INTRODUCCIÓN: La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) tiene una elevada incidencia en obesos mórbidos candidatos a cirugía bariátrica (CB). Un screening adecuado reduciría el número de poligrafías (PR). OBJETIVO: Analizar la utilidad de un modelo secuencial con un cuestionario (Dixon modificado [DXM] vs. STOP-Bang) y pulsioximetría nocturna en pacientes candidatos a CB. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, desde el 1 de julio de 2014 hasta el 1 de julio de 2015. Se incluyeron candidatos a CB, excluyéndose aquellos que ya se habían sometido a una PR. VARIABLES: cuestionarios (Epworth, STOP-Bang y DXM), medidas antropométricas, PR y analítica de sangre y gases. Se dividió la muestra entre los que no tenían AOS o era leve (No AOS) y los que tuvieron una AOS moderada-grave (IAH>15). RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 70 pacientes, de los cuales 46 (65,7%) eran mujeres. Se diagnosticaron 26 (37,1%) de AOS moderada-grave. Comparamos STOP-Bang y DXM mediante curvas ROC con una mayor área bajo la curva (AUC) para este último (0,873 [0,74-0,930] vs. 0,781 [0,673-0,888]). La sensibilidad fue superior para el STOP-Bang con un 100% vs. 73,1% de DXM. El IDO3% presentó mayor rentabilidad diagnóstica AUC=0,982 (0,970-1). La aplicación del modelo secuencial con STOP-Bang>3, DXM>5 y DXM>3 hubiese evitado 41 (58,5%), 50 (71,4%) y 41 (58,5%) PR y 0, 7 (10%) y 0 falsos negativos, respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: La aplicación de un modelo secuencial basado en el STOP-Bang y pulsioximetría nocturna es una herramienta útil para el screening de AOS en obesos mórbidos candidatos a CB, reduciendo el número de PR
INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high incidence in patients with morbid obesity who are candidates for bariatric surgery (BS). Adequate screening would decrease the number of respiratory polygraphies (RPs). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the value of a sequential model consisting of a questionnaire (modified Dixon [DXM] vs STOP-Bang) and nocturnal pulse oximetry in patients who were candidates for BS. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from July 1, 2014 to July 1, 2015 on candidates for BS, excluding those who have already undergone RP. VARIABLES: questionnaires (Epworth, STOP-Bang, and DXM), anthropometric measurements, RP, and blood and gas tests. The sample was divided into patients with no or mild OSA (no OSA) and those with moderate to severe OSA (AHI>15). RESULTS: A total of 70 patients were analyzed, 46 (65.7%) of them females. Moderate to severe OSA was diagnosed in 26 (37.1%) patients. STOP-Bang and DXM were compared using ROC curves, and greater area under the curve (AUC) was found for the latter (0.873 [0.74 -0.930] vs 0.781 [0.673-0.888]). STOP-Bang had greater sensitivity, 100%, as compared to 73.1% for DXM. ODI3% showed greater diagnostic yield (AUC=0.982 [0.970-1]). Use of the sequential model with STOP-Bang>3, DXM>5, and DXM>3 would have avoided 41 (58.5%), 50 (71.4%), and 41 (58.5%) RPs and 0, 7 (10%), and 0 false negatives, respectively. CONCLUSION: Use of a sequential model based on the STOP-Bang and nocturnal pulse oximetry is a useful tool for screening OSA in patients with morbid obesity candidates for BS, decreasing the number of RPs
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Endocrine Surgical Procedures/standards , Oximetry/standards , Severity of Illness Index , Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high incidence in patients with morbid obesity who are candidates for bariatric surgery (BS). Adequate screening would decrease the number of respiratory polygraphies (RPs). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the value of a sequential model consisting of a questionnaire (modified Dixon [DXM] vs STOP-Bang) and nocturnal pulse oximetry in patients who were candidates for BS. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from July 1, 2014 to July 1, 2015 on candidates for BS, excluding those who have already undergone RP. VARIABLES: questionnaires (Epworth, STOP-Bang, and DXM), anthropometric measurements, RP, and blood and gas tests. The sample was divided into patients with no or mild OSA (no OSA) and those with moderate to severe OSA (AHI>15). RESULTS: A total of 70 patients were analyzed, 46 (65.7%) of them females. Moderate to severe OSA was diagnosed in 26 (37.1%) patients. STOP-Bang and DXM were compared using ROC curves, and greater area under the curve (AUC) was found for the latter (0.873 [0.74 -0.930] vs 0.781 [0.673-0.888]). STOP-Bang had greater sensitivity, 100%, as compared to 73.1% for DXM. ODI3% showed greater diagnostic yield (AUC=0.982 [0.970-1]). Use of the sequential model with STOP-Bang>3, DXM>5, and DXM>3 would have avoided 41 (58.5%), 50 (71.4%), and 41 (58.5%) RPs and 0, 7 (10%), and 0 false negatives, respectively. CONCLUSION: Use of a sequential model based on the STOP-Bang and nocturnal pulse oximetry is a useful tool for screening OSA in patients with morbid obesity candidates for BS, decreasing the number of RPs.
Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Oximetry , Self Report , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Adult , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Mass Screening/methods , Middle Aged , Models, Theoretical , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and morbid obesity (MO), defined by a body mass index ≥35 kg/m2, are two closely related conditions. Recent studies suggest that circulating microRNA (miRNA) plays a potential role in the physiopathology of both conditions. To date, circulating miRNA expression has been studied separately in both conditions, but never jointly. The primary treatment of OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), whereas bariatric surgery (BS) is the treatment of choice for MO. We have thus initiated the Epigenetics modification in Morbid Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (EPIMOOSA) study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03995836). METHODS/DESIGN: EPIMOOSA is a prospective non-interventional cohort study aiming to recruit 45 MO patients who are candidates for BS. Three groups will be formed: MO without OSA, MO with OSA without CPAP and MO with OSA and CPAP. All of them will be followed up in 4 visits: baseline, 6 months prior to BS and 3, 6 and 12 months post-BS. At baseline, OSA status will be assessed by home sleep polygraphy (HSP), and CPAP will be adopted according to national guidelines. A specific standardized questionnaire (including medical conditions and AOS-related symptoms) and anthropometrical examination will be performed at each visit. Blood samples will be obtained at each visit for immediate standard biochemistry, haematology and inflammatory cytokines. For bio-banking, serum, plasma, and circulating exosomes will also be obtained. Twenty-four hours of blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) Holter monitoring will be performed at all visits. A new HSP will be performed at the last visit. Finally, the three groups will be sex- and age- matched with participants in the EPIOSA study, an ongoing study aimed at understanding epigenetic changes in non-obese OSA patients. DISCUSSION: EPIMOOSA will evaluate changes in circulating miRNA in MO with or without OSA for the first time. In addition, EPIMOOSA will be able to elucidate the influence of OSA in MO patients and how specific and combined treatments alter miRNA expression.
Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics , Obesity, Morbid/epidemiology , Obesity, Morbid/genetics , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Cohort Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , MicroRNAs/genetics , Middle Aged , Obesity, Morbid/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Young Adult
Biliopancreatic diversion is a predominantly malabsorptive bariatric procedure that can lead to the development of several nutrition complications, including fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies. Routine supplementation with vitamins and trace elements and a strict medical follow-up are essential to prevent these nutrition risks. Vitamin A deficiency is common after bariatric surgery but rarely causes clinical symptoms. Case reports have described ophthalmological and fetal complications associated with vitamin A deficiency after malabsorptive bariatric surgery. Phrynoderma is a type of follicular hyperkeratosis located on the extensor surfaces of the extremities whose main cause is vitamin A deficiency. The simultaneous occurrence of phrynoderma and ocular symptoms secondary to hypovitaminosis A after bariatric surgery is exceptional. The authors describe a man who presented follicular hyperkeratosis with nyctalopia and xerophthalmia that had appeared 1 year after biliopancreatic diversion. He admitted poor compliance with diet and daily supplementation of vitamins and oligoelements. Serum vitamin A levels were decreased. Treatment with high doses of vitamin A was associated with a clear improvement of cutaneous and ocular lesions with complete resolution after 2 months. The patient was readmitted 2 years later because of the reappearance of cutaneous lesions and micronutrient deficiency. Revisional bariatric surgery was performed. The authors review and discuss the relationship between phrynoderma, malnutrition, and vitamin A deficiency.
Biliopancreatic Diversion/adverse effects , Keratosis/etiology , Vitamin A Deficiency/complications , Vitamin A Deficiency/diagnosis , Diet , Dietary Supplements , Humans , Keratosis/drug therapy , Keratosis/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Night Blindness/drug therapy , Night Blindness/etiology , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Vitamin A/administration & dosage , Vitamin A/blood , Vitamin A Deficiency/drug therapy , Xerophthalmia/drug therapy , Xerophthalmia/etiology
