RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim is to examine whether the addition of Virtual Reality (VR) meditation training to a standard 8-week Mindfulness-Based Health Care Program (MBHC-VR) results in a significantly increased improvement in occupational, mental health, and psychological functioning versus MBHC-only in university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled clinical trial with three arms (MBHC, MBHC-VR, Control Group), four assessment time points (pre-intervention, inter-session, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up), and mixed methodology will be proposed. University students (undergraduate, master, or doctoral) interested in participating and who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be included over two years. Data will be collected from different ad hoc questionnaires, several standardized tests, and an Ecological Momentary Assessment. We will use R software to carry out descriptive analyses (univariate and bivariate), multilevel modeling, and structural equation models to respond to the proposed objective. The qualitative analysis will be carried out using the MAXQDA program and the technique of focus groups. DISCUSSION: It is expected that with the proposed intervention university students will learn to relate in a healthier way with their mental processes, so as to improve their occupational balance (OB) and their psychological well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05929430.
Asunto(s)
Salud Mental , Atención Plena , Estudiantes , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Meditación/métodos , Meditación/psicología , Atención Plena/métodos , Estudiantes/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Universidades , Realidad Virtual , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
Images of emotional facial expressions are often used in emotion research, which has promoted the development of different databases. However, most of these standardized sets of images do not include images from infants under 2 years of age, which is relevant for psychology research, especially for perinatal psychology. The present study aims to validate the edited version of the Tromsø Infant Faces Database (E-TIF) in a large sample of participants. The original set of 119 pictures was edited. The pictures were cropped to remove nonrelevant information, fitted in an oval window, and converted to grayscale. Four hundred and eighty participants (72.9% women) took part in the study, rating the images on five dimensions: depicted emotion, clarity, intensity, valence, and genuineness. Valence scores were useful for discriminating between positive, negative, and neutral facial expressions. Results revealed that women were more accurate at recognizing emotions in children. Regarding parental status, parents, in comparison with nonparents, rated neutral expressions as more intense and genuine. They also rated sad, angry, disgusted, and fearful faces as less negative, and happy expressions as less positive. The editing and validation of the E-TIF database offers a useful tool for basic and experimental research in psychology.
Asunto(s)
Emociones , Felicidad , Niño , Lactante , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Ira , Miedo , Expresión FacialRESUMEN
Background: Perinatal depression is a major public health problem, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 15% during the first postpartum year. Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depression, there is no consensus regarding assessment and treatment in the Spanish context. The General Council of Psychology of Spain convened a working group of experts in the field, including both academics and healthcare professionals, to review and propose recommendations based on evidence and best practices that could be applied in the Spanish context. Method: A literature search was completed in various databases (e.g., Medline, PsychInfo) including a combination of terms related to peripartum depression (PPD) assessment and diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cost-effectiveness. A narrative synthesis of the literature has been conducted together with a critical overview of PPD with a special focus on the Spanish context. Results: In this consensus report, developing questions including prevalence and assessment tools, comparative effectiveness of preventive and treatment interventions, and cost-effectiveness of PPD management have been analyzed. Conclusions: The General Council of Psychology of Spain network advocates the establishment of compulsory screening protocols in all the autonomous regions. Also, it is necessary to promote the inclusion in maternal education of programs for the promotion of mental well-being and selective/indicated prevention carried out by a psychology professional with specialized training in the area. This consensus document also promotes the presence of a psychology professional with specialized training in the area. (AU)
Antecedentes: La depresión perinatal es un importante problema de salud pública, con una prevalencia estimada de aproximadamente el 15% durante el primer año posparto. A pesar de la gran prevalencia de depresión posparto (DPP), no existe consenso sobre la evaluación y el tratamiento en el contexto español. El Consejo General de Psicología de España convocó a un grupo de trabajo de expertos en la materia, tanto académicos como profesionales sanitarios, para revisar y proponer recomendaciones basadas en evidencias y mejores prácticas que puedan aplicarse en el contexto español. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en varias bases de datos (p. ej., Medline, PsychInfo) que incluía una combinación de términos relacionados con la evaluación y el diagnóstico de la DPP, prevención, tratamiento y coste-eficacia. Se ha realizado una síntesis narrativa de la literatura junto con una visión crítica de la DPP con un enfoque especial en el contexto español. Resultados: Las preguntas de desarrollo que incluyen prevalencia y herramientas de evaluación, la eficacia comparativa de las intervenciones preventivas y de tratamiento y la relación coste-efectividad de la gestión de la PPD se han analizado en este informe de consenso. Conclusiones: La red del Consejo General de Psicología de España aboga por el establecimiento de protocolos obligatorios de cribado en todas las Comunidades Autónomas. Asimismo, es necesario promover la inclusión en la educación materna de programas de promoción del bienestar mental y la prevención selectiva indicada llevadas a cabo por un profesional de la psicología con formación especializada en el área. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Depresión Posparto/tratamiento farmacológico , Depresión Posparto/economía , Depresión Posparto/epidemiología , Depresión Posparto/prevención & control , España , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Few studies have shown the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on new mothers health, but the long-term consequences of the crisis are yet unknown. This study aimed at evaluating the changes experienced in perinatal mental health 6 months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Women (n = 176, average age = 33.80) were recruited during the pandemic. Participants completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and Positive, and the Negative Affect Schedule. Results showed a decrease in depressive symptoms, t(174) = 2.58, p = .01, d = 0.02, whereas anxiety symptoms remained high, t(174) = 1.31, p = .19. In terms of psychological well-being, the results showed a decrease in life satisfaction, t(175) = 2.58, p = .011, d = 0.16, and negative affect, t(175) = 3.15, p = .002, d = 0.26, and an increase in positive affect, t(175) = -4.45, p < .001, d = 0.35. This study is expected to shed light on the design of future interventions aimed at the prevention of symptoms and to enhance life satisfaction during the perinatal stage. (AU)
Algunos estudios han mostrado el impacto psicológico de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental perinatal, pero aún se desconocen las consecuencias a largo plazo de esta crisis sanitaria. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los cambios en la salud mental perinatal tras 6 meses del inicio de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en España. Se reclutaron mujeres en etapa perinatal (n = 176, edad promedio = 33.80) durante la pandemia. Las participantes cumplimentaron la Escala de Depresión Postparto de Edimburgo, una escala de satisfacción con la vida y otra de afecto positivo y negativo. Los resultados mostraron una disminución de los síntomas depresivos a los 6 meses, t(174) = 2.58, p = .01, d = 0.02, mientras que los síntomas de ansiedad se mantuvieron elevados, t(174) = 1.31, p = .19. En cuanto al bienestar psicológico, los resultados mostraron una disminución en la satisfacción con la vida, t(175) = 2.58, p = .01, d = 0.16, y en el afecto negativo, t(175) = 3.15, p = .002, d = 0.26, y un aumento en el afecto positivo, t(175) = -4,45, p < .001, d = 0.35. Se espera que este estudio arroje luz sobre el diseño de futuras intervenciones dirigidas a la prevención de síntomas y a la mejora de la satisfacción con la vida durante la etapa perinatal. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/psicología , Salud Mental , Coronavirus Relacionado al Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo , Estudios Longitudinales , EspañaRESUMEN
Perinatal loss is a potentially painful event for parents and a grief that is often not recognised socially. Research has widely shown that grief responses can coexist with posttraumatic growth responses. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available evidence of studies investigating posttraumatic growth in people who have suffered a perinatal loss. A search was conducted in PROQUEST and Web of Science for articles published from 2011 to 2021. After reviewing 10 selected articles, it was found that the participants showed moderate levels of posttraumatic growth, mostly in the domains of personal strength, relationships with others, appreciation of life, and to a lesser extent in the perception of new possibilities and spiritual growth. Factors that facilitated the growth experience were finding meaning in the loss, changes in core beliefs, adaptive coping strategies, deliberate rumination, continued bonds with the deceased baby, and social support. It is expected that this systematic review will provide a basis for the design of future interventions aimed at promoting growth when facing perinatal loss.
Asunto(s)
Crecimiento Psicológico Postraumático , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Adaptación Psicológica , Pesar , Apoyo Social , PadresRESUMEN
Attachment theory is considered an important theoretical framework for understanding the ontogenesis of psychopathology. In this regard, insecure attachment styles have been associated with the development and maintenance of paranoid and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, different psychological processes (i.e., self-esteem and experiential avoidance) have been identified as mediating mechanisms between the relationship of insecure attachment and these symptoms. Nowadays, there is a more positive view in psychology focusing on factors that contribute to well-being, although little is known about the role of these psychological well-being variables as mediators between insecure attachment and psychopathology. For thus, the aim of this study was to test one explorative structural equation model of insecure attachment on paranoid and depressive symptoms through psychological mediating mechanisms to elucidate the processes involved in each of them. To evaluate the model, 141 individuals with severe psychiatric conditions participated in the study. The results revealed good model fit, highlighting that avoidant attachment has a direct and indirect effect on the symptoms, while anxious attachment has only an indirect effect through mediating mechanisms. On the other hand, lower levels of self-acceptance and environmental mastery have been identified as important processes associated with paranoid and depressive symptoms. However, less positive relationships were a significant mediating mechanism only for paranoid ideation symptoms. These results have important clinical implications by shedding light on the relationship between insecure attachment, paranoid and depressive symptoms, and the psychological mediating mechanisms involved in this relationship, which may be considered key variables in clinical treatments.
