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Mastering the spatiotemporal evolution laws of carbon sources and sinks is of great significance to promote the coordinated development of regional low-carbon, improve the science of carbon reduction and sink increase policies, and realize the goal of "double carbon." Taking 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Region as the research object, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of carbon sources and sinks in the Yangtze River Delta Region from 2000 to 2020 and conducted the carbon balance zoning. The results were as followsï¼ â The carbon emissions increased rapidly in the Yangtze River Delta Region from 2000 to 2011 but with some fluctuations after 2011. Carbon sinks increased slowly in the Yangtze River Delta Region from 2000 to 2020. The regional differences in carbon emissions and carbon sinks were significant, and the spatial pattern was relatively stable. â¡ The carbon compensation rate in the Yangtze River Delta Region showed a downward trend, and the carbon productivity, energy utilization efficiency, and carbon ecological support capacity were constantly enhanced. Interregional differences were the main source of carbon compensation rate in the Yangtze River Delta Region. Both the carbon compensation rate and carbon ecological support coefficient showed a spatial pattern of "high in the west and low in the east, high in the south and low in the north." The areas with high carbon economy contributive coefficient were concentrated in the central and southern areas of the Yangtze River Delta regions, and the areas with low carbon economy contributive coefficient were concentrated in Anhui Province. ⢠Based on the carbon economy contributive coefficient and the carbon ecological support coefficient, cities in the Yangtze River Delta Region were classified into low-carbon maintenance areas, economic development areas, carbon sink development areas, and comprehensive optimization areas. Recommendations were proposed for each category of cities in order to promote the coordinated development of regional low-carbon and realize the goal of "double carbon".
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In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in the solid state. This additive manufacturing technology is particularly useful in outer space missions (microgravity) and/or for harsh environment (e.g., on ships and vehicles during maneuvering, or on airplanes during flight). A special thermal gel is applied here to demonstrate the concept, that is, ultraviolet crosslinking in the solid state. The produced hydrogels are characterized and the water-content-dependent heating/cooling/water-responsive shape memory effect is revealed. Here, the shape memory feature is required to eliminate the deformation induced in the process of removing the uncrosslinked part from the crosslinked part in the last step of this additive manufacturing process.
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BACKGROUND: Due to academic pressure, social relations, and the change of adapting to independent life, college students are under high levels of pressure. Therefore, it is very important to study the mental health problems of college students. Developing a predictive model that can detect early warning signals of college students' mental health risks can help support early intervention and improve overall well-being. AIM: To investigate college students' present psychological well-being, identify the contributing factors to its decline, and construct a predictive nomogram model. METHODS: We analyzed the psychological health status of 40874 university students in selected universities in Hubei Province, China from March 1 to 15, 2022, using online questionnaires and random sampling. Factors influencing their mental health were also analyzed using the logistic regression approach, and R4.2.3 software was employed to develop a nomogram model for risk prediction. RESULTS: We randomly selected 918 valid data and found that 11.3% of college students had psychological problems. The results of the general data survey showed that the mental health problems of doctoral students were more prominent than those of junior college students, and the mental health of students from rural areas was more likely to be abnormal than that of urban students. In addition, students who had experienced significant life events and divorced parents were more likely to have an abnormal status. The abnormal group exhibited significantly higher Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores than the healthy group, with these differences being statistically significant (P < 0.05). The nomogram prediction model drawn by multivariate analysis included six predictors: The place of origin, whether they were single children, whether there were significant life events, parents' marital status, regular exercise, intimate friends, and the PHQ-9 score. The training set demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.972 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.947-0.997], a specificity of 0.888 and a sensitivity of 0.972. Similarly, the validation set had a ROC AUC of 0.979 (95%CI: 0.955-1.000), with a specificity of 0.942 and a sensitivity of 0.939. The H-L deviation test result was χ2 = 32.476, P = 0.000007, suggesting that the model calibration was good. CONCLUSION: In this study, nearly 11.3% of contemporary college students had psychological problems, the risk factors include students from rural areas, divorced parents, non-single children, infrequent exercise, and significant life events.
