[The ultrastructure of the blood-air barrier and of the large (granular) epitheliocytes (type-2 alveolocytes) in patients with acquired defects and ischemic heart disease before and after surgical treatment]. / Ul'trastruktura aérogematicheskogo bar'era i bol'shikh (granuliarnykh) épiteliotsitov (al'veolotsitov vtorogo tipa) u bol'nykh c priobretennymi porokami i ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa do i posle khirurgicheskogo lecheniia.

Ultrastructure of air-hematic barrier and efficiency of alpha-tocopherolum use for prophylaxis of toxic effect of oxygen used for artificial pulmonary ventilation (APV) and oxygenation of blood outside lungs were studied in 27 patients with mitral and aortal valve diseases and ischemic disease before the operation and on its stages. Macroscopically unchanged lung regions were studied before the heart-lung apparatus switching, 40-45 minutes after clamping the artery in conditions of disturbed blood circulation and 10 minutes after hemostation in pulmonary artery. 6 patients were treated with 100% oxygen for 30 minutes before APV finishing while the other 6 previously received alpha-tocopherolum. Disturbance of the structure of the outermost cell membrane in type I alveolocytes and endotheliocytes, widening of basal layers and their fibers and disorders in the osmiophilic lamellar bodies were established to determine the severity of condition of patients with mitral valve diseases.

[A comparative evaluation of the changes in the lungs during open-heart operations using contact and membrane oxygenators]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka izmenenii v legkikh pri operatsiiakh na otkrytom serdtse s ispol'zovaniem kontaktnykh i membrannykh oksigenatorov.

A comparative investigation of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of 28 cardiosurgical patients operated upon under conditions of bubble and membrane oxygenation of blood has established that the following trends are perspective for lessening the disturbances of the lung ultrastructure in operations on the open heart: shorter time of the first parallel blood flow when using bubble oxygenation, less trauma of the heart during artificial blood circulation due to the improved perfusion system, realization of the conditions of extrapulmonary oxygenation of blood, responsible for the prevention of hypoxic injuries of the lungs.

[The gas-exchange properties of membrane blood oxygenators with immobilized heparin]. / Gazoobmennye svoistva membrannykh oksigenatorov krovi s immobilizovannym geparinom.

Gas-exchange properties of membrane oxygenators (MO) "MOST-122" with immobilized heparin have been studied during 18 open heart surgeries. It has been shown that heparin immobilization on MO surfaces that are in contact with blood is accompanied by enhanced MO ability to oxygenate blood and remove CO2.

[The use of selective cytopheresis following cardioplegia during open heart surgery]. / Ispol'zovanie selektivnogo tsitofereza posle kardioplegii vo vremia operatsii na otkrytom serdtse.

The analysis of 20 operations on the open heart performed with selective cytopheresis (apparatus PK-0.5) or without it has demonstrated that in pharmacological and ice-chip cardioplegia the technique to a great extent prevents the loss of the patient's own blood removed with cardioplegic solution and makes it possible to reduce donor blood consumption by 27%. The course of the postoperative period improves considerably: blood loss is reduced, the recovery of blood cellular composition becomes more intensive. Cardioplegia performed in combination with selective cytopheresis does not exclude certain protein loss (up to 15 g/l during one session), which confirms the necessity of adequate homeostasis correction with protein blood preparations.

[The use of immobilized heparin in perfusion systems with membrane oxygenation during heart surgery]. / Ispol'zovanie immobilizovannogo geparina v perfuzionnykh sistemakh s membrannoi oksigenatsiei pri kardiokhirurgicheskikh vmeshatel'stvakh.

The analysis of 65 cases of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery using systems distinct in the type of the oxygenator used (contact, membrane) and the degree of thromboresistance of blood-contacting surfaces has demonstrated that the use of heparin-covered membrane blood oxygenators and systems allows of a considerable reduction in blood trauma during perfusion and a 5-6-fold decrease of heparin doses employed for extracorporeal membrane blood oxygenation.