Asunto(s)
Depresión , Apego a Objetos , Ansiedad/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Humanos , Autoimagen , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that perinatal distress has a negative influence on pregnancy outcome and the physiological development of the baby. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal perinatal mental health in Spain. METHODS: Seven hundred and twenty-four women (N=450 pregnancy, N=274 postpartum) were recruited online during the pandemic. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale were administered. Variables related to sociodemographic information, the COVID-19 pandemic, and perinatal care were also assessed. FINDINGS: The results showed that 58% of women reported depressive symptoms. Moreover, 51% of women reported anxiety symptoms. On the other hand, a regression analysis for life satisfaction showed that besides the perception about their own health, marital status or being a health practitioner were also significant predictors during pregnancy. However, perception about baby's health and sleep, perception about their own health, and marital status were significant predictors of life satisfaction during the postpartum stage. DISCUSSION: Women assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic reported high rates of psychological distress. CONCLUSION: These results highlight the need of clinical support during this period. Knowing the routes to both distress and well-being may help maternity services to effectively cope with the pandemic.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Salud Mental , Pandemias , Parto/psicología , Embarazo , España/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Identifying differences in the clinical response to specific interventions is an important challenge in the field of Clinical Psychology. This is especially true in the treatment of depression where many treatments appear to have comparable outcomes. In a controlled trial, we compared a positive psychology group intervention, the Integrative Positive Psychological Intervention for Depression (IPPI-D; nâ¯=â¯62) to a cognitive-behavioral therapy group intervention (CBT; nâ¯=â¯66) for depression. No statistically or clinically-significant differences between the treatments were found, but a slight advantage was observed, on average, for IPPI-D. The aim of the present study was to identify and combine moderators of the differential efficacy of these two psychological interventions for clinical depression. For this purpose, a secondary analysis using the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) was performed to identify the intervention predicted to produce the better outcome for each patient. Six of the 21 potential moderators were found to predict differential efficacy between the treatments. IPPI-D was predicted to be the optimal treatment for 73% of the sample. Baseline features that characterized these individuals were: mental and physical comorbidity, prior antidepressant medication, higher levels of negative thoughts, and higher personal growth. The 27% who were predicted to achieve better outcomes in CBT than in IPPI-D tended to have these baseline features: no comorbidities, no prior antidepressant medication, lower levels of negative thoughts, and lower personal growth.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Psicología Positiva , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Although there is a growing interest in the role of attentional biases in depression, there are no studies assessing changes in these biases after psychotherapeutic interventions. METHODS: We used a validated eye-tracking procedure to assess pre-post therapy changes in attentional biases toward emotional information (i.e., happy, sad, and angry faces) when presented with neutral information (i.e., neutral faces). The sample consisted of 75 participants with major depression or dysthymia. Participants were blindly assigned to one of two 10 weekly sessions of group therapy: a cognitive behavior therapy intervention (N = 41) and a positive psychology intervention (N = 34). RESULTS: Both treatments were equally efficacious in improving depressive symptoms (p = .0001, η² = .68). A significant change in attentional performance after therapy was observed irrespective of the intervention modality. Comparison of pre-post attentional measures revealed a significant reduction in the total time of fixations (TTF) looking at negative information (i.e., sad and angry faces) and a significant increase in the TTF looking at positive information (i.e., happy faces)-all p < .02. CONCLUSIONS: Findings reveal for the first time that psychotherapeutic interventions are associated with a significant change in attentional biases as assessed by a direct measure of attention. Furthermore, these changes seem to operate in the same direction typically found in healthy populations (i.e., a bias away from negative information and a parallel bias toward positive information). These findings illustrate the importance of considering attentional biases as clinical markers of depression and suggest the viability of modifying these biases as a potential tool for clinical change.