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are classic and emerging pollutants that are potentially harmful to the human immune system. Research on their immunotoxicity and mechanisms suggests that they play an important role in the resulting pernicious effects of PBDEs. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabrominated biphenyl ether (BDE-47) is the most biotoxic PBDE congener, and, in this study, we evaluated its toxicity toward RAW264.7 cells of mouse macrophages. The results show that exposure to BDE-47 led to a significant decrease in cell viability and a prominent increase in apoptosis. A decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and an increase in cytochrome C release and caspase cascade activation thus demonstrate that cell apoptosis induced by BDE-47 occurs via the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, BDE-47 inhibits phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells, changes the related immune factor index, and causes immune function damage. Furthermore, we discovered a significant increase in the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the regulation of genes linked to oxidative stress was also demonstrated using transcriptome sequencing. The degree of apoptosis and immune function impairment caused by BDE-47 could be reversed after treatment with the antioxidant NAC and, conversely, exacerbated by treatment with the ROS-inducer BSO. These findings indicate that oxidative damage caused by BDE-47 is a critical event that leads to mitochondrial apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages, ultimately resulting in the suppression of immune function.
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Éteres Difenilos Halogenados , Mitocondrias , Ratones , Animales , Humanos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Éteres Difenilos Halogenados/farmacología , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Hydrogels as flexible sensor have attracted significant attention due to its conductivity, stretchability and flexibility. However, it is still a great challenge to prepare hydrogels that simultaneously possess high strength, anti-fatigue, self-adhesion, and anti-freezing. Herein, a multifunctional dual-network hydrogel was prepared by in situ polymerization of acrylic monomer in chitosan chains, and coordinated with aluminum chloride and glycerol. Based on chain entanglement, hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions, this dual-network hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties, good fatigue resistance, and excellent adhesion performance. It can be used as a strain sensor for its stable conductivity and high sensitivity, which could monitor both large human motions and subtle motions. Due to the presence of glycerol, the hydrogel showed outstanding freezing resistance and still kept flexible and conductive even at low temperatures (-20 °C). This hydrogel can be applied as a flexible wearable sensor for monitoring human motion in extreme low-temperature condition.
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Adhesivos , Hidrogeles , Humanos , Cementos de Resina , Glicerol , Conductividad EléctricaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of matrix acupuncture on the neck disability index (NDI) score, clinical efficacy, and the calcification size of the nuchal ligament in patients of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with nuchal ligament calcification. METHODS: A total of 120 cases were randomly divided into a matrix acupuncture group and a routine acupuncture group, with 60 cases in each group. In the matrix acupuncture group, Ashi-point, bilateral Tianzhu (BL10), bilateral Fengchi (GB20), bilateral Dazhu (BL11), bilateral Jianzhongshu (SI15), and Jianjing (GB21), Tianzong (SI11), Quchi (LI11), Shousanli (LI10), Waiguan (TE5), and Hegu (LI4) at the affected side were selected. In the routine acupuncture group, C3-C7 Jiaji points at the neck and Jianjing (GB21), Tianzong (SI11), Quchi (LI11), Shousanli (LI10), Waiguan (TE5), Hegu (LI4), and Ashi-point at the affected side were selected. The patients in the two groups were treated 30 min once, six days a week, for a total of four weeks. The NDI scores, clinical efficacies, and calcification sizes of nuchal ligament were compared between the two groups every wee-kend. RESULTS: After four weeks of treatment, the NDI scores and calcification volumes of nuchal ligament decreased in both groups (P<0.05). Compared with the routine acupuncture group, the matrix acupuncture group showed decreased NDI scores and reduced calcification volumes of nuchal ligament at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks of treatment (P<0.05). The cure and marked effective rate in the matrix acupuncture group at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks of treatment were superior to those of the routine acupuncture group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The matrix acupuncture group and the routine acupuncture group are effective in reducing the NDI score and calcification size of nuchal ligament in patients of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with nuchal ligament calcification. However, matrix acupuncture has obvious advantages over routine acupuncture.
