1990 e dezembro de 1994. Após seguimento pós-operatório médio de 36 meses, houve recidiva hemorrágica em três pacientes, com controle do sangramento por escleroterapia endoscópica das varizes esofageanas. No seguimento endoscópico houve o desaparecimento das varizes em cinco pacientes e reduçäo das varizes de grosso para médio calibres em oito dos dezesseis pacientes. Entretanto, a análise estatística näo revelou diferença significativa entre a frequência dos graus das varizes antes do tratamento e por ocasiäo da última valiaçäo endoscópica. A evoluçäo clínica dos pacientes faz supor que a conduta proposta tenha, até o momento, sido efetiva

Human gastrointestinal sphincters: study on the maturation of the nitric oxide innervation

Estudos histoqyímicos relevam uma inervaçäo noradrenérgica dos esfincteres gastrointestinais mais densa do que as regiöes näo-esfincterianas. também tem sido mostrado uma rica rede interconectante de fibras nervosas óxido-nitrérgicas inibitórias adivindas da gânglia mioentérica e se distribuindo dentro da camada muscular circular, especialmente nas regioSes esfincterianas. a presente investigaçäo estudou, no intestino humano em desenvolvimento, a histomorfometria da inervaçäo óxido-nitrérgica diárias intestinais selecionadas, particularmente, das regiSes esfincterianas. Segmnetos da junçäo gastro-esofagiana, regiäo gastro-piloro-duodenal, regiäo íleo-cecal e reto distal de 14 fetos de idade gestacional entre 12 e 23 semanas, foram usados para mapeamento histoquímico da nicotinamida adenosina de óxido nuleotídeo fosfato diaforase. Imagens de secçSes randonizadas foram selecionadas para histofometria, usando um sistema computadorizado de análise de imagens. A partir dos resultados, as seguintes conclusSes foram tiradas: 1- existe uma rede muito rica em nervos óxido-nitrérgicos interconectado a gânglia mioentérica e a camada muscular circular de todos os níveis selecionados. sendo mais densa na junçäo gastro-esofagiana, piloro, junçäo íleo-cecal e esfincter anal interno; 2- existe uma correlaçäo linear negativa entre a atividade neuronal mioentérica óxido-nitrérgica (densidade ganglionar) e a idade gestacional, a qual pode ser expressa pela equaçäo: Densidade ganglionar = 30,158- 1,0313 x idade gestacional. O esôfago, o piloro e esfíncter anal interno foram as regiöes com as mais baixas densidades ganglionares. Esses achados sugerem que a inervaçäo óxodo-nitrergica naqulas áreas, associada com densidade ganglionares relativamente baixas, torna possível levantar a hipótese de ue a normalidade ou retardo da maturaçäo desta inervaçäo inibitória poderia estar envolvida na patogênes de algumas anomalias congênitas como a estemose hipertrófica do piloro e acalásia do esfíncter anal interno

Bancroftian lymphadenopathy: absence of eosinophils in tissues despite peripheral blood hypereosinophilia.

We studied the association of eosinophils with Wuchereria bancrofti parasites in two children with biopsy-proven filarial lymphadenopathy and peripheral blood hypereosinophilia. In both cases, intact adult worms were present in lymph nodes but no inflammatory reaction was observed. The most remarkable histological feature in our patients was the absence of eosinophils in tissue sections in spite of persistently high numbers of eosinophils in peripheral blood. In the first case, treatment of intestinal parasites before lymph node excision promptly reduced eosinophil counts to normal levels even though levels of microfilaraemia remained virtually unchanged. In the second patient, hypereosinophilia persisted after lymph node resection but disappeared following curative treatment of intestinal helminths. These observations raise fundamental questions about the causal relationship and the role of eosinophils in lymphatic filariasis.

Nitric oxide producing neurons remain intact following small bowel transplantation

Alteraçöes da motilidade intestinl se seguem após transplante de intestino delgado e podem produzir morbidade. Uma possível causa poderia ser a alteraçäo da inervaçäo entérica normal. Recentemente o óxido nítrico foi identificado como um neurotransmissor do sitema entérico. Os neurônios produtores de óxido nítrico quando estimulados induzem potenciais inibitórios no intestino levando ao relaxamento. Objetiva-se acompanhar o destino dos neurônios intestinais produtores de óxido nítrico após transplante de intestino delgado. Transplantes heterotópicos de intestino delgado foram realizados em cinco ratros machos " LEWIS" singeneicos. Aproximadamente um centímetro de intestino, a jejunostomia proximal, da transiçäo jejunoileal e adjacente a ileostomia distal, assim como segmentos de níveis similares no intestino nativo, foram colhidos para reconhecimento histoquímico dos neurônios produtores de óxido nítrico, nos dias 7, 36, 55, 60, 65 após transplante. O mapeamento foi feito para localizaçäo da enzima nicotinamida adenosina deoxinucleotideo fosfato diaforese (NADPH). A atividade neuronal óxido-nitrérgica esteve concentrada nos plexos mioentérico, muscular profundo e submucoso. Nenhuma diferença foi detectada entre os neurônios produtores de óxido nítrico do intestino transplantado. Os resultados sugerem que os neurônios produtores de óxido nítrico säo preservados após transplante do intstino delgADO. Outrossim especula-se que a dismotilidade intestinal após aquele procedimento näo seja decorrente de alteraçäo da inervaçäo inttrínseca intestinal

