[Sintopy of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct detected by means of the vector analysis of the CT-identified anatomical features of the nasal cavity]. / Sintopiia distal'nogo kontsa nososleznogo kanala po dannym vektornogo analiza KT-anatomii polosti nosa.

The objective of the present work was to study syntopy of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct based on the results of the vector analysis of the CT-identified anatomical features of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses in 102 patients (204 nasolacrimal channels). The main criterion for inclusion in the study was the absence of traumatic injuries and inflammatory changes in the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. X-ray studies of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), turbinate crest (crista conchalis), the edge of the nasal aperture, and the floor of the nasal cavity were carried out. The vector and angle measurements were made with respect to the bottom of the nasal cavity in the perpendicular and parallel planes. The study has demonstrated that the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct was located 3.49 mm above the level of crista conchalis of the maxillary bone 19.77 mm and 22.04 mm apart from the edge of the aperture of the nose in the individuals younger than 20 years and in the older subjects respectively. Syntopy of the distal end of NLD relative to the bottom of the nasal cavity did not depend on the sex and age of the patients and was localized at a depth of 13.93 mm from the edge of the aperture of the bone and 11.86 mm above the bottom of the nose.

[The clinical observation of NK/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type]. / Klinicheskoe nabliudenie NK/T-kletochnoi limfomy nazal'nogo tipa.

The objective of the present work was to present the results of the clinical analysis of the patient presenting with natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type. We undertook the analysis of the medical documentation concerning the case of interest. It was shown that the development of progressive perforation of the nasal septum and the pronounced destructive changes in the intranasal and adjacent structures following the endonasal surgical interventions made necessary differential diagnostics between the condition under consideration and certain latent disorders (such as Wegener's granulomatosis, leprosy, syphilis, leishmaniasis, dirofilariasis tuberculosis, etc.). The study has demonstrated that the negative results of the analysis imply the necessity of special attention to the possibility of development of oncological diseases including hematological disorders (e.g. NK/T-cell lymphoma) and the repeat careful follow-up examination of the patients by the experienced experts.

[Peculiarities of epidemiology of chronic tonsillitis under current conditions of providing specialized aid to the patients presenting with ENT diseases].

The objective of he present works was to analyse epidemiological parameters characterizing the prevalence of chronic tonsillitis morbidity and specific features of its local and systemic complications (the former included paratonsillar abscess, PA, while the latter acute rheumatic fever, ARF, and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, APSGN). The data subjected to the analysis comprised information collected by the Statistical Department of the Clinical Infectious Hospital No 1 for the past 10 years about the number of hospitalized patients having the diagnosis of tonsillitis in combination with PA and the data on the number of peritonsillar abscess drainage procedures performed between 2008 and 2010 (Statistical Department of S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital), the number of tonsillectomies, the prevalence of ARF and APSGN during the last 10 years (Medical Statistics Bureau of the Moscow Health Department), and the results of monitoring regular medical check-ups of the patients presenting with the above pathologies. The number of the patients hospitalized at the Clinical Infectious Hospital No 1 for the diagnosis of tonsillitis in combination with PA was shown to increase as well as the number of autopsies of the patients with PA performed at S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital. Simultaneously, the number of tonsillectomies in the clinics of Moscow Health Department decreased whereas the prevalence of ARF and APSGN and the number of the patients with chronic tonsillitis under dispensary observation for over 2 years increased. It is concluded that otorhinolaryngologists working in outpatient facilities must promptly identify indications for radical surgical sanitation of the pockets of chronic infection by means of bilateral tonsillectomy.

[Immunomorphological features of chronic tonsillitis].

The objective of the present work was to overview current concepts of immunology and pathological morphology of chronic tonsillitis. Morphological aspects of embryological development of palatine tonsils are discussed in conjunction with their participation in the formation of the immune response. Morphological and immunological peculiarities of the pathological process in chronic tonsillitis are described. It is concluded that otorhinolaryngologists must in due time identify indications for radical surgical sanitation of the pockets of chronic infection by means of bilateral tonsillectomy.

[A case of chronic pyopolypous pansinusitis with mucopyocele of the frontal sinus].

Chronic pyopolypous pansinusitis in a patient presenting with mucopyocele of the frontal sinus is described. A brief characteristic of cyst-like extension of the paranasal sinuses is presented. Special attention is given to the main diagnostic criteria. The methods of surgical and postoperative treatment of patients with the pathology in question are discussed.

[Relevance of the chronic tonsillitis problem].

This study was designed to analyse dynamic characteristics of planned and emergency surgical care provided to patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) in 3 large hospital of Moscow during the period between 2002 to 2006. The number of planed surgical interventions for the treatment of chronic tonsillitis performed during 5 years decreased almost two-fold. In contrast, the total number of urgent operations for surgical drainage of paratonisillar abscess in all clinics of the city during the last 10 years increased by a factor of 2. Results of bacteriological studies of species composition of microflora in patients with CT suggest the relationship between the incidence of this pathology and acute rheumatic fever. Analysis of activities aimed at the prevention of chronic tonsillitis (based in the first place at specialized dispensary facilities) has demonstrated that the number of patients involved in relevant monitoring programs is rather small and those in need of radical sanation of inflammatory CT foci are not referred for surgical treatment at the early stages of the disease as required by the current diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for the management of chronic tonsillitis.