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Terapia por Acupuntura , Radiculopatía , Espondilosis , Humanos , Ligamentos , Radiculopatía/terapia , Espondilosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondilosis/terapia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.05.011.].
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Dog-bone shaped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) samples were pre-stretched at different temperatures (within the glass transition range and slightly above) to different strains. Subsequently, these pre-stretched samples were aged at 40 °C for up to three months, and finally, all samples were uniaxially stretched to fracture. The Young's modulus, ultimate stress and toughness of the samples were obtained and plotted as a function of the temperature, and strain in pre-stretching in the contour format. The influence of aging was revealed when the contours of different aging times were compared. One of the most interesting findings was that the toughness of this PMMA can be tailored via controlling the temperature and strain in pre-stretching. The toughness of the pre-stretched samples ranged from 1.317 MJ/m3 to 23.281 MJ/m3 (without aging) and from 1.476 MJ/m3 to 27.532 MJ/m3 (after three months of aging). Based on the results of a series of additional experiments, a mechanism was proposed to reveal the fundaments behind the influence of the temperature and strain in pre-stretching and aging.
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BACKGROUND: Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng), a herb distributed in Korea, China and Japan, exerts benefits on diverse inflammatory conditions. However, the underlying mechanism and active ingredients remains largely unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the active ingredients of P. ginseng against inflammation and elucidate underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Inflammation model was constructed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in C57BL/6 mice and RAW264.7 macrophages. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) and immunofluorescence were utilized to predict active component. RESULTS: P. ginseng significantly inhibited LPS-induced lung injury and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß. Additionally, P. ginseng blocked fluorescence-labeled LPS (LPS488) binding to the membranes of RAW264.7 macrophages, the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Furthermore, molecular docking demonstrated that ginsenoside Ro (GRo) docked into the LPS binding site of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) complex. Molecular dynamic simulations showed that the MD2-GRo binding conformation was stable. SPRi demonstrated an excellent interaction between TLR4/MD2 complex and GRo (KD value of 1.16 × 10-9 M). GRo significantly inhibited LPS488 binding to cell membranes. Further studies showed that GRo markedly suppressed LPS-triggered lung injury, the transcription and secretion levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß. Moreover, the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPKs as well as the p65 subunit nuclear translocation were inhibited by GRo dose-dependently. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that GRo exerts anti-inflammation actions by direct inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathway.
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BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common mental disorder associated with suicide attempts. When a patient first visits the clinic, clinicians are often expected to make concrete diagnose about acute suicidal risk. However, the timeliness of suicide attempts correlates with patients with MDD has not been tested. METHODS: We divided 1718 first-episode and untreated MDD outpatients into those who did not have suicide attempts (non-attempts), recent suicide attempters (≤14 days before assessment) and long - dated suicide attempters (> 30 days before assessment). Positive Symptom Scale of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale, 14 - item Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and clinical global impression of severity scale (CGI-S) was assessed. Body mass index, some glycolipid metabolism and thyroid hormone parameters were measured. A gradient-boosted decision trees statistical model was used to generate equally weighted classification for distinguishing recent and long - dated suicide attempters from non-attempts. RESULTS: The classifier identified higher excitement, hostility, anxiety, depression symptoms and higher free thyroxine (FT4) as risk factors for recent suicide attempters with an estimated accuracy of 87% (sensitivity, 59.1%; specificity, 61.2 %). For long - dated suicide attempters' risk factors, single status, higher anxiety and hostility symptoms, higher LDLC and lower BMI, the estimated accuracy was 88% (sensitivity, 52.8%; specificity, 49.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for suicide attempt among patients with MDD can be identified by integrating demographic, clinical, and biological variables as early as possible during the first time see a doctor.