Síndrome de budd-chiari após transplante de fígado de tamanho reduzido / Budd-Chiari syndrome sfter liver transplantation of the size reduction

Um caso de síndrome de Budd-Chiari desenvolvido em uma criança de dois anos primariamente portadora de atresia de vias biliares, logo após ter se submetido a um transplante hepático em que foi usado o segmento lateral esquerdo do fígado de um doador de 54 anos, é relatado. A maior susceptibilidade a complicaçöes vasculares, após transplante de segmentos de fígado, por inadequaçäo conteúdo-continente é assinalada. O transplante com o fígado total de doador de dois anos foi a soluçäo final para a insuficiência hepato-renal desenvolvida a partir do acotovelamento da anastomose da veia hepática esquerda-cava inferior com consequente necrose hepática maciça, hemorragia e trombose das veias centro-lobulares. O relato é original na literatura

Fecal adenoviruses from a longitudinal study of families in metropolitan Washington, D.C.: laboratory, clinical, and epidemiologic observations.

During a 29-month period, we studied enteric infection in 70 families from a pediatric practice in suburban Washington, D.C. Fecal adenoviruses were detected in stools of 18 patients by tissue culture and electron microscopic procedures. From 6 through 11 months of age, the incidence of fecal adenoviruses associated with enteritis was seven per 100, and of confirmed enteric adenoviruses (EAds), three per 100 individuals per year. All EAds belonged to subgenus G (type 41). All three patients with EAds had diarrhea; two had vomiting and one had fever, but none required hospitalization. Ten of the 15 patients with non-EAds were younger than 2 years, and 60% had diarrhea, 40% had vomiting, and 20% had fever. Combined gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms occurred more often in those who shed non-EAds (three of 11) than in matched controls (two of 48, P = 0.04). An adenovirus was detected in approximately 6% of gastroenteritis episodes, and confirmed EAds were present in approximately 2% of episodes of gastroenteritis in children younger than 2 years of age. None of the contacts of patients with non-EAds shed such virus in their stools. None of nine family contacts of those with EAd appeared to shed adenovirus in stool. In contrast, rotavirus spread readily to exposed adults (25% of 65) and children (56% of 62) when a child in similar families had rotavirus infection.

Energy flow and the persistence of a human population: a simulation analysis.

The authors describe "a human ecosystem model, NUNOA, [which] simulates the yearly energy balance of individuals, families, and extended families in a hypothetical farming and herding community of Quechua Indians in the high Andes. The yearly energy demand of each family, based on the caloric requirements of its members, is computed by simulation of agricultural and herding activities in response to stochastic environmental conditions. The family energy balance is used in determining births, deaths, marriages, and resource sharing." The model can be used "to investigate the effect of changes in marriage patterns, resource sharing patterns, or subsistence activities on the ability of the human population to survive in the harsh Andean environment. Results from the model suggest that the substructuring of a population into extended families provides a mechanism for sheltering the population from control by exogenous influences. A population without substructures for resource sharing is shown to be unstable in such an unpredictable environment."

Estenose hipertrofica do piloro em Liverpool. Alteracoes bioquimicas. / Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Liverpool. Biochemical changes

Duzentas e vinte e cinco criancas portadoras de estenose hipertrofica do piloro (EHP), operados no Alder Hey Children's Hospital e no Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, no periodo de janeiro de 1973 a junho de 1978, tiveram seus prontuarios estudados. Todos os pacientes foram tratados por piloromiotomia a Ramsted. A analise dos achados laboratoriais destes pacientes permitiu concluir: 1) Hipocloremia e hiponatremia predominaram entre as criancas desidratadas; 2) Hipopotassemia predominou entre criancas que foram diagnosticadas apos o 1o mes de vida; 3) Estatisticamente, cloremia, potassemia e alcalemia refletiram o desequilibrio acidobasico. A analise dos parametros acidobasicos obtidos na admissao dos pacientes permitiu concluir:1) Alcalose metabolica foi encontrada em 67,9% dos pacientes, sendo mais frequente nas criancas que apresentaram maior tempo de doenca; 2) A compensacao respiratoria da alcalose metabolica se fez sentir inteiramente em 15,8% dos pacientes, e parcialmente em ll,3% dos pacientes; 3) A hipocapneia aguda ou cronica foi considerada responsavel pela falta de compensacao da alcalose metabolica em 40,8% dos pacientes; 4) Foi possivel construir a seguinte equacao que, a partir das concentracoes de sodio, cloro, potassio e reserva alcalina pudesse predizer os valores de BE