Asunto(s)
Sesgo Atencional , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/terapia , Trastorno Distímico/terapia , Adulto , Ira , Atención , Depresión/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/fisiopatología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Trastorno Distímico/fisiopatología , Trastorno Distímico/psicología , Emociones , Medidas del Movimiento Ocular , Movimientos Oculares , Expresión Facial , Femenino , Felicidad , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psicoterapia/métodosRESUMEN
Research on psychotherapy has traditionally focused on analyzing changes between the beginning and the end of a treatment. Few studies have addressed the pattern of therapeutic change during treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of changes in clinical and well-being variables during a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program compared with an integrative positive psychology interventions program for clinical depression IPPI-D. 128 women with a diagnosis of major depression or dysthymia were assigned to the CBT or PPI group. A measure of depressive symptoms (i.e., Beck Depression Inventory) and well-being (i.e., Pemberton Happiness Index) were administered four times: at the beginning and end of the treatment, as well as during treatment (at sessions 4 and 7). Through mixed-model repeated measures ANOVAs, both depressive symptoms (p .08). The percentage of improvement in depressive symptoms in the first treatment period was higher than in the later ones (ps < .005). On the contrary, well-being showed a more gradual improvement (p = .15). These results highlight the importance of assessing the pattern of changes in symptoms and well-being separately.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/terapia , Trastorno Distímico/terapia , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Procesos Psicoterapéuticos , Psicoterapia/métodos , Adulto , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
There is growing evidence on the efficacy of positive psychology interventions (PPI) to treat clinical disorders. However, very few studies have addressed their acceptability. The present study aimed to analyse 2 key components of acceptability (i.e., client satisfaction and adherence to treatment) of a new PPI programme, the Integrative Positive Psychological Intervention for Depression (IPPI-D), in comparison to a standard cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) programme in the treatment of clinical depression. One hundred twenty-eight women with a DSM-IV diagnosis of major depression or dysthymia were allocated to a 10-session IPPI-D or CBT group intervention condition. Results showed that both interventions were highly acceptable for participants. Attendance rates were high, and there were no significant differences between conditions. However, the IPPI-D condition showed significantly higher client satisfaction than the CBT condition. Moreover, acceptability did not differ based on participants' severity of symptoms, regardless of condition. These findings encourage further investigations of the applicability of PPI in clinical settings in order to broaden the range of acceptable and suitable therapies for depressed patients. Key Practitioner Message This study sheds light on the client satisfaction and adherence to a positive intervention. For participants, positive psychology interventions (PPI) may be more satisfactory than CBT as PPI are framed within a positive mental health model and, consequently, may reduce the risk of stigmatization Because acceptability of treatments and preferences may affect the efficacy of treatments, this study provides an excellent opportunity to offer professionals more therapeutic options to tailor treatments to clients' needs and expectations.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Cooperación del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cooperación del Paciente/psicologíaRESUMEN
Research on psychotherapy has traditionally focused on analyzing changes between the beginning and the end of a treatment. Few studies have addressed the pattern of therapeutic change during treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of changes in clinical and well-being variables during a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program compared with an integrative positive psychology interventions program for clinical depression IPPI-D. 128 women with a diagnosis of major depression or dysthymia were assigned to the CBT or PPI group. A measure of depressive symptoms (i.e., Beck Depression Inventory) and well-being (i.e., Pemberton Happiness Index) were administered four times: at the beginning and end of the treatment, as well as during treatment (at sessions 4 and 7). Through mixed-model repeated measures ANOVAs, both depressive symptoms (p < .001, partial η2 = .52) and well-being (p < .001, partial η2 = .29) showed a significant improvement through the four assessment times. No significant interactions between time and treatment modality were found (ps > .08). The percentage of improvement in depressive symptoms in the first treatment period was higher than in the later ones (ps < .005). On the contrary, well-being showed a more gradual improvement (p = .15). These results highlight the importance of assessing the pattern of changes in symptoms and well-being separately (AU)
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Trastornos del Conocimiento/psicología , Psicoterapia/métodos , Psicología Clínica/métodos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Análisis de Varianza , Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Datos/métodos , Pruebas de HipótesisRESUMEN
We investigated whether a positive intervention (i.e. granting a wish) in children with a chronic illness could promote positive psychological responses in their parents. Hospitalized children were randomly assigned to either the wish group or to a waiting-list control group. Mothers and fathers' responses (N = 86 and 38, respectively) were studied. Parents from the wish group showed higher levels of positive emotions and beliefs in a benevolent world than the control group. Mothers from the wish group reported higher benefit finding, gratitude, and love than those in the control group. Given that the child's illness inevitably affects their parents, it is important to promote studies that include parents' well-being dimensions.