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Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Intento de Suicidio , Ansiedad , Estudios Transversales , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/epidemiología , Humanos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Several outbreaks of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), which were characterized by yellow coloration and hemorrhage in pancreatic tissues, have occurred in China. The causative agent is called pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1. The mechanisms involved in pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1 infection are still unclear. Transcriptome analysis of duck pancreas infected with classical-type DHAV-1 and pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1 was carried out. Deep sequencing with Illumina-Solexa resulted in a total of 53.9 Gb of clean data from the cDNA library of the pancreas, and a total of 29,597 unigenes with an average length of 993.43 bp were generated by de novo sequence assembly. The expression levels of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, phosphoserine aminotransferase, and phosphoserine phosphatase, which are involved in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways, were significantly downregulated in ducks infected with pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1 compared with those infected with classical-type DHAV-1. These findings provide information regarding differences in expression levels of metabolism-associated genes between ducks infected with pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1 and those infected with classical-type DHAV-1, indicating that intensive metabolism disorders may contribute to the different phenotypes of DHAV-1-infection.
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Virus de la Hepatitis del Pato/patogenicidad , Hepatitis Viral Animal/virología , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno/genética , Infecciones por Picornaviridae/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Aminoácidos/genética , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Animales , Patos/virología , Expresión Génica , Hepatitis Viral Animal/genética , Hepatitis Viral Animal/metabolismo , Hepatitis Viral Animal/patología , Páncreas/citología , Páncreas/patología , Páncreas/virología , Pancreatitis/patología , Pancreatitis/virología , Infecciones por Picornaviridae/metabolismo , Infecciones por Picornaviridae/patología , Infecciones por Picornaviridae/virología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/genética , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/metabolismo , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/patología , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Secuencia de ARNRESUMEN
This study aims to evaluate the association between free triiodothyronine (FT3) and outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, as well as to assess the predictive power of FT3 and related functional markers from the perspective of potential mechanism. A total of 5104 CAD patients with an average follow-up of three years were enrolled into our study. Multivariate Cox regression was used to evaluate the associations between FT3, FT4 (free thyroxin), FT3/FT4 and death, MACE. We developed and validated an age, biomarker, and clinical history (ABC) model based on FT3 indicators to predict the prognosis of patients with CAD. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, FT3 and FT3/FT4 were independent predictors of mortality (Adjusted HR = 0.624, 95% CI = 0.486-0.801; adjusted HR = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.002-0.07, respectively). Meanwhile, emerging markers pre-brain natriuretic peptide, fibrinogen, and albumin levels are significantly associated with low FT3 (p < 0.001). The new risk death score based on biomarkers can be used to well predict the outcomes of CAD patients (C index of 0.764, 95% CI = 0.731-0.797). Overall, our findings suggest that low levels of FT3 and FT3/FT4 are independent predictors of death and MACE risk in CAD patients. Besides, the prognostic model based on FT3 provides a useful tool for the death risk stratification of CAD patients.
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Cardiovascular disease, a disease caused by many pathogenic factors, is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, and oxidative stress plays a major role in its pathophysiology. Tanshinone I (Tan I), a natural compound with cardiovascular protective effects, is one of the main active compounds extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Here, we investigated whether Tan I could attenuate oxidative stress and oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through Nrf2/MAPK signaling in vivo and in vitro. We found that Tan I treatment protected cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, based on the detection of relevant oxidation indexes such as reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and apoptosis, including cell viability and apoptosis-related protein expression. We further examined the mechanisms underlying these effects, determining that Tan I activated nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription into the nucleus and dose-dependently promoted the expression of Nrf2, while inhibiting MAPK signaling activation, including P38 MAPK, SAPK/JNK, and ERK1/2. Nrf2 inhibitors in H9C2 cells and Nrf2 knockout mice demonstrated aggravated oxidative stress and oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury; Tan I treatment suppressed these effects in H9C2 cells; however, its protective effect was inhibited in Nrf2 knockout mice. Additionally, the analysis of surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that Tan I could directly target Nrf2 and act as a potential Nrf2 agonist. Collectively, these data strongly indicated that Tan I might inhibit oxidative stress and oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte injury through modulation of Nrf2 signaling, thus supporting the potential therapeutic application of Tan I for oxidative stress-induced CVDs.
