Anesthesia, Intravenous , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Propofol/administration & dosage , Adult , Aged , Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects , Embolism, Air/prevention & control , Female , Fentanyl/pharmacology , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Humans , Intracranial Pressure/drug effects , Male , Meningeal Neoplasms/surgery , Meningioma/surgery , Middle Aged , Neuroma, Acoustic/surgery , Propofol/pharmacology
The authors present an anesthesiologic technique, consisting of the use of propofol + fentanyl + O2. The main advantages, described in 82 neurosurgically treated patients, are the following: moderate decrease both of ICP and MAP, absence of frequency, modifications rapid recovery both of consciousness and of motility, which allows a preliminary valuation of neurological status.
Anesthesia, Intravenous , Brain/surgery , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
The authors report their experience on the use of urapidil in 31 patients, submitted to neurosurgical procedures. Urapidil, administered both in the inductive (0.7-1 mg/kg) and in preoperative phases (0.6-0.8 mg/kg/h), produced a MAP decrease of about 25% without significant variations in cardiac frequency or of other monitored parameters.
Brain/surgery , Hypotension , Piperazines , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Hypotension/prevention & control , Male , Middle Aged
Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use , Benzodiazepines , Diazepam/analogs & derivatives , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Neuroradiography/methods , Nordazepam/analogs & derivatives , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Drug Evaluation , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nordazepam/therapeutic use , Premedication
Brain Diseases/surgery , Pneumocephalus/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Adult , Anesthesia, Inhalation , Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Brain Injuries/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , Intracranial Pressure , Intraoperative Care , Male , Middle Aged , Neurilemmoma/surgery , Nitrous Oxide/administration & dosage , Pneumocephalus/diagnostic imaging , Pneumocephalus/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) produced in anaesthetized dogs significant cardiovascular changes at higher doses than other transmitters, i.e. l-noradrenaline, l-adrenaline, histamine, acetylcholine, which produce cardiovascular effects at doses of 0.01-0.05 micrograms/kg given intravenously. SPD was shown to be more active than SPM. The hypotensive response observed after i.v. injection is due to histamine release. The hypotensive and bradycardic effects observed after microinjection of SPD into III cerebral ventricle or into the vertebral artery and of SPM into the vertebral artery are due to an increase in parasympathetic output. Spermidine increased and spermine decreased the baroreceptor reactivity. SPD and SPM did not change the vascular beta- and alpha-adrenergic, cholinergic and histaminergic receptor reactivity.
Hemodynamics/drug effects , Respiratory System/drug effects , Spermidine/pharmacology , Spermine/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Dogs , Heart Rate/drug effects , Histamine Release/drug effects , Male , Neurotransmitter Agents/pharmacology , Pressoreceptors/drug effects
