Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes fetal hemoglobin production in vitro: A potential therapeutic avenue for ß-thalassemia.

ß-thalassemia, a globally prevalent genetic disorder, urgently requires innovative treatment options. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction stands as a key therapeutic approach. This investigation focused on Ginsenoside Rg1 from the Panax genus for HbF induction. Employing K562 cells and human erythroid precursor cells (ErPCs) derived from neonatal cord blood, the study tested Rg1 at different concentrations. We measured its effects on γ-globin mRNA levels and HbF expression, alongside assessments of cell proliferation and differentiation. In K562 cells, Rg1 at 400 µM significantly increased γ-globin mRNA expression by 4.24 ± 1.08-fold compared to the control. In ErPCs, the 800 µM concentration was most effective, leading to an over 80% increase in F-cells and a marked upregulation in HbF expression. Notably, Rg1 did not adversely affect cell proliferation or differentiation, with the 200 µM concentration showing an increase in γ-globin mRNA by 2.33 ± 0.58-fold, and the 800 µM concentration enhancing HbF expression by 2.59 ± 0.03-fold in K562 cells. Our results underscore Rg1's potential as an effective and safer alternative for ß-thalassemia treatment. By significantly enhancing HbF levels without cytotoxicity, Rg1 offers a notable advantage over traditional treatments like Hydroxyurea. While promising, these in vitro findings warrant further in vivo exploration to confirm Rg1's therapeutic efficacy and to unravel its underlying mechanistic pathways.

[Biomechanical research of SOX9, CTGF in bone tendon junction healing].

AIM: To investigate the biomechanical effect of SOX9, CTGF in bone tendon junction healing. METHODS: 36 adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into A, B and C groups(each group were 12 rab-bits). Group A with SOX9 inject into bone tendon junction;Group B with CTGF inject into bone tendon junction; C group was inject nothing. The animal of three groups were used surgery and all of the animals were faced with biomechanical test after 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks; The result were used statistical analysis. RESULTS: group A and group B's cross-sectional area were lower than group C during 4 weeks, 12 weeks postoperative; there were statistical difference between each groups ( P < 0. 05). group Aand group B's pulled off load and ultimate tensile stress were higher than group C during 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks postoperative, the result were statistical difference between each groups ( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: SOX9 and CTGF group can not only promote the early bone ten-don junction healing, But also increased the biomechanical strength of bone tendon junction.