RESUMEN
Epidemic infectious diseases have become a major threat to public health safety. This paper reviews the previous researches and analyzes the psychological impact of infectious disease outbreak on medical staff, patients and the public, exploring the risk and protective factors of adverse psychological reactions, so as to provide references for future research and counseling after coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. It is suggested that multi-center and large-scale follow-up investigation is needed, and more attention needs to be paid on influences of stigma and public opinion on internet and the change of positive psychological quality after the epidemic outbreak. Moreover, the research results of risk and protective factors should be fully used in psychological intervention.
RESUMEN
Divergence of gene expression and alternative splicing is a crucial driving force in the evolution of species; to date, however the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Hybrids of closely related species provide a suitable model to analyze allele-specific expression (ASE) and allele-specific alternative splicing (ASS). Analysis of ASE and ASS can uncover the differences in cis-regulatory elements between closely related species, while eliminating interference of trans-regulatory elements. Here, we provide a detailed characterization of ASE and ASS from 19 and 10 transcriptome datasets across five tissues from reciprocal-cross hybrids of horse×donkey (mule/hinny) and cattle×yak (dzo), respectively. Results showed that 4.8%-8.7% and 10.8%-16.7% of genes exhibited ASE and ASS, respectively. Notably, lncRNAs and pseudogenes were more likely to show ASE than protein-coding genes. In addition, genes showing ASE and ASS in mule/hinny were found to be involved in the regulation of muscle strength, whereas those of dzo were involved in high-altitude adaptation. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that exploration of genes showing ASE and ASS in hybrids of closely related species is feasible for species evolution research.