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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 10584, 2024 05 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38719878

RESUMEN

This study aimed to evaluate the blood bacterial microbiota in healthy and febrile cats. High-quality sequencing reads from the 16S rRNA gene variable region V3-V4 were obtained from genomic blood DNA belonging to 145 healthy cats, and 140 febrile cats. Comparisons between the blood microbiota of healthy and febrile cats revealed dominant presence of Actinobacteria, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. Upon lower taxonomic levels, the bacterial composition was significantly different between healthy and febrile cats. The families Faecalibacterium and Kineothrix (Firmicutes), and Phyllobacterium (Proteobacteria) experienced increased abundance in febrile samples. Whereas Thioprofundum (Proteobacteria) demonstrated a significant decrease in abundance in febrile. The bacterial composition and beta diversity within febrile cats was different according to the affected body system (Oral/GI, systemic, skin, and respiratory) at both family and genus levels. Sex and age were not significant factors affecting the blood microbiota of febrile cats nor healthy ones. Age was different between young adult and mature adult healthy cats. Alpha diversity was unaffected by any factors. Overall, the findings suggest that age, health status and nature of disease are significant factors affecting blood microbiota diversity and composition in cats, but sex is not.


Asunto(s)
Microbiota , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Animales , Gatos , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Microbiota/genética , Fiebre/microbiología , Fiebre/sangre , Femenino , Masculino , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Gatos/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/sangre
2.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis ; 107: 102150, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38401221

RESUMEN

The study aimed to determine the inter and intra-host Bartonella spp. genetic diversity in cats from Chile. 'Seventy-nine cats' blood DNA samples qPCR Bartonella spp. positive were subjected to T-A cloning of Bartonella spp. rpoB partial gene (825 bp), and sequencing by Sanger method. The sequences were submitted to phylogenetic and polymorphism analysis. Thirty-six (45.6%) samples were successfully cloned, generating 118 clones of which 109 showed 99.6%-100% identity with Bartonella henselae whereas 9 showed 99.8-100% identity with Bartonella koehlerae. Haplotype analysis yielded 29 different rpoB-B. henselae haplotypes, one (hap#2) overrepresented in 31 out of 33 cats, and 4 rpoB-B. koehlerae haplotypes, with hap#2 represented in all 3 B. koehlerae infected cats. More than one rpoB -B. henselae and B. koehlerae haplotypes were identified in individual cats, reporting by first time coinfection by different B. henselae/B. koehlerae rpoB variants in cats from Chile.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bartonella , Bartonella henselae , Bartonella , Enfermedades de los Gatos , Gatos , Animales , Haplotipos , Infecciones por Bartonella/epidemiología , Infecciones por Bartonella/veterinaria , Chile/epidemiología , Filogenia , Bartonella/genética , Bartonella henselae/genética , Variación Genética , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología
3.
Front Vet Sci ; 10: 1161093, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38033637

RESUMEN

Introduction: Recent evidence shows a high diversity of infectious agents in wildlife that represent a threat to human, domestic, and wild animal health. In Chile, wild populations of the most common cervid species, pudu (Pudu puda), have been reported as hosts for novel pathogens such as Mycoplasma ovis-like and a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A better understanding of the epidemiology of this group and other intracellular bacteria that might have cervids as hosts would enlighten their population relevance. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp., hemotropic mycoplasmas, and Coxiella burnetii in pudus from Chile. Methods: The DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 69 wild free-ranging and 30 captive pudus from Chile. A combination of real-time (nouG gene for Bartonella and IS1111 element for C. burnetii) and conventional PCR (16S rRNA for hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. and rpoB, gltA, and ITS for Bartonella spp.) was used for pathogen screening and molecular characterization. Results: DNA of Bartonella spp. was detected in 10.1% [95% CI (5.2-18.2%)] samples, hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. in 1.7% [95% CI (0.08-10.1%)], and C. burnetii in 1.0% [95% CI (0.05-6.3%)] samples. Two sequenced samples were identified as Mycoplasma ovis-like, and one free-ranging pudu was positive for C. burnetii. While one captive and two free-ranging pudus were positive for Bartonella henselae, one wild pudu was co-positive for B. henselae and Bartonella sp., similar to Bartonellae identified in ruminants. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of B. henselae in wild ungulate species, and C. burnetii and Bartonella spp. in wild ungulate species in South America. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the potential role of pudu as reservoirs of infection and identify the sources for disease transmission among humans and wild and domestic animals.

4.
Microbiol Resour Announc ; 12(11): e0064823, 2023 Nov 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37847065

RESUMEN

Bartonella henselae is a primary zoonotic agent, having cats as asymptomatic reservoirs. In humans, it causes cat scratch disease. Here, we report the whole genome sequences of 16 strains isolated from cats in Valdivia city, Southern Chile. Strains showed little variability in the multilocus sequence typing profiles.

