Neurodegeneration in Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is caused by a CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 5' UTR of FMR1. Expanded CGG repeat RNAs form stable secondary structures, which in turn support repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation to produce toxic peptides. The parameters that impact RAN translation initiation efficiency are not well understood. Here we used a Drosophila melanogaster model of FXTAS to evaluate the role of the eIF4G family of eukaryotic translation initiation factors (EIF4G1, EIF4GII and EIF4G2/DAP5) in modulating RAN translation and CGG repeat-associated toxicity. DAP5 knockdown robustly suppressed CGG repeat-associated toxicity and inhibited RAN translation. Furthermore, knockdown of initiation factors that preferentially associate with DAP5 (such as EIF2ß, EIF3F and EIF3G) also selectively suppressed CGG repeat-induced eye degeneration. In mammalian cellular reporter assays, DAP5 knockdown exhibited modest and cell-type specific effects on RAN translation. Taken together, these data support a role for DAP5 in CGG repeat associated toxicity possibly through modulation of RAN translation.
Drosophila Proteins , Fragile X Syndrome , Animals , Drosophila/metabolism , Tremor/genetics , Drosophila melanogaster/metabolism , Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G/genetics , Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/genetics , Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/metabolism , Fragile X Syndrome/genetics , Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion , Ataxia/genetics , Mammals/metabolism , Drosophila Proteins/genetics , Drosophila Proteins/metabolism