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Inhibiting myocardial fibrosis can help prevent cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. Magnolol (Mag), a natural component of Magnoliae officinalis, has been reported to inhibit fibrosis. However, the mechanism of Mag activity and its effects on myocardial fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the involvement of ALDH2, an endogenous protective agent against myocardial fibrosis, in the Mag-mediated inhibition of cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. We found that Mag significantly inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, based on the results of MTT, EdU and western blot assays. Moreover, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays showed that Mag could bind directly and stably to ALDH2. Further analysis of the mechanism of these effects indicated that treatment with Mag dose-dependently enhanced ALDH2 activity without altering protein expression. Mag could enhance the activity of recombinant human ALDH2 proteins with a half-maximal effective concentration of 5.79 × 10-5 M. In addition, ALDH2 activation via Alda-1 inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, while ALDH2 inhibition via daidzin partially blocked the suppressive effects of Mag. In summary, Mag may act as a natural ALDH2 agonist and inhibit cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.
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Aldehído Deshidrogenasa Mitocondrial/antagonistas & inhibidores , Compuestos de Bifenilo/farmacología , Colágeno/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Lignanos/farmacología , Miocitos Cardíacos/efectos de los fármacos , Aldehído Deshidrogenasa Mitocondrial/metabolismo , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Compuestos de Bifenilo/aislamiento & purificación , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colágeno/biosíntesis , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Lignanos/química , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Magnolia/química , Estructura Molecular , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: To understand the adverse association of short sleep duration and insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) with and their combined effect on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese adults.This cross-sectional study analyzed 7052 adults aged 18â¼64âyears old in 2009, with fasting blood samples collected. Participants were divided into short/normal/long sleep duration groups and sufficient/insufficient FVI groups in accordance with self-reported information. Metabolic syndrome was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.The prevalence of MetS among the study subjects was 21.74%. Participants were classified into short (<7âh/d), normal (7â¼9âh/d), and long (>9âh/d) groups according to their daily sleep duration. Participants with less than 500âg of FVI per day was considered as insufficient FVI. After adjusting for confounders, the negative effect of short sleep duration on MetS was statistically significant, with an OR of 1.29 (95%CIâ=â1.06â¼1.56); and high fasting glucose levels were significantly associated with insufficient FVI. Compared with subjects with normal sleep duration and sufficient FVI, participants with short sleep time and insufficient FVI had the highest risk of MetS (ORâ=â1.37, 95% CI: 1.04-1.66).This study revealed that insufficient FVI and short sleep duration were significantly associated with an increased risk of MetS among Chinese adults. Increasing FVI and normal sleep duration during Chinese adults could be significant targets for reducing the prevalence of MetS.
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Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Frutas , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Sueño/fisiología , Verduras , Adolescente , Adulto , Glucemia/análisis , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Ayuno/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/fisiopatología , Síndrome Metabólico/prevención & control , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Imbalanced Th17/Treg ratio is implicated in the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia. Studies have indicated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exo) could correct imbalanced Th17/Treg in aplastic anemia, but the mechanism remains not fully understand. This study was designed to investigate whether BMSC-Exo regulates the Th17/Treg balance in aplastic anemia by transferring miR-23a-3p. Here, miR-23a-3p inhibitor was utilized to knockdown the expression of miR-23a-3p in BMSC-Exo. A co-culture system of CD4+ T cells from aplastic anemia patients and BMSC-Exo was used to explore the effects of BMSC-Exo on the Th17/Treg balance and the underlying mechanism in aplastic anemia. The patients with aplastic anemia exhibited Th17/Treg imbalance favoring the Th17 cells. BMSC-Exo could balance the percentage of Th17 and Treg cells in aplastic anemia, but the effects of BMSC-Exo can be eliminated when miR-23a-3p expression was silenced in BMSCs. IL-6 was a direct target of miR-23a-3p. IL-6 overexpression could abrogate BMSC-Exo-induced balance in Th17/Treg ratio. Overall, BMSC-Exo could balance Th17/Treg ratio in aplastic anemia via suppressing IL-6 expression by transferring miR-23a-3p at least in part. These data indicated miR-23a-3p may be a potential target for the treatment of aplastic anemia. Our study may provide a new idea for the therapy of the disease.