5.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis ; 100: 102026, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37544169

RESUMEN

Bartonella spp. was screened in 155 rodents from Chile, mainly the invasive rats Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus. A total of 155 spleen and 50 blood samples were analyzed through real-time PCR for Bartonella spp. (nuoG gene). Positive samples were subjected to amplification of fragment of loci gltA, rpoB and ITS by conventional PCR (cPCR). Overall, 43 spleen samples (27.7%) and 6 rodent blood samples (12%) were positive for nuoG-Bartonella spp. Positive samples were found in R. norvegicus, R. rattus, Abrothrix olivacea and Oligoryzomys longicaudatus. Bartonella spp. DNA was amplified by cPCR in 16 samples, resulting in 21 sequences (6 gltA, 5 ITS and 10 rpoB). Sequencing and phylogenic analyses identified genotypes from Rattus spp., potentially belonging to Bartonella coopersplainsensis, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella tribocorum, and an undescribed Bartonella sp. From native rodents, one sequence was identified, being related B. machadoae. In conclusion, this work describes diverse and potentially zoonotic Bartonella spp. genotypes in Rattus spp. Additionally, this is the first report of Bartonella in O. longicaudatus, including a potentially novel Bartonella genotype or species.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bartonella , Bartonella henselae , Bartonella , Ratas , Animales , Roedores , Infecciones por Bartonella/epidemiología , Infecciones por Bartonella/veterinaria , Infecciones por Bartonella/diagnóstico , Chile/epidemiología , Bartonella/genética , Filogenia
6.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis ; 96: 101983, 2023 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37099997

RESUMEN

Seventy-five flea pools (one to ten fleas per pool) from 51 Andean foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus) and five South American grey foxes or chillas (Lycalopex griseus) from the Mediterranean region of Chile were analyzed for the presence of DNA of Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp. through quantitative real-time PCR for the nouG and gltA genes, respectively. Positive samples were further characterized by conventional PCR protocols, targeting gltA and ITS genes for Bartonella, and gltA, ompA, and ompB genes for Rickettsia. Bartonella was detected in 48 % of the Pulex irritans pools (B. rochalimae in three pools, B. berkhoffii in two pools, B. henselae in one pool), and 8 % of the Ctenocephalides felis felis pools (B. rochalimae, one pool). Rickettsia was confirmed in 11 % of P. irritans pools and 92 % of the Ct. felis pools. Characterization confirmed R. felis in all sequenced Rickettsia-positive pools. All Ct. canis pools were negative. A Ct. felis pool from a wild-found domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) also resulted positive for R. felis. Although opportunistic, this survey provides the first description of zoonotic pathogens naturally circulating in fleas parasitizing Chilean free-living carnivores.


Asunto(s)
Bartonella , Carnívoros , Ctenocephalides , Enfermedades de los Perros , Infestaciones por Pulgas , Mustelidae , Rickettsia felis , Rickettsia , Siphonaptera , Perros , Animales , Siphonaptera/microbiología , Bartonella/genética , Rickettsia felis/genética , Zorros , Chile/epidemiología , Hurones/genética , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Infestaciones por Pulgas/epidemiología , Infestaciones por Pulgas/veterinaria , Rickettsia/genética , Ctenocephalides/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/veterinaria
7.
Pathogens ; 11(5)2022 Apr 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35631031

RESUMEN

Digital dermatitis (DD) is a highly contagious and infectious disease in cattle which has a considerable negative economic impact worldwide, and adversely affects animal welfare. Members of the genus Treponema are the only bacterial agents for which there is consistent evidence of participation in DD lesions. In Chile, DD has been described since the 1990s, but only under a clinical approach. To date, the presence of the pathogenic agent has not been confirmed in Chile by any type of confirmatory microbiological diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to detect the presence of Treponema spp. DNA in lesions consistent with DD, in Chilean dairy cattle for the first time. We provide PCR confirmation of Treponema spp. in Chilean dairy cattle affected by DD. The high rate of positive results, as well as the proportion of the main Treponema species involved, is in line with what have been described in published studies elsewhere. Future herd control plans should benefit from the molecular detection of these pathogenic bacteria associated with DD.

8.
Dev Comp Immunol ; 77: 23-29, 2017 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28735964

RESUMEN

Viruses have developed cellular strategies to ensure progeny survival. One of the most interesting is immune camouflage, where the virus triggers a controlled-intensity immune response that prevents total destruction of the infected cell, thus "winning time" for the virus. This study explored the regulatory contexts of the bovine A20 gene during bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)-1 infection, using IL-8 as an immune-response sentinel molecule. Assessments were conducted through RT-qPCR, Western blotting, gene silencing/overexpression, luciferase assays, and the use of pharmacological inhibitors, among other approaches. The results demonstrated that a) BVDV-1 increased A20 levels in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells, b) increased A20 led to decreased IL-8 expression, and c) the virus affected the NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, these data identify bovine A20 as a strong regulator of immune marker expression. In conclusion, this is the first report on BVDV-1 modulating bovine IL-8 activation through the NF-κB/A20 pathway.


Asunto(s)
Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/inmunología , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina Tipo 1/inmunología , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Proteína 3 Inducida por el Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Animales , Bovinos , Línea Celular , Células Epiteliales/patología , Células Epiteliales/virología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Inmunidad/genética , Inmunomodulación , Riñón/patología , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Transducción de Señal , Proteína 3 Inducida por el Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética
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