[The chemico-toxicological determination of dilthiasem].

The objective of the present study was to determine the optimal conditions for isolation of dilthiasem, its purification by the combination of the extraction and column chromatography techniques, and the development of the universal method for the detection of this compound in the biological material. Other research methods included thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GH-MS), extraction, low-pressure column chromatography, and spectrophotometry. The effectiveness of dilthiasem isolation from the biological material with the use of 12 organic substances, water, and aqueous solutions was compared. The use of acetone as the universal solvent for dilthiasem isolation from the tissues and biological fluids of the cadaveric organs was substantiated. It was shown that dilthiasem can be purified from endogenous substances contained in the biological materials by means of combined liquid-liquid extraction and chromatography on the 30 mcm Silasorb C-18 column. The new modifications of thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GH-MS) are proposed for the identification and quantitative determination of dilthiasem isolated from cadaveric blood and hepatic tissue.

[Interval training in patients with chronic heart failure].

Training sessions with constant level of work load are most often used in cardiological rehabilitation. They are beneficial in secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease and to some or other extent are familiar to practical physicians. At the same time interval training appearing as sequence of short periods of high and low intensity work or pauses are rarely used due to their relative novelty. This variant of training has advantages and can be a method of choice for patients with CHF. In this review we summarized data on interval training available at present, considered problems of methodology, efficacy, and safety of this training, compared its various parameters with those of training with loads of continuous intensity.

[Cardiorehabilitation of patients with stable ischemic heart disease: compliance with treatment].

AIM: To study correlation between compliance with treatment (attendance of training sessions) and clinical symptoms in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the course of 12-week program of physical training. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ergospirometry before and after training was performed in 71 patients with stable IHD (21.1% females, 78.9% males, mean age 56.5 +/- 10.0 years) for estimation of exercise intensity and efficacy. A total of 36 training sessions were conducted for 12 weeks. Compliance with treatment was assessed by attendance of training sessions. RESULTS: A direct correlation was found between the attendance and duration of IHD (r = 0.364), number of cardiovascular complications (r = 0.526), functional class of angina pectoris (r = 0.643), plasma cholesterol (r = 0.475). Negative correlation was seen between the attendance and age of the patients (r = 0.327), body mass (r = 0.311), systolic arterial pressure at rest (r = 0.756), VO+AEA-2 peak by ergospirometry before training (r = 0.543) and time of walk to the clinic (r = 0.711). No correlation was found between the attendance and gender of the patients (r = 0.107). CONCLUSION: Some clinical features of patients with stable IHD which may indicate low compliance with treatment were identified. These features should be taken into consideration for optimization of cardiorehabilitation programs based on dose-adjusted loads.

[Muscular mechanisms of lowering of physical working capacity in chronic heart failure and action of beta-adrenoblockers].

Parameters of physical working capacity (symptom limited treadmill test with gas analysis, 6 min walk test and usual everyday activity), activity of muscular metaboreflex, efficacy of pulmonary ventilation, and heart rate variability were studied in 50 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis with chronic class I-III heart failure and 30 patients without heart failure. Patients with heart failure of all functional classes had lowered parameters of working capacity while metaboloreflex hyperactivation and diminished effectiveness of ventilation were found only in patients with clinical signs of chronic heart failure but not in those with symptomless left ventricular dysfunction. Therapy with metoprolol was associated with lowering of activity of metaboloreflex, augmented effectiveness of ventilation and heart rate variability, improvement of results of 6 min test and everyday activity without considerable changes of peak oxygen consumption.