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Anemia Aplásica/genética , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/citología , Interleucina-6/genética , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , MicroARNs/genética , Regiones no Traducidas 3' , Anemia Aplásica/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/inmunología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Células Cultivadas , Técnicas de Cocultivo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Humanos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Células Th17Asunto(s)
Cuidadores/psicología , Trasplante de Hígado/psicología , Turismo Médico/psicología , Factores Sexuales , Receptores de Trasplantes/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Rol de Género , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Investigación Cualitativa , TaiwánRESUMEN
The shape memory effect (SME) refers to the ability of a material to recover its original shape, but only in the presence of a right stimulus. Most polymers, either thermo-plastic or thermoset, can have the SME, although the actual shape memory performance varies according to the exact material and how the material is processed. Vitrimer, which is between thermoset and thermo-plastic, is featured by the reversible cross-linking. Vitrimer-like shape memory polymers (SMPs) combine the vitrimer-like behavior (associated with dissociative covalent adaptable networks) and SME, and can be utilized to achieve many novel functions that are difficult to be realized by conventional polymers. In the first part of this paper, a commercial polymer is used to demonstrate how to characterize the vitrimer-like behavior based on the heating-responsive SME. In the second part, a series of cases are presented to reveal the potential applications of vitrimer-like SMPs and their composites. It is concluded that the vitrimer-like feature not only enables many new ways in reshaping polymers, but also can bring forward new approaches in manufacturing, such as, rapid 3D printing in solid state on space/air/sea missions.
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BACKGROUND: DD was found to be associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and renal insufficiency. However, it is uncertain whether DD is an independent risk factor of CI-AKI in patients undergoing pPCI. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 550 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing pPCI between January 2012 and December 2016. The predictive value of admission DD for CI-AKI was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and multivariable logistic regression analysis. CI-AKI was defined as an absolute serum creatinine increase ≥0.3 mg/dl or a relative increase in serum creatinine ≥50% within 48 h of contrast medium exposure. RESULTS: Overall, the incidence of CI-AKI was 13.1%. The ROC analysis showed that the cutoff point of DD was 0.69 µg/ml for predicting CI-AKI with a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 57.3%. The predictive value of DD was similar to the Mehran score for CI-AKI (AUCDD = 0.729 vs AUCMehran = 0.722; p = 0.8298). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that DD > 0.69 µg/ml was an independent predictor of CI-AKI (odds ratio [OR] = 3.37,95% CI:1.80-6.33, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, DD > 0.69 µg/ml was associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality during a mean follow-up period of 16 months (hazard ratio = 3.41, 95%CI:1.4-8.03, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Admission DD > 0.69 µg/ml was a significant and independent predictor of CI-AKI and long-term mortality in patients undergoing pPCI.
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Lesión Renal Aguda/inducido químicamente , Lesión Renal Aguda/diagnóstico , Medios de Contraste/efectos adversos , Productos de Degradación de Fibrina-Fibrinógeno/análisis , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/métodos , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/cirugía , Anciano , Creatinina/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Background: Evidence indicates that the serum concentration of uric acid (UA) in patients may relate both to the pathophysiology and therapeutics of bipolar disorder (BPD). The purpose of this study was to examine the changes and clinical significance of serum UA concentrations in first-episode manic patients suffering from BPD. Methods: Seventy-six drug-naive patients with first-episode bipolar mania and 76 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited. Young Mania Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used to assess clinical symptoms. We tested serum UA concentrations by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and at the end of 8-week treatment in BPD patients and in the control group. Results: After 8-week quetiapine and sodium valproate treatment, this study revealed that the serum UA concentrations in remitted patients were significantly lower than nonremitted patients; however, those remitted patients still had higher serum UA than healthy controls. We discovered that the baseline UA concentration was higher in nonremitted than remitted patients after 8 weeks of treatment. Finally, a positive association was found between serum UA and symptom relief in the first episode of manic disorder patients. Conclusion: Patients with first-episode BPD had high levels of serum UA, which responds to treatment mainly in remitted patients. Our results suggest that serum UA concentrations might present potentially a trait marker in bipolar patients.