Asunto(s)
Afecto , Niño Hospitalizado/psicología , Enfermedad Crónica/psicología , Padres/psicología , Satisfacción Personal , Recompensa , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
We examined whether a positive intervention (i.e. granting a wish) could promote positive psychological and physical changes (e.g. reduced nausea and pain) in seriously-ill children. Children and their parent were randomly assigned to a wish group (completed measures 2-3 days before the wish and 3 weeks later) or to a waiting-list control group (with an equivalent time-lag and receiving the wish after the assessment). Wish intervention significantly increased levels of positive emotions, satisfaction with life, personal strengths, and reduced rates of nausea compared with the control group. Mothers in the wish group also perceived positive changes in children's benefit finding and quality of life.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crítica/psicología , Donaciones , Satisfacción Personal , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Adaptación Psicológica/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor , PadresRESUMEN
This longitudinal study applied a stress and coping model to examine the differential pathways of perceived positive and negative health behavior changes. Participants with congestive heart failure completed self-report measures of psychological resources, coping strategies, and perceived behavior changes and were assessed again 6 months later. Patients with higher positive affect and spiritual well-being reported more positive health behavior changes over time, effects mediated by approach coping. Alternatively, patients with lower psychological resources reported more negative behavior changes over time, effects mediated by avoidance coping. The results suggest that different psychological resources are related to different types of coping which, in turn, are associated with perceived positive or negative changes in health behavior over time.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/psicología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Autoinforme , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Estrés Psicológico/psicologíaRESUMEN
Objective. We examined whether benefit finding (BF) in children with a life-threatening illness (such as cancer or organ transplantation) would be related to a wide range of positive and negative measures of psychological functioning and some medical variables. Methods. A sample of children with a life threatening illness (N=67, ages 7-18 years) completed the Benefit Finding Scale for Children (BFSC) and other positive and negative measures of psychological functioning. Results. Children exposed to a moderate severity of their disease had the strongest levels of BF. While BF was positively associated with different dimensions of well-being, it was generally not related to distress with some exceptions in the health-related quality of life domain. Conclusion. Our results showed that BF reflects a positive outcome in its own right and not just a mere reduction of distress. Yet, there are some health-related domains of quality of life that should be considered in therapeutic intervention to facilitate BF.
Objetivo. Examinamos en qué medida la percepción de beneficios o benefit finding (BF) en niños con una enfermedad amenazante para la vida (como el cáncer o el trasplante de órganos) estaría relacionado con un rango de medidas positivas y negativas de funcionamiento psicológico así como con algunas variables médicas. Método. Una muestra de niños con una enfermedad amenazante para la vida (N=67, edad entre 7 y 18 años) completaron la Escala de Percepción de Beneficios para Niños (Benefit Finding Scale for Children, BFSC) y otras medidas positivas y negativas de funcionamiento psicológico. Resultados. Los niños expuestos a una enfermedad de gravedad moderada mostraron niveles más altos de BF. BF se asoció positivamente a diferentes dimensiones de bienestar. Sin embargo, no se encontró relación con medidas de malestar, a excepción de algunos dominios de calidad de vida relacionados con la enfermedad. Conclusión. Estos resultados mostraron que el BF refleja un resultado positivo en sí mismo y no una mera reducción de malestar. A pesar de eso, deben considerarse algunos dominios de calidad de vida relacionados con la salud a la hora de realizar intervenciones terapéuticas para facilitar la percepción de beneficios.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Femenino , Niño , Adaptación Psicológica , Neoplasias/psicología , Pruebas Psicológicas , Satisfacción Personal , Trasplante de Órganos/psicología , Afecto , Resiliencia Psicológica , Trastornos por Estrés PostraumáticoRESUMEN
In schizophrenia, poor insight has been associated with negative outcome. In fact, some studies have found insight to be associated with greater treatment adherence and lower levels of symptomatology, as well as better psychosocial functioning. However, others have found that insight into illness is associated with an increase in depression, low self-esteem, and possibly higher risk of suicide. We investigated the relationship between insight and well-being in a sample of 40 people presenting paranoid symptoms and diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder. Independent-samples t-tests revealed that compared to a paranoid group with high insight, paranoid participants with low insight had more self-acceptance, higher sense of autonomy and personal growth, and greater orientation towards gratification. Moderation analyses showed that when experiential avoidance was high, insight into paranoia had a detrimental effect on self-acceptance. Overall, our results support the need to explore which psychological variables moderate insight in patients with persecutory beliefs. We discuss the implications of these results for the research of paranoia.