RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Measles cases are increasing remarkably in our country as well as all over the world. In this study, it was aimed to examine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of measles cases detected in our hospital, as well as the measles seroprevalence in our region. METHODS: A total of 7,452 individuals whose measles IgG and/or IgM antibodies were studied between December 2021 and March 2023 in the Medical Virology Laboratory in Basaksehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital were included in this retrospective study. Measles IgG and IgM antibodies were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic information, clinical symptoms and laboratory data of the participants were obtained from the hospital's electronic medical records. RESULTS: A total of 102 measles cases were identified between December 2021 and March 2023. Of these cases, 77 (75.5%) patients were ≤ 18 years old. Of the 73 measles cases with vaccination information, 90% were unvaccinated. The measles seroprevalence rate was 72.8%. The lowest seroprevalence rate (4.8%) among the age groups was found in 8-11-month-old babies, the highest cases rate (35.7%) was detected in this age group. It was determined that measles immunity increased with age (r = 0.276, p < 0.001) and was over 89.3% over the age of 30. CONCLUSIONS: Measles immunity is insufficient in our region and measles remains an important public health problem until the age of 18. The recent increase in measles cases in our country and around the world shows that current vaccination programmes need to be implemented more decisively and strictly.
Asunto(s)
Sarampión , Humanos , Sarampión/epidemiología , Sarampión/prevención & control , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Lactante , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Turquía/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Adulto , Hospitales Urbanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Vacuna Antisarampión/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
To investigate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in infants aged 0 to 3 months because there is currently a significant gap in the literature on the subject. A cross-sectional study was conducted with the involvement of 19 medical centers across Turkey and 570 infants. The majority of the patients were male (58.2%), and the three most common symptoms were fever (78.2%), cough (44.6%), and feeding intolerance (39.9%). The results showed that a small percentage of infants had positive blood (0.9%) or urine cultures (10.2%). Most infants presented with fever (78.2%). Children without underlying conditions (UCs) had mostly a complicated respiratory course and a normal chest radiography. Significant more positive urine culture rates were observed in infants with fever. A higher incidence of respiratory support requirements and abnormal chest findings were seen in infants with chronic conditions. These infants also had a longer hospital stay than those without chronic conditions. Conclusions: Our study discloses the clinical observations and accompanying bacterial infections found in infants aged under 3 months with COVID-19. These findings can shed light on COVID-19 in infancy for physicians because there is limited clinical evidence available. What is Known: ⢠COVID-19 in infants and older children has been seen more mildly than in adults. ⢠The most common symptoms of COVID-19 in infants are fever and cough, as in older children and adults. COVID-19 should be one of the differential diagnoses in infants with fever. What is New: ⢠Although most infants under three months had fever, the clinical course was uneventful and respiratory complications were rarely observed in healthy children. ⢠Infants with underlying conditions had more frequent respiratory support and abnormal chest radiography and stayed longer in the hospital.
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COVID-19 , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Enfermedad Crónica , Tos/etiología , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Due to its link with the 2019 coronavirus, the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC) has garnered considerable international interest. The aim of this study, in which MISC patients were evaluated multicenter, and the data of the third period of the Turk-MISC study group, to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes of MISC patients who did and did not require admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: This retrospective multicenter observational study was carried out between June 11, 2021, and January 01, 2022. The demographics, complaints, laboratory results, system involvements, and outcomes of the patients were documented. RESULTS: A total of 601 patients were enrolled; 157 patients (26.1%) required hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU). Median age was 8 years (interquartile range (IQR) 4.5-11.3 years. The proportion of Kawasaki disease-like features in the ICU group was significantly higher than in the non-ICU group (56.1% vs. 43.2% p = 0.006). The ICU group had considerably lower counts of both lymphocytes and platelets (lymphocyte count 900 vs. 1280 cells × µL, platelet count 153 vs. 212 cells × 103/ µL, all for p< 0.001). C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and ferritin levels were significantly higher in the ICU group (CRP 164 vs. 129 mg/L, procalcitonin 9.2 vs. 2.2 µg/L, ferritin 644 vs. 334 µg/L, all for p< 0.001). Being between ages 5-12 and older than 12 increased the likelihood of hospitalization in the ICU by four [95% confidence intervals (CI)1.971-8.627] and six times (95% CI 2.575-14.654), respectively, compared to being between the ages 0-5. A one-unit increase in log D-dimer (µg/L) and log troponin (ng/L) was also demonstrated to increase the need for intensive care by 1.8 (95% CI 1.079-3.233) and 1.4 times (95% CI 1.133-1.789), respectively. Conclusion: By comparing this study to our other studies, we found that the median age of MISC patients has been rising. Patients requiring an ICU stay had considerably higher levels of procalcitonin, CRP, and ferritin but significantly lower levels of lymphocyte and thrombocyte. In particular, high levels of procalcitonin in the serum might serve as a valuable laboratory marker for anticipating the need for intensive care. WHAT IS KNOWN: ⢠Lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia were an independent predictor factors in patients with MISC who needed to stay in intensive care unit. ⢠The possibility of the need to stay in the intensive care unit in patients with MISC who had Kawasaki disease-like findings was controversial compared with those who did not. WHAT IS NEW: ⢠A one-unit increase log D dimer and log troponin was demonstrated to require for intensive care unit by 1.8 and 1.4 times, respectively. ⢠Serum procalcitonin levels had the best performance to predict stay in the intensive care unit stay.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular , Niño , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Polipéptido alfa Relacionado con Calcitonina , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Ferritinas , Troponina , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
AIM: The combination of smoking and drinking alcohol has a high association with diseases of squamous epithelium within the human oral cavity. Therefore, a study was done to assess the impact of these agents alone or in combination on the squamous epithelium using as model the buccal epithelium from rabbit oral cavity. METHODS: Buccal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers to monitor electrical parameters during exposure to ethanol (5-40%) or to Ringer extract of cigarette smoke (EOCS) from one to six cigarettes dissolved in 10 ml Ringer either alone or with combination. RESULTS: Exposure to EOCS reduced in a dose dependent manner above 2 cigarettes/10 ml transmural electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (I(sc)), increased transmural electrical resistance (R). Morphology showed from generalize tissue edema to patchy necrosis with the increasing concentrations. Ethanol alone raised PD, I(sc) and R at lower concentrations (5%) and lowered PD, I(sc) and R at higher concentrations (40%). The combination of 5% ethanol, EOCS-1cigarette/10 ml reduced PD, I(sc) by 58% and increased R by 29%. Unlike exposure to 5% EtOH and EOCS-1, 10% EtOH combined with EOCS-1 produces a harmful effect by dropping PD and I(sc). CONCLUSION: Both, simultaneous, and sequential, use of these agents enhanced their negative impact on these parameters. The enhancement of these effects are not due to solubulization of additional tobacco products by EtOH or by or by EtOH enhancing smoking noxious effect. Histopathologic damage needs higher concentrations of ethanol and EOCS combination and changes were more profound compared to the sum of the isolated effects of both agents.