[Clinical and biological significance of chromosome disorders in acute leukemia in children]. / Klinicheskoe i biologicheskoe znachenie khromosomnykh narushenii pri ostrykh leikozakh u detei.

Chromosomal examination was made in the bone marrow and lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of 37 children with acute leukemia. Of them 25 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 12 had acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). NA karyotype was registered in 13 patients (5 with ALL, 9 with ANLL), AA karyotype in 17 children (12 with ALL, 5 with ANLL). In All the following chromosomal markers were identified: del(6)/(q22), del(7)(q32), del(11)(q23), 9p+, t(8; 14) (q24; q32). In ANLL there were: 46, XY, t(3; 8)/46, XY; 47, XY, +16, +(2; 14)--M1-form; 46, XX, t(8; 21); 46, XX, t(8; 21)/46, XX--M2-form; 47, XX, +mar/46, XX; 47, XY, +12--M4-form; 46, XX, del(16)/46, XX, 47, XY, +16; 48, XY, +5, +8--M5-form FAB.

[The assessment of the health of industrial enterprise workers and the means for its strengthening]. / Otsenka zdorov'ia rabotnikov promyshlennykh predpriiatii i puti ego ukrepleniia.

The authors provide the results of a sociological interview of the collective of a mixed feed plant. The interview concerned information about health, healthy way of life and routine behavior. Noticeable differences were revealed between the theoretical background of the respondents and daily routine. A rapid method was employed to objectively evaluate the level of the physical health status. A considerable percentage of subjects with low health status were detected. This requires carrying out of the goal-oriented treatment, prophylactic and organizational measures at the plant.

[Analysis of chromosome aberrations and prognosis of bone marrow syndrome severity in acute radiation injuries in man]. / Analiz aberratsii khromosom i prognozirovanie tiazhesti kostno-mozgovogo sindroma pri ostrykh radiatsionnykh porazheniiakh cheloveka.

Biological dose indication using chromosomal aberrations analysis is a reliable method of diagnosing acute radiation disease and prognosing bone marrow syndrome severity. Cytogenetic methods permit one not only to estimate the mean radiation dose in the subjects exposed that is most important in case of relatively uniform irradiation, but also to reveal the non-uniformity of radiation exposure. Estimation of aberrant cells in bone marrow puncture biopsy specimens obtained from different sites of the hemopoietic tissue and analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures can be used for this purpose. Materials including those obtained at the Chernobyl accident were analyzed with the use of the above methods, their advantages and shortcomings are considered, and equations of dose-response curves are presented.

[Effects of the dose on the prognosis of dynamics of blood neutrophil count based on cytogenetic analysis of lymphocytes of victims of the Chernobyl AES accident]. / O vliianii moshchnosti dozy na prognoz dinamiki kolichestva neitrofilov v krovi po rezul'tatam tsitogeneticheskogo analiza limfotsitov u lits, postradavshikh pri avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

The authors investigated prognostic significance of irradiation intensity with relation to the severity of a course of the bone marrow syndrome in the affected population at the Chernobyl accident. Absorbed doses were determined by analysis of lymphocyte chromosome aberrations and the time course of the blood neutrophil count. The evaluation of the severity of blood disorders by cytogenetic and hematological tests was shown to coincide in 85% of patients. Due to lack of information on irradiation physical data, an absorbed dose mean rate was assessed for the entire period of stay in the high radiation zone. In 81 patients mean dose rate values varied within 0.1-22 Gy/h. Further analysis has shown that a mean dose rate value in this range did not influence the prognosis of a course of the bone marrow syndrome in the affected persons (by the results of cytogenetic investigation of lymphocyte cultures).

[A comparison of the number of chromatid aberrations with dose, estimated from the frequency of dicentrics, in the cytogenetic study of lymphocytes in subjects involved in the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station]. / Sopostavlenie chisla khromatidnykh aberratsii s dozoi, otsennoi po chastote ditsentrikov, pri tsitogeneticheskom issledovanii limfotsitov u lits, postradavshikh pri avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

A study was made of the frequency of chromatid aberrations in lymphocyte culture of subjects affected by the Chernobyl accident as a function of dose estimated by the incidence of dicentrics. The average number of chromatid aberrations was nearly the same within the dose range from 0 to 5 Gy exhibiting a tendency towards growth with dose. A high individual variability of the chromatid aberration frequency was observed.

[The direct use of cytogenetic data for plotting prognostic curves of the dynamics of neutrophil count after acute relatively uniform gamma irradiation (based on data from the victims of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Priamoe ispol'zovanie tsitogeneticheskikh dannykh dlia postroeniia prognosticheskikh krivykh dinamiki chisla neitrofilov posle ostrogo otnositel'no ravnomerno gamma-oblucheniia (na materiale postradavshikh pri avarii na Chernobylskoi AES).

A considerable number of irradiated persons appeared as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station. Analysis of chromosome aberrations and detailed hematological investigations were performed in them. Relatively uniform affection of the hemopoietic tissue could be anticipated on the basis of the results of the cytogenetic analysis in most of these persons who had been exposed to radiation at doses that were critical for the development of the bone marrow syndrome. It made it possible to establish direct quantitative relationship between the indices of a postradiation curve of the time course of the neutrophil count in peripheral blood and the mean rate of dicentrics in lymphocytes for cases of relatively uniform irradiation and to plot prognostic curves of neutrophils for different frequencies of dicentrics.

[A method of estimating the dose to and magnitude of an irradiated area during partial radiation damage based on the results of a cytogenetic analysis of a culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes]. / Sposob otsenki dozy i velichiny obluchennogo ob"ema tela pri chastichnom radiatsionnom porazhenii po resul'tatam tsitogeneticheskogo analiza kul'tur limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi.

The curves, obtained in the in vitro experiments, that show the dependence of the frequency of dicentrics (per a cell with dicentrics) upon dose and percentage of cells with dicentrics are proposed to be used in estimating a dose and body volume affected by partial irradiation (an extreme case of nonuniform exposure) by the analysis of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures.

[Estimation of absorbed dose based on the results of cytogenetic studies of lymphocyte cultures from subjects exposed in the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station]. / Otsenka pogloshchennoi dozy po resul'tatam tsitogeneticheskikh issledovanii kul'tur limfotsitov u postradavshikh pri avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow lymphocyte cultures was performed in 158 persons who had suffered in the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Station. According to these data, in spite of severe local injuries in some cases, hemopoietic tissue of a majority of the patients was exposed to relatively homogeneous irradiation. Doses, estimated by the frequency of dicentrics (per 100 cells), in 7 patients varied within the ranges 10.1-13.7 Gy, in 12--6.1-9.5 Gy, in 16--4-5.8 Gy, in 33--2-3.9 Gy, in 19--1-1.9 Gy, in 42--0.1-0.9 Gy. Dicentrics in 29 patients were